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Facile fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells utilizing carbon nanotubes grown over 2D hexagonal bimetallic ordered mesoporous materials
No full textHigh-surface area and well-ordered mesoporous Fe incorporated SBA-15 (Fe-SBA-15), FeeCr
incorporated SBA-15 (FeeCr-SBA-15) and Cr incorporated SBA-15 (Cr-SBA-15) catalysts are synthesized
following a controlled post synthesis grafting process. The activities of all the catalysts are tested
systematically and quantitatively towards the production of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by chemical
vapour deposition. In order to obtain CNTs with high quality and quantity, the parameters like
temperature, reaction time and gas flow rate are optimized. Under optimum conditions, the FeeCr-SBA-
15 catalyst is produced with high yield and uniform diameter of CNTs. The transmission electron
microscopy result reveals high purity and well-graphitized structure of CNTs. The synthesized CNTs are
used as counter electrode material for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The CNTs based counter
electrode shows good chemical stability, lower charge-transfer resistance and higher electrocatalytic
activity towards I3
�/I� redox reaction than that of platinum (Pt) counter electrode. The energy conversion
efficiency of the CNTs counter electrode based DSSCs reaches 8.86% under irradiation with a simulated
solar light intensity of 100mWcm�2. The results prove that CNTs are one of the suitable candidates for Pt
free counter electrode for DSSC
Quantitative estimation on delaying of onset of corrosion of rebar in surface treated concrete using sealers
No full textSurface treatment on the concrete surface using sealers reduces the rate of permeability
of chloride and moisture through the concrete. The delaying of onset of corrosion is evaluated for
surface treated and untreated concrete using electrochemical techniques. After conducting rapid
chloride permeability test (RCPT), using Nernst–Plank equation, the diffusion coefficient of chloride
(Deff) is calculated. Substituting threshold chloride concentration of rebar (Cth) from cyclic
polarization test in the ficks second law, the time to initiation of corrosion (Ti) is arrived. From
the results it is found that the treated concrete with alkyltrialkoxy silane sealer delays the onset
of corrosion by four times than that of untreated concrete
Regioselective anodic α-methoxylation of 2-oxazolidinone on boron doped diamond in acidic methanol medium
No full textFor the first time, anodic methoxylation of 2-oxazolidinone was investigated on boron doped diamond (BDD)
in CH3OH\H2SO4 medium. Voltammetric studies reveal that the 2-oxazolidinone gets oxidised at a potential
of 1.5 V vs. SCE on the BDD, whereas on the graphite, the anodic oxidation takes place in the potential region
of methanol oxidation. Galvanostatic electrolysis results in the formation of 4-methoxy-2-oxazolidinone
(MOD) as a single product in high yield on the BDD and multiple products, along with MOD on the graphite.
Generation of methoxy radical on the BDD was confirmed by Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy
Au–Pt graded nano-alloy formation and its manifestation in small organics oxidation reaction
No full textA graded nano-alloy of Au100_xPtx (x ¼ 7, 15, 23, 32, 40, 51, 62, 73 and 86) nanoparticles (NPs) formed by
co-reduction of HAuCl4 and H2PtCl6 and the details are presented in this work. Au100_xPtx NPs were
characterized using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption spectroscopy and transmission electron
microscopy (TEM). The NPs were dispersed in Vulcan carbon (Au100_xPtx/C) and annealed at 250, 400,
600 and 800 degree C. The as-formed and annealed materials were characterized using TEM, high resolution
transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The CV studies indicate excess Pt on the surface, which is
corroborated by XPS and HR-TEM results. The XRD data show that Vegard's law is obeyed by the asformed
material and the materials annealed at 250 and 400 degree C, indicating that these materials are not
nano-alloys. The studies clearly indicate that the formation of Au100_xPtx NPs is kinetically controlled
rather than being controlled by the thermodynamic stability. The results demonstrate the formation of
graded alloys of Au100_xPtx NPs. Pt excess in the graded nano-alloy is reflected favourably in the
electrochemical oxidation of small organics. In the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), the peak current
value per mg of Pt increases as a function of x, reaches a maximum value at x ¼ 23 and the ratio of
forward current to reverse current for MOR reached an unprecedented value of 6.7, which shows the
catalyst’s stability against poisoning by carbonaceous intermediate
Growth of carbon nanotubes over transition metal loaded on Co-SBA-15 and its application for high performance dye-sensitized solar cells
No full textHigh quality MWCNT material based counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were
fabricated using a novel route and their power-conversion efficiency was studied. Transition metals such
as Fe, Ni, V, Mn, Cr, Mo, Ru and Pd loaded on Co-SBA-15 molecular sieves were synthesized and tested
for the formation of MWCNTs at different temperatures (700–1000 �C) using a chemical vapour
deposition (CVD) method. This result showed that Fe/Co-SBA-15 and Ru/Co-SBA-15 systems are highly
suitable sources as catalysts for the growth of MWCNTs compared to other bimetallic systems. TEM and
Raman spectroscopy revealed that the synthesized MWCNTs were of high quality and well-graphitized.
