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Studies on polymer modifiedmetal oxide anode for oxygen evolution reaction in saline water
No full textSince most of the water source onthe earth surface issaline innature,hydrogen generation from saline
water is ofgreat importance.Inthis paper,wehave developed amembrane protected anode,using
anionic backbone ofsulfonated polystyrene-block-(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene polymer
(S-PSEBS) over the anode (IrO2/Ti) which iscapable ofelectrostatically repelling the chloride ions (Cl)
from the electrode surface and thereby enhancing the oxygen evolution rather than the chlorine evolu-
tion. The electroche mical behavior ofboth polymer modifiedand bare IrO 2/Ti electrodes were characterized
by electroche mical polarization studies and the gas evolution efficiencieswere calculated.The
surface morpholog yofthe electrodes was investigated usi ngscanning electron microscope (SEM).The
results suggest that nearly 95%oxygen evolutio nefficiencycould beachieved when the surface of
IrO2/Ti electrode was modifiedwith apermselective membran
Carbon-supported Pt encapsulated Pd nanostructure as methanol-tolerant oxygen reduction electro-catalyst
No full textPt@Pd/C nanoparticle was prepared by the galvanic displacement reaction between Pt4þ
and Pd. A simple synthesis strategy was followed to prepare carbon-supported Pd nanostructure.
Pt modified Pd nanostructure on carbon was characterized by transmission
electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Cyclic Voltammetry
and Linear Sweep Voltammetry. Pt@Pd/C electro-catalyst exhibited higher catalytic
activity toward oxygen reduction reaction with excellent methanol tolerance than Pt/C.
Pt@Pd/C catalyst showed consistent catalytic activity before and after the durability study.
Higher methanol tolerance of Pt@Pd/C with less Pt content than Pt/C suggests that it could
be a potential alternative cathode electro-catalyst for DMFC
Synthesis of Bi2WO6 nanoparticles and its electrochemical properties in different electrolytes for pseudocapacitor electrodes
No full textNanosized Bi2WO6 particles were successfully synthesized by sonochemical method with an objective to
develop an inexpensive and eco-friendly electrode material for supercapacitors. The prepared material
was subjected to various thermal, structural, morphological, compositional, electrical and electrochemical
studies. Bi2WO6 nanoparticle with homogeneous distribution was achieved through sonochemical
process. The lattice parameter and atomic positions of Bi2WO6 structure were refined through Reitveld
analysis. The electrochemical performance of Bi2WO6 nanoparticles was investigated in various aqueous
electrolytes such as 1 M NaOH, 1 M LiOH, 1 M Na2SO4, 1 M KOH and 6 M KOH solutions. Among these,
the material exhibited an enhanced electrochemical performance in KOH electrolyte due to its smaller
hydration sphere radius, high ionic mobility and lower equivalent series resistance. The charge–discharge
studies rendered a specific capacitance of 608 F/g in 1 M KOH at a current density of 0.5 mA/cm2. Bi2WO6
exhibited an excellent coulombic efficiency and specific capacitance of around 304 F/g at 3 mA/cm2 in
the potential range from
−0.9 to 0.1 V vs Hg/HgO in 1 M KOH electrolyte. The above results assured that
Bi2WO6 could be utilized as suitable negative electrode material for supercapacitor applications and 1 M
KOH could be its desirable electrolyt
Quantitative estimation on delaying of onset of corrosion of rebar in surface treated concrete using sealers
No full textSurface treatment on the concrete surface using sealers reduces the rate of permeability
of chloride and moisture through the concrete. The delaying of onset of corrosion is evaluated for
surface treated and untreated concrete using electrochemical techniques. After conducting rapid
chloride permeability test (RCPT), using Nernst–Plank equation, the diffusion coefficient of chloride
(Deff) is calculated. Substituting threshold chloride concentration of rebar (Cth) from cyclic
polarization test in the ficks second law, the time to initiation of corrosion (Ti) is arrived. From
the results it is found that the treated concrete with alkyltrialkoxy silane sealer delays the onset
of corrosion by four times than that of untreated concrete
Electrosynthesis of Solid Tetra Ethyl Ammonium Tribromide (TEATB) in a Membrane Electrolyzer
No full textThe conventional method of bromination of organic compounds by direct handling
of liquid bromine is hazardous and environmentally unacceptable. Solid organic
tribromide compounds are substituted in the place of liquid bromine for bromination
reactions. Tetra ethyl ammonium tribromide (TEATB) was synthesized in an
electrochemical membrane electrolyzer with 80–82% current efficiency at 50�C
using IrO2=Ta2O5-coated titanium anode, nickel-expanded mesh cathode, and
Nafion 961 membran
Effect of benzyl alcohol and thiourea on electrodeposition of cadmium: electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study
No full textThe adsorption effect of the benzyl alcohol (BA) and thiourea (TU) on the electrodeposition of
cadmium from an acid sulphate bath has been studied by electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy (EIS). Maximum adsorption of additive was obtained in BA containing medium.
