IR@CECRI
Not a member yet
2644 research outputs found
Sort by
Reaping the redox switching capability of vanadium in Li3V2(PO4)3/ HHC composite to demonstrate the rocking chair electrode performance
No full textThe study exploits the functional advantages of vanadium with variable oxidation states to extract
maximum energy from Li3V2(PO4)3/HHC composite containing human hair derived carbon. Vanadium,
present in the form of V3þ in Li3V2(PO4)3 stabilizes itself electrochemically as V4þ by forming LiV2(PO4)3
through oxidation in the potential range 3.0e4.5 V and as V1þ by forming Li7V2(PO4)3 due to the
reduction of V3þ into V1þ in the 0.01e3.0 V region, thus qualifying LVP as a rocking chair electrode. In
other words, Li3V2(PO4)3/HHC composite demonstrates itself as anode and as cathode for lithium-ion
batteries. Li3V2(PO4)3/HHC cathode exhibits ultra high capacity, excellent rate capability at 50C and retains
about 99% capacity up to 1000 cycles. As anode, Li3V2(PO4)3/HHC delivers a capacity of 428 mAh g�1
at 50 mA g�1 and tolerates 5 A g�1 condition up to 1000 cycles with a negligible capacity fade. The dual
electrode behavior of Li3V2(PO4)3/HHC may be attributed to the unique architecture of HHC that provides
high electronic conductivity, facilitates rapid diffusion of lithium ions and admits volume changes during
intercalation/deintercalation. More importantly, HHC is a cheap and eco-friendly carbon additive derived
from filthy human hair, which in turn offers ample scope for the commercial exploitation of title
electrode
Caesium �Methyl Ammonium Mixed-Cation Lead Iodide Perovskite Crystals: Analysis and Application for Perovskite Solar Cells
No full textThe present work addresses two important aspects; (i) crystalline formation of perovskites by fast
powder production method (FPP) in large scale and its corresponding analysis and (ii) fabrication of
mixed cation perovskite solar cells (PSC) by conventional one step method using inorganic copper (I)
thiocyanate (CuSCN) as hole transport material (HTM). In this work, we investigate a stable and
stoichiometrically variable Cs content in powdered MAPbI3 perovskites. For the first time, distinct
morphologies like porous sheets, nanorods and nanowires, tightly bonded grains and fibre structures are
collectively observed for the various concentrations of the Cs mixed with MAPbI3 by the FPP method,
which finds applications in optoelectronic, energy and memory devices. In place of using expensive
organic HTM, in this study, CuSCN is utilized as HTMs due to their cost and humidity resistance for the
application to solar cells. The highest efficiency so far attained using CuSCN HTM in CsxMA1-xPbI3
composite PSC is being discusse
RGO/ZnWO4/Fe3O4 nanocomposite as an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction
No full textDevelopment of low cost, environmental friendly and noble metal free catalyst materials with excellent performance is essential for commercialization. In fact, this is the need of the day too. Herein, we report a facile
microwave irradiation method for the synthesis of novel RGO/ZnWO4/Fe3O4 cathode catalysts for the oxygen
reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline medium. The structural and morphological features of synthesized materials are fully examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron
microscopy (HRTEM). The chemical composition and elemental analysis of the catalyst is investigated by X-ray
diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy techniques. Efficiency of
RGO/ZnWO4/Fe3O4 catalyst material for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in 0.1 M KOH is reported. The activity of catalyst is determined by linear sweep voltammogram (LSV) and rotating disk electrode (RDE) measurements in O2 saturated 0.1 M KOH electrolyte. RGO/ZnWO4/Fe3O4 catalyst exhibits higher ORR activity than
RGO, ZnWO4, RGO/ZnWO4 and its electrocatalytic performance is comparable to Pt/C material and is superior to it in stability and methanol tolerance. Further, it is determined that process follows a direct four electron reaction pathway. These combined results strongly signpost that RGO/ZnWO4/Fe3O4 composite can function as an economic noble metal free ORR cathode catalyst for energy applications
Electrocatalytic Investigation of Group X Metal Nanoparticles Loaded TiO2 Nanotubes Powder Prepared by Rapid Breakdown Anodization for Selective H2O2 Sensing
