405905 research outputs found
Sort by
Evaluation of cryogenic model libraries for FDSOI CMOS transistors
No full textScalable quantum computers demand innovative solutions to tackle the wiring bottleneck and control an increasing number of qubits. Cryogenic electronics based on CMOS technologies are promising candidates which can operate down to deep-cryogenic temperatures and act as a communication and control interface to the quantum layer. However, the performance of transistors used in these circuits is altered significantly when cooling from room temperature to cryogenic temperatures, which motivates accurate cryogenic modeling of transistors. In this paper, we report on a cryogenic simulation library tailored specifically to fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FDSOI) transistors. We validated the accuracy of our preliminary model library by comparing simulations at both the device and circuit levels with experimental measurements from single transistors, ring oscillators, and a transimpedance amplifier. Our models effectively capture the DC behavior across the temperature range from 8 K to room temperature
On-demand, semantic EO data cubes – knowledge-based, semantic querying of multimodal data for mesoscale analyses anywhere on Earth
No full textWith the daily increasing amount of available Earth Observation (EO) data, the importance of processing frameworks that allow users to focus on the actual analysis of the data instead of the technical and conceptual complexity of data access and integration is growing. In this context, we present a Python-based implementation of ad-hoc data cubes to perform big EO data analysis in a few lines of code. In contrast to existing data cube frameworks, our semantic, knowledge-based approach enables data to be processed beyond its simple numerical representation, with structured integration and communication of expert knowledge from the relevant domains. The technical foundations for this are threefold: Firstly, on-demand fetching of data in cloud-optimized formats via SpatioTemporal Asset Catalog (STAC) standardized metadata to regularized three-dimensional data cubes. Secondly, provision of a semantic language along with an analysis structure that enables to address data and create knowledge-based models. And thirdly, chunking and parallelization mechanisms to execute the created models in a scalable and efficient manner. From the user’s point of view, big EO data archives can be analyzed both on local, commercially available devices and on cloud-based processing infrastructures without being tied to a specific platform. Visualization options for models enable effective exchange with end users and domain experts regarding the design of analyses. The concrete benefits of the presented framework are demonstrated using two application examples relevant for environmental monitoring: querying cloud-free data and analyzing the extent of forest disturbance areas
Massivelyparallel high-definition simulation of packed-bed chromatography in laterally unconfined compartments
No full textGenetic dissection of the root system architecture QTLome and its relationship with early shoot development, breeding and adaptation in durum wheat
No full textRoot system architecture (RSA), shoot architecture, and shoot-to-root biomass allocation are critical for optimizing crop water and nutrient capture and ultimately grain yield. Nevertheless, only a few studies adequately dissected the genetic basis of RSA and its relationship to shoot development. Herein, we dissected at a high level of details the RSA–shoot QTLome in a panel of 194 elite durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum Desf.) varieties from worldwide adopting high-throughput phenotyping platform (HTPP) and genome-wide association study (GWAS). Plants were grown in controlled conditions up to the seventh leaf appearance (late tillering) in the GROWSCREEN-Rhizo, a rhizobox platform integrated with automated monochrome camera for root imaging, which allowed us to phenotype the panel for 35 shoot and root architectural traits, including seminal, nodal, and lateral root traits, width and depth, leaf area, leaf, and tiller number on a time-course base. GWAS identified 180 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) (−log p-value ≥ 4) grouped in 39 QTL clusters. Among those, 10, 11, and 10 QTL clusters were found for seminal, nodal, and lateral root systems. Deep rooting, a key trait for adaptation to water limiting conditions, was controlled by three major QTLs on chromosomes 2A, 6A, and 7A. Haplotype distribution revealed contrasting selection patterns between the ICARDA rainfed and CIMMYT irrigated breeding programs, respectively. These results provide valuable insights toward a better understanding of the RSA QTLome and a more effective deployment of beneficial root haplotypes to enhance durum wheat yield in different environmental conditions
Diminished spin-flip reflectivity in stacked multilayers with varying period thicknesses of Fe/Si by incorporating 11B4C
No full text
Defining suicidality phenotypes for genetic studies: perspectives of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Suicide Working Group
No full textThe Impact of Applied Ion Energy on Low-Damage (S)TEM Sample Preparation Caused by Various Ion Species in FIB-SEM
No full textExplaining and predicting the Southern Hemisphere eddy-driven jet
No full textThe summertime eddy-driven jet (EDJ) in the Southern Hemisphere is a critical mediatorbetween regional climate and large-scale phenomena, guiding synoptic systems thatshape weather patterns. Uncertainties in global climate models (GCMs)-particularlyin projecting changes in remote drivers like tropical warming, stratospheric polarvortex strengthening, and asymmetric tropical Pacific warming-hinder predictions ofEDJ trends and associated regional outcomes. In this study, we develop a causalframework that combines observations, reanalysis datasets, and storylines estimatedfrom the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) projections to attributepast EDJ changes and predict plausible future trajectories. Our findings indicate thattropical warming has evolved along the low end of plausible CMIP trajectories, whilethe stratospheric polar vortex shows robust strengthening, both strongly influencingobserved EDJ trends. Our results suggest that 50% of the observed EDJ latitudeshift can be directly attributed to global warming (GW), and the remaining 50% toremote drivers whose attribution toGWremains uncertain. Importantly,GCMsappearto accurately estimate the observed latitudinal shifts but underestimate the observedstrengthening of the EDJ, while the proposed storylines are able to capture the observedtrend. By integrating causal inference with climate storylines, our approach narrowsthe divide between attribution and prediction, offering a physically grounded methodto estimate plausible pathways of future climate change