654 research outputs found
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Building Energy Management System Using Powerline communication
No full textEnergy conservation is an important aspect in today’s scenario. Many systems have been developed in order to capitalize the energy con-sumption and conserve the energy, so that the control over energy consumption can be greatly achieved. There are various costs associated with the mismanagement of energy in commercial buildings. Even with renewable energy sources for electricity, prices rarely decrease. The increasing availabil-ity and affordability of wireless building and home automation networks has increased interest in residential and commercial building energy manage-ment. This interest has been coupled with an increased awareness of the environmental impact of energy generation and usage. Although building-level automation has been around for more than 40 years, there is renewed interest in automation for residential and commercial sites, especially around smart buildings and a smart grid. Power line communication (PLC) is today a viable technology for both low speed and high speed networking. Hence, the aim of the project is implementing building automation system using Power Line Communication. This report describes the introduction to LonWorks networks and power line communication and power line communication protocols and comparison among different power line modules, the need and importance of power line communication testing followed by simple network development for monitoring and controlling the energy usage in Building Energy Management System
Quantitative phase-contrast imaging through a scattering media
No full textWe report a new technique for the recovery of quantitative phase and amplitude information of an object hidden behind a scattering medium. Two-point intensity correlation measurement together with digital holography principles are utilized for this purpose. The hologram information of the object and a reference beam is scrambled by the presence of a scattering medium in its path. A direct digital holographic recording of this scattered light does not lead to the reconstruction of actual object information. We propose the idea of recovering this hologram information from the spatially fluctuating field of a laser speckle pattern using the intensity correlation, and subsequently apply digital reconstruction of the hologram for recovery of quantitative phase and amplitude information of objects hidden by a random diffuser
Theoretical and Experimental Study of Long-Period Grating Refractive Index Sensor
No full textThis article presents the theoretical and experimental investigation of the response of long-period gratings as a refractive index sensor. Cladding modes are
calculated, and results are compared with Optigrating 4.2.2 (Optiwave Systems Inc., Ottawa, Canada). The response has been checked for refractive indices ranging from 1 to 1.458. Theoretically simulated results are in accordance with the experimental results. It was found that the software package calculated values correctly up to the seventh decimal point. The ambient refractive index response of a long-period grating over a much wider index range has been modeled for values both less and more than the cladding refractive index
Hand-Held Step-Scanning (HHSS) Device for Reading by the Blind
No full textA hand-held step-scanning device with interactive media controls for reading by the blind is developed. It uses an array of identical imaging modules with close focus lenses, all fitted in a chamber for convenient handling to suit panoramic imaging of a book or document. The step-scanning technique works in a language independent manner by, permitting continuity of multiple image-snaps with a minimum necessary step-overlap by automatic removal to provide seamless output. The continuity of scanning is achieved evolving two techniques for removing the overlapping using image or text based pattern searching. The results