The MWCNTs were applied to the counter electrode of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Cyclic
voltammetry measurements proved that the catalytic activity of the MWCNT coated electrode towards
I3
� reduction was significantly higher than that of the Pt coated electrode. Electrochemical impedance
measurement of the symmetric cell revealed that the charge transfer resistance of the MWCNT coated
electrode was less than that of the Pt coated electrode. Due to the low charge transfer resistance of the
synthesized MWCNTs, the DSSCs with MWCNTs as counter electrode gave better photoelectric
performance compared to DSSCs equipped with a conventional Pt counter electrod
Growth of well graphitized MWCNTs over novel 3D cubic bimetallic KIT-6 towards the development of an efficient counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells
No full textThe well graphitized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been effectively synthesized
over ordered 3D cubic bimetallic Fe–Co-KIT-6. The synthesized MWCNTs have
been successfully fabricated onto transparent conducting oxide glass and implemented
as efficient low-cost, platinum-free counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs),
attributing notably improved electrocatalytic activity towards iodide/tri-iodide ðI�=I�
3 Þ
redox transport over conventional Pt counter electrode. Impressively, device with
MWCNTs counter electrode demonstrates a high fill factor of 0.79 and power conversion
efficiency up to 9.56%, which is higher than 0.78 and 9.34% for that with a conventional
Pt counter electrode. Moreover, the synthesized MWCNTs counter electrode produces a
charge transfer resistance of only 2.99 X cm2 towards aqueous I�=I�
3 redox electrolyte,
which are several orders of magnitude lower than that of a typical Pt counter electrode
(3.57 X cm2). Therefore, the synthesized MWCNTs counter electrode is believed to be a
versatile candidate for further improvement of the power conversion efficiency of iodine
redox couple based DSSC
Metamorphosis of pathogen to electrigen at the electrode/electrolyte interface: Direct electron transfer of Staphylococcus aureus leading to superior electrocatalytic activity
No full textIn this paper, we report that Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the rumen fluid can display direct electron
transfer on carbon felt electrodes and exhibit enhanced microbial electrocatalysis towards the oxidation of
complex substrate like cellulose. The phenomena of direct electron transfer and electrocatalysis were investigated
in detail by cyclic voltammentry and chronoamperometry. The electron transfer was closer to perfect
reversibility with a peak separation value of only 7 mV at a scan rate of 50 mV/s. The enhanced microbial
electrocatalysis towards the oxidation of cellulose revealed the potential of the microorganism for application in
microbial fuel cells. The pure cultures of S. aureus produced an electrocatalytic current density of 1.4 mA/cm2 as estimated by long-termchronoamperometry for a cellulose concentration of 20 mM. To the best of our knowledge
we report for the first time the use of S. aureus for bioelectricity generation with cellulose as a sole source of
electron donor
Synthesis of 3D porous CeO2/reduced graphene oxide xerogel composite and low level detection of H2O2
No full textA novel synthetic approach has been designed to prepare CeO2/reduced graphene oxide
(rGO) xerogel composite. The CeO2/rGO xerogel composite electrode displays much
enhanced performance for the catalytic reduction of H2O2 than the single component CeO2.
The CeO2/rGO modified glassy carbon electrode displayed a wide linear range (60.7 nM –
3.0 μM), and low level of detection limit (30.40 nM) for H2O2 and much higher sensitivity
than that of CeO2 nanoparticles modified electrode. The sensor fabricated by the xerogel
composite was fast, stable, and reliable to the detection of hydrogen peroxid
Electrodeposition of Zinc From Low Temperature Molten Salt Electrolyte:Part I-Imidazole And Zinc-Chloride Electrolyte
No full textAbstract: Our R & D work was focused on the electro
deposition of Zinc from imidazole as low temperature molten
salt (LTMS) electrolyte with zinc chloride as a supporting
salt at <100º C., without required controls from the previous
existing non aqueous baths as well additive free system for
the zinc deposition. Surface morphological studies and
crystallographic orientation results were evaluated
Li4NiTeO6 as a positive electrode for Li-ion batteries
No full textLayered Li4NiTeO6 was shown to reversibly release/uptake B2 lithium
ions per formula unit with fair capacity retention upon long cycling. The
Li electrochemical reactivitymechanism differs from that of Li2MO3 and
is rooted in the Ni4+/Ni2+ redox couple, that takes place at a higher
potential than conventional LiNi1�xMnxO2 compounds.We explain this
in terms of inductive effect due to Te6+ ions (or the TeO6
6� moiet