No full textAmperometric based hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor developed using a composite of Titania (TiO2) nanotubes (NTs) powder
individually loaded with Ni, Pd or Pt metal nanoparticles is reported. The bundles of TiO2 NTs powder prepared via rapid breakdown
anodization have a length of 5 to 6 μm and outer diameter of 20 to 25 nm. Sodium borohydride based reduction of chloroplatinic
acid and palladium chloride with the TiO2 NTs powder resulted in Pt/TiO2 and Pd/TiO2 composite materials. Ni/TiO2 composite
was prepared by mixing directly Ni nanoparticles (35 nm) and TiO2 NTs. The electrochemical performance of the Pt/TiO2, Pd/TiO2
and Ni/TiO2 electrodes exhibited better selectivity, sensitivity and wide linear range for the detection of the analyte H2O2, in
comparison with pristine TiO2 NTs powder. Among the composites, the Ni/TiO2 electrode exhibited high electrocatalytic activity
toward oxidation of H2O2 in 0.1 M NaOH solution. At an applied potential of +0.45 V vs. NCE, the Ni/TiO2 composite electrode
exhibits a linear dependence (R2 = 0.997) in the H2O2 concentration up to 3365 μM with a sensitivity of 5.3 μA mM−1 and detection
limit of 20 μM. In general, the Pt, Pd and Ni/ TiO2 nanocomposite electrodes exhibit better sensitivity to the detection of H2O2
Eco-friendly synthesis and morphology-dependent superior electrocatalytic properties of CuS nanostructures
No full textCopper sulfide with desired structure is of special interest for electrocatalytical application due to their
unique physicochemical properties, simple synthesis and less toxic in nature. In this study, simple and
eco-friendly (without using any template or surfactant) route for the fabrication of copper sulfide
nanostructure morphologies were tuned from cauliflower, microflower to nanoparticles inter-connected
network-like structures by changing the polarity of solvent medium during solvothermal synthesis.
However, to the best of our knowledge, no such kinds of special three types of CuS nanostructure with
excellent electro-catalytic properties using only H2O and C2H5OH as the solvents have been reported in
the literature. The as-prepared different CuS nanostructure was characterized using FE-SEM, HR-TEM,
XRD, XPS and cyclic voltammetry. This morphological alteration able to produce several precise
nanostructures with improved electrocatalytic properties that led to an excellent performance towards
enzymeless glucose oxidation. The CuS inter-connected nanoparticles modified electrode displayed a
synergistic effect towards the oxidation of glucose (ipa: 103
�
5 mA) when compared to that of cauliflower
(ipa: 68
�
3.7 mA) and microflower (ipa: 60
�
2.4 mA) modified electrode surfaces. Further, the CuS inter-
connected nanoparticles modified electrode showed a wide linear range (2.0
�
10�5�2.5
�10�3 M), high
sensitivity (1085 mA mM�1cm�2), low detection limit (2 mM), rapid response time (< 3s), good stability,
selectivity and reproducibility. The obtained sensing parameters based on CuS inter-connected
nanoparticles modified electrode were superior with many reports and also comparable with few
reports in the available literatures
High surface area bio-waste based carbon as a superior electrode for vanadium redox flow battery
Full text linkActivated carbon (AC) with high surface area (1901 m2 g�1) is synthesized from low cost bio-waste orange
(Citrus sinensis) peel for vanadium redox flow battery (VRB). The composition, structure and
electrochemical properties of orange peel derived AC (OP-AC) are characterized by elemental analyzer,
field emission-scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. CV results show
that OP-AC coated bipolar plate demonstrates improved electro-catalytic activity in both positive and
negative side redox couples than the pristine bipolar plate electrode and this is ascribed to the high
surface area of OP-AC which provides effective electrode area and better contact between the porous
electrode and bipolar plate. Consequently, the performance of VRB in a static cell shows higher energy
efficiency for OP-AC electrode than the pristine electrode at all current densities tested. The results
suggest the OP-AC to be a promising electrode for VRB applications and can be incorporated into making
conducting plastics electrode to lower the VRB cell stack weight and cost
[Co(salen)] derived Co/Co3O4 nanoparticle@carbon matrix as highperformance electrode for energy storage applications.