Results show that the adsorption increases when the concentration of the additives is increased.
The surface adsorption of the additives has lead to a decrease in the double layer capacitance
and to an increase in polarisation resistance. The adsorption process is a spontaneous one and
follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. From the impedance analysis, it is observed that
Cd–TU complexes inhibit the hexagonal like morphology revealed by SE
Shape-selective synthesis of non-micellar cobalt oxide (CoO) nanomaterials by microwave irradiations
No full textShape-selective formation of CoO nanoparticles
has been developed using a simple one-step
in situ non-micellar microwave (MW) heating
method. CoO NPs were synthesized by mixing
aqueous CoCl26H2O solution with poly (vinyl) alcohol
(PVA) in the presence of sodium hydroxide
(NaOH). The reaction mixture was irradiated using
MWfor a total time of 2 min. This process exclusively
generated different shapes like nanosphere, nanosheet,
and nanodendrite structures just by tuning the Co(II)
ion to PVA molar ratios and controlling other reaction
parameters. The proposed synthesis method is efficient,
straightforward, reproducible, and robust. Other
than in catalysis, these cobalt oxide nanomaterials can
be used for making pigments, battery materials, for
developing solid state sensors, and also as an anisotropy
source for magnetic recordin
Facile and controlled growth of SWCNT on well-dispersed Ni-SBA-15 for an efficient electro-catalytic oxidation of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid
No full textHigh-surface area and well-ordered mesoporous Ni incorporated SBA-15 (Ni-SBA-15) catalysts were
synthesized following a controlled post synthesis grafting process. The activities of these catalysts were
evaluated in the synthesis of uniform diameter single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) adopting high
temperature methane pyrolysis under atmospheric pressure. The characteristics of SWCNTs were confirmed
by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and
Raman spectroscopy. The TEM micrographs reveal that the SWCNTs were mostly entangled bundles
with diameters of about 2–3 nm. Raman spectra prove that the SWCNTs synthesized at 900 ◦C posses low
amount of amorphous/defected carbon with very low ID/IG ratio. The radial breathing mode Raman peaks
confirm the formation of SWCNTs of <3 nm diameter. SWCNTs modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE)
has been developed and tested in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution of pH 4.5. The SWCNTs/GCE exhibits
superior electro-catalytic activity toward ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). Moreover,
AA, DA, UA were oxidized separately at distinguishable potentials along with well defined peaks thereby
making possible for simultaneous determination of each compound
Surface Morphology and Microstructure of Zinc Deposit From Imidazole with Zinc Chloride Low Temperature Molten Salt Electrolyte in The Presence of Aluminium Chloride
No full textLow temperature molten salts have variety of applications
in organic synthesis, catalytic processing, batteries and
electrode position due to their air and water stability. They
have wide potential window for their applications in
voltage and temperature and hence there is a possibility to
deposit metals which could not be deposited from aqueous
electrolytes. Our aim and scope of our research was to
deposit zinc from low temperature molten salt electrolyte
(LTMS) containing zinc salt in the presence of aluminium
chloride at different current densities and to qualify the
nature of deposits. We could identify the effect of current
density on the deposit at low temperature molten salt
electrolyte by analysing the nature of deposits using
different instrumental techniques. Compact, adherent,
dense fine grained deposits of zinc with average grain size
of 40-150 nm could be obtained from low temperature
molten salt electrolyte. (LTMS
Effective Synthesis of Well-Graphitized Carbon Nanotubes on Bimetallic SBA-15 Template for Use as Counter Electrode in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
No full textThe fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using well-graphitized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a
counter electrode has been described in this study. The well-graphitized CNTs were synthesized at different temperatures (700,
800, and 900 °C) using bimetallic Fe-V catalyst supported on Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15). The molecular ratios
between the two metals were varied in the catalytic template, and their effect on the distribution of the synthesized CNTs was
studied. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the CNTs had higher electrochemical activity for the I3 −/I− redox reaction and a smaller charge transfer resistance than the platinum (Pt) electrode. Energy conversion
efficiency of the CNTs was compared with Pt counter electrode. These results indicated that the CNTs have high surface conductivity, high active surface area, and good catalytic activity and can potentially replace Pt as counter electrode for application in DSSC