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A fact finding survey on off-campus teaching practices for the nutrition teacher training course
Get PDF栄養教諭取得のための教育実習は5日間で実施され，栄養教諭志望者の全体数が少ないことから実習内容に関する情報が少ない。本研究では，栄養教育実習の実態を調べるため，実習校の状況，実習内容，実習前の準備を含めて，実習生１３人を対象とした自記式アンケート調査を実施した。調査結果から，実習校における栄養教諭在籍の有無により指導内容が異なることが明らかになった。研究授業のための指導案は，全ての実習生が実習校において大幅な指導訂正を受けることから，入念な事前準備が必要であることが示唆された。栄養教育実習前後の意識変化では，栄養教諭になりたくなったと回答した者が４人おり，実習の経験が栄養教諭を目指す意識に影響することが示唆された。資
Physical Properties of an Ionic Liquid Composed of Two Water-Soluble Vitamins and Enhanced Skin Permeation of Both Vitamins
Get PDFA highly viscous substance was prepared by evaporating an ethanol solution containing two hydrophilic vitamins; vitamin C, and vitamin B6. The viscous substance and physical mixture of the two vitamins were tested using a differential scanning calorimeter and an X-ray diffractometer. The highly viscous substance was found to be a liquid crystal (LC) made of these two hydrophilic vitamins. Determination by proton nuclear magnetic resonance measurement suggested that intramolecular hydrogen bonding in vitamin B6 was eliminated by the LC formation. This LC compound showed high solubility in 1,3-butanediol (almost 87%). Much higher skin permeation of both vitamin C and B6 was also observed from the LC compound than that from the physical mixture. The present LC compound containing vitamin C and vitamin B6 may be useful for pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical applications.10p. Article number: 427, Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution(CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Cannabidiol Content and In Vitro Biological Activities of Commercial Cannabidiol Oils and Hemp Seed Oils
Get PDFBackground: Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed contains high contents of various nutrients, including fatty acids and proteins. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychoactive compound that can be extracted from C. sativa and used for treating epilepsy and pain. Industrial hemp products, including CBD and hemp seed oils, have become increasingly popular. Some products are marketed without a clear distinction between CBD and hemp seed oils. Herein, the CBD content and biological activities of commercial CBD and hemp seed oils were examined. Methods: CBD content was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. For in vitro antioxidant activity determination, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical-scavenging assays were performed. Results: The CBD concentrations in the two CBD oil samples were 18.9 ± 0.5 and 9.2 ± 0.4 mg/mL. Of the seven hemp seed oil samples, six samples contained CBD in concentrations ranging from 2.0 ± 0.1 to 20.5 ± 0.5 µg/mL, but it was not detected in one sample. Antioxidant activity was observed in both CBD oil samples. Conclusions: The results indicate that (1) CBD content varied by hemp seed oil sample and that (2) antioxidant activity could be a useful landmark for discriminating CBD oils from hemp seed oils.Article No.57. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
The Double Mortgage of The Real Estate
Get PDF不動産の二重抵当について，民法上は対抗問題（民法177 条）として，刑法上は背任罪（刑法247 条）の成立要件である「他人の事務処理者」と「財産上の損害」の問題として議論されているが，未だその解明は十分ではないように思われる。そこで本稿は，不動産の二重抵当をめぐる刑事責任の有無などを解明するにあたり，それに関連する民事上の要件・効果を概観し，その妥当性を検討したものである。その結果，抵当権設定者は「他人の事務処理者」であること，抵当権設定者（X）が先に抵当権設定契約をした者（Y）よりも，あとからその契約をした者（Z）に先に抵当権設定登記をすることについて，X には背任罪が成立することが解明された。A double mortgage of the real estate means an act of an obligor (X) borrowing money from an obligor (Y) by mortgaging the real estate owned by X, and then borrowing money from the real estate after the registration of the establishment of the first mortgage has been completed for another obligor (Z), before X has completed the registration of the establishment of the mortgage for Y. However, this problem does not appear to be well understood.Therefore, in this paper, in order to clarify whether there is criminal responsibility for double mortgages of the real estate or not, we will outline the relevant civil requirements and effects, and examine their validity
Difficulty of Forecasting Management Forecasts and Accuracy of Management Forecasts
