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Development of an instrument to measure density and moisture content of snow
Get PDFThis paper presents design and development of a microcontroller-based instrument to measure snow moisture and density. This instrument makes use of λ/4 RF resonator for measuring complex dielectric coefficient of snow. Snow moisture and density were computed using empirical relation
Design and implementation of touch sensing technique for respiratory parameters of anaesthesia ventilator
Get PDFThis paper reports touch sensing technique of acquiring input control data from front panel knobs of ventilator using microcontroller 89C51, besides design and implementation of hardware and embedded system software associated with touch sense technique for respiratory parameters. Touch sense module developed is successfully tested and implemented in indigenously developed CSIO anaesthesia ventilator
FES supported sitting-standing-sitting of completely paraplegic patient
Get PDFPaper describes successful achievement of sitting standing function for a completely paraplegic patient by using a newlydeveloped four-channel FES stimulator. Microcontroller governs open loop control system for predefined and measuredstimulation parameters. Surface electrodes are used to give stimulation.
Kumar, Neelesh
Pankaj, Dinesh
Sharma, V K
Agnihotri, R C
Jindal, Rohi
Evaluation of normal gait using electro-goniometer
Get PDFA potentiometer-based electro-goniometer has been developed to measure knee angle of normal healthy individuals (5),who were instructed to walk slow, normal and brisk for walking distance of 17 m. Data acquisition and analysis on acquired datawere done using LabVIEW. For individuals with different physical parameters, it was found that frequency (steps/min) remains the same irrespective of varying velocities. Step length reduces as individuals walk without shoes
Health monitoring of steel and concrete structures using fiber Bragg grating sensors
No full textA fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensor was developed and investigated for health monitoring of civil structures. Strain produced through applying tensile load has been measured using indigenously developed FBG sensors bonded to mild steel and concrete cylinder specimen. A temperature compensation scheme was introduced and tested. The article describes experimental details of grating fabrication and their implementation as sensing element for structure
The effect of length of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) on the electrical properties of conducting polymer-SWNT composites
No full textDC conductivity of conjugated polymer-single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) composite films has been measured for different SWNT concentrations. The composite was prepared by dispersing SWNTs in the poly (3-octylthio-phene), P3OT matrix already dissolved in xylene. The conductivity of the composite films showed a rapid increase as the SWNT concentration increases beyond a certain value. This behavior is explained in terms of percolating paths provided by the SWNTs in the volume of polymer matrix. To investigate the effect of length of nanotubes on the percolation conductivity, different SWNT samples were employed with similar diameter but varying tube lengths. It was found that the conductivity of the composite films is strongly dominated by the length of the nanotubes. Lower percolation limit and high conductivity value of composite films is observed for longer nanotubes. Furthermore, the conductivity is observed to be dependent on the size of the host polymer molecule also
Structural, thermal and conductive properties of Bi4-xMxV2O11 (M = La, Gd; 0 <= x <= 0.4) compounds
No full textBi4−xMxV2O11 (M = La, Gd) was prepared by solid state reactions. The amount of La and Gd in the (Bi4−xMxV2O11) was varied in the range of (0 <= x <= 0.4). The addition of La and Gd to Bi4V2O11 electrolyte was found to stabilize the β crystalline phase for x ⩽ 0.3. In addition, the phase transition corresponding β- to γ-phases are evident in the ionic conductivity plots as well as in XRD, DSC profiles of x ⩾ 0.3 samples. The highest ionic conductivity was observed in Bi3.9La0.1V2O11 and Bi3.8Gd0.2V2O11 samples in the range of 10−3–10−4 S/cm for 700–500 °C. These results were supported by impedance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
Sinusoidal fringe projection system based on compact and non-mechanical scanning low-coherence Michelson interferometer for three-dimensional shape measurement
No full textWe report a sinusoidal fringe projection system based on superluminiscent diode (SLD) as a broad-band light source in conjunction with an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) as frequency tuning device for three-dimensional shape measurement. The present system is based on a compact low-coherence Michelson interferometer system. The conventional interferometric system was modified in which one side of the beam splitter was coated with aluminum oxide which is used as reference mirror. With this modified version, interference fringes can easily be obtained by simply placing the external mirror in contact on the other side of beam splitter. Sinusoidal fringes with multiple spatial-carrier frequency can be generated in real-time using the present system by means of changing the radio-frequency signal to AOTF electronically without mechanically moving any component in the system. The present system was tested by projecting the sinusoidal fringes on a step-like object and 3D shape of the object was reconstructed using Fourier transform fringe analysis technique. The main advantages of the proposed system are completely non-mechanical scanning, easy to align, high stability because of its nearly common-path geometry and compactness
Evidence of monoalkoxide species on the surface of palladium nanoparticles synthesized in ethylene glycol
No full textPalladium nanoparticles consisting of metallic cores and encapsulating shells serve as an intriguing catalytic model system. This investigation is aimed at enhancing our understanding of the surface composition of palladium nanoparticles synthesized in polyol and exploiting their encapsulating shells to understand the catalytic properties of the nanoparticles more rationally. We investigated the surface structure of palladium nanoparticles by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). FTIR spectra showed the presence of monoalkoxide species with tilted geometry. TGA further confirmed the presence of these species along with some adsorbed byproducts formed during the reaction. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) shows the presence of diffused negatively charged coatings on the surface of the nearly spherical nanoparticles
Synthesis, characterisation and electric properties of polythiophene composites with various amphoteric oxides
No full textThe present paper involves the synthesis of polythiophene (PTP) composites with different amphoteric oxides via in situ oxidative polymerisation procedure. These composites were characterised by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and SEM, which proves the successful chemical synthesis of PTP and its composites. Fourier transform infrared absorption peaks confirm the insertion of oxides in the backbone of PTP. Thermal analysis shows no change in thermal stability, unlike composites of PTP with other metal oxides, and hence rules out the application of these composites for higher temperature purposes. However, the composite materials have shown stability up to 200°C which ensures their use in low temperature applications. Both the oxides have changed the electrical conductivity of PTP. Polythiophene prepared which was found to be insulator initially has shown significant conductivity after doping with two amphoteric oxides. Sb2O3 has proven to be a better dopant for improving the conductivity as compared to TeO2