No full textCobalt/cobalt oxide nanoparticle-embedded in a carbon matrix was synthesized by one spot pyrolysis of
cobalt salen complex [Co(salen)] at 800 �C in an argon atmosphere. The X-ray diffraction studies
confirmed the presence of Co and Co3O4 in the carbon matrix. The SEM and TEM observations showed
the homogeneous distribution of the Co/Co3O4 grains on the carbon matrix. Cyclic voltammograms and
galvanostatic charge-discharge studies done on the CR2032 coin cell confirmed that the Co/Co3O4@-
carbon matrix was electrochemically active. A stable specific capacity as high as 1000 mA h g�1 has been
observed over 50 charge-discharge cycles at C/5 rate. It is believed that the carbon matrix acted both as a
spacer to accommodate volume changes during Li intercalation-deintercalation process and also as
conductive network leading to the excellent electrochemical performance of the Co/Co3O4@carbon
matrix. Further, supercapacitor studies revealed that a specific capacitance of 615 F g�1 at 1 A g�1 has
been exhibited by the Co/Co3O4@carbon matrix electrode in 1 M KOH with high Coulombic efficiency
(92%) as well as excellent cycling stability for 5000 cycles
High-performance Solid-state Hybrid Energy-storage Device Consisting of Reduced Graphene-Oxide Anchored with NiMn-Layered Double Hydroxide
No full textNanocomposites of nickel manganese layered double hydroxide (NiMn-LDH) and reduced grapheneoxide (rGO) with different loadings of rGO were synthesized by a simple solution-based in situ
crystallization process. The synthesized composites were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction
(XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron (FE-SEM) and
high-resolution transmission electron (HR-TEM) microscopic techniques, energy dispersive X-ray
analysis (EDX), and surface area and pore size analyses. The electrochemical activities of the NiMn-LDH/
rGO nanocomposites were examined in aq. KOH in a three electrode assembly. It turned out that the
composite of NiMn-LDH/rGO (NM/RG2) exhibited the highest electrochemical activity with excellent
stability when compared to other compositions as well as pristine NiMn-LDH and rGO. The large surface
area and enhanced conductivity due to the presence of the rGO in the NiMn-LDH/rGO composite are
responsible for such high electrochemical activity. A solid-state hybrid energy-storage device consisting
of NiMn-LDH/rGO composite as a positive electrode and rGO negative electrode exhibited the higher
energy and power densities. The proto-type hybrid energy-storage device assembled using NiMn-LDH/
rGO and rGO, was used to demonstrate the operation of a toy fan and a LE
Should Indian researchers pay to get their work published?
Full text linkPaying to publish is an ethical issue. During 2010–14, Indian researchers have used 488 open
access (OA) journals levying article processing charge (APC), ranging from US 2.4 million annually on APCs paid to OA journals and the amount would
be much more if we add APCs paid to make papers published in hybrid journals open access. It
would be prudent for Indian authors to make their work freely available through interoperable repositories,
a trend that is growing in Latin America and China, especially when funding is scarce.
Scientists are ready to pay APC as long as institutions pay for it and funding agencies are not
ready to insist that grants provided for research should not be used for paying APC
Highly conductive nano-silver textile for sensing hydrogen peroxide
No full textA promising field of research is developing on flexible conducting textiles. There are many multifunctional
applications, such as in wearable electronics, health monitoring, military, or as electrode surfaces in energy
conversion and storage systems (supercapacitors, battery and fuel cells). Silver nanoparticle embedded-viscose
fabrics produced by an electroless coating method have been demonstrated to give a resistance of 0.26 Ω cm−1
.
A glassy carbon electrode with nano-Ag textile disc attached (Ag-VF/GC) exhibits a selective electro catalytic
response towards H2O2 even in the presence of interferences like fructose, sucrose, glutamic acid, tartaric acid,
ascorbic acid, uric acid, nitrate, dopamine, and glucose. The modified electrode has shown a sensitivity of
35.97 μA mM−1 for hydrogen peroxide, with a detection limit of 13 μM across a wide linear range of 20 μM to
33 mM H2O2. The effects of the fabric morphological changes after sensing of peroxide was further investigated
using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and water contact angle studies