Get PDF本稿では，経営者による業績予想の難しさが業績予想の精度に与える影響について検証を行う。Bradshaw et al.（ 2016） に倣い，利益の質を測定する指標の 1 つである利益の予測可能性を業績予想の難しさの代理変数として用いる。検証結果によれば，利益の予測可能性が高いほど，経営者に公表される業績予想が正確である。また，追加分析では，業種，セグメントおよび上場市場・場部が業績予想に与える影響を解明している。これらの検証結果は，業績予想の難しさが業績予想の精度に影響を与えることを示唆し，新たな発見として経営者による業績予想に関する先行研究に貢献している。This paper aims to examine the effect of the difficulty of management forecasts on the accuracy of management forecasts. Following Bradshaw et al. （2016）, earnings predictability, which is one of the indicators for measuring earnings quality, is used as a proxy variable for the difficulty of forecasting management forecasts. According to the verification results, the more predictable the earnings are, the more accurate the announced management forecasts are. In addition, additional analysis reveals the impact of industries, segments, and listing departments on management forecasts. These verification results suggest that the difficulty of management forecasts affect the accuracy of management forecasts, and contribute to the previous research on management forecasts as a new finding
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Osteoclast Differentiation Is Suppressed by Increased O-GlcNAcylation Due to Thiamet G Treatment
Get PDFOsteoclasts are the only bone-resorbing cells in organisms and understanding their differentiation mechanism is crucial for the treatment of osteoporosis. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Thiamet G, an O-GlcNAcase specific inhibitor, on osteoclastogenic differentiation. Thiamet G treatment increased global O-GlcNAcylation in murine RAW264 cells and suppressed receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-dependent formation in tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinuclear cells, thereby suppressing the upregulation of osteoclast specific genes. Meanwhile, knockdown of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase promoted the formation TRAP-positive multinuclear cells. Thiamet G treatment also suppressed RANKL and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) dependent osteoclast formation and bone-resorbing activity in mouse primary bone marrow cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These results indicate that the promotion of O-GlcNAc modification specifically suppresses osteoclast formation and its activity and suggest that chemicals affecting O-GlcNAc modification might potentially be useful in the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis in future
Further Quantitative Structure–Cytotoxicity Relationship Analysis of 3-Styrylchromones
Get PDFBackground/Aim: Very few studies are available about the biological activity of 3-styrylchromones. Our previous study demonstrated the importance of methoxy group at 6-position of the chromone ring and hydroxyl group at 4’-position of phenyl group in styryl moiety. As a sequel of this study, we synthesized fourteen compounds that include eight 3-styrylchromones where methoxy group was introduced at 7-position of chromone rings, and then evaluated their tumor-specificity. Materials and Methods: Tumor-specificity (TS) was calculated by relative cytotoxicity against human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines versus human normal oral cells. Apoptosis induction and growth arrest were monitored by cell-cycle analysis. Quantitative structure–activity relationship analysis of TS was performed with 3,167 chemical descriptors. Results and Discussion: Two compounds, 7-methoxy-3-[(1E)-2-phenylethenyl]-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one [7] and 3-[(1E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-7-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one [14] showed higher tumor-specificity than doxorubicin and 5-FU, suggesting the importance of methoxy group in 7-position of the chromone ring. These compounds induced the apoptosis and mitotic arrest in HSC-2 cells. The tumor-specificity of 3-styrylchromone derivatives were most correlated with descriptors for molecule shape and electronic charge. The present study suggested that modification by introducing methoxy group at 7-position, instead at 6-position, further increased the tumor-specificity of 3-styrylchromone.Publisher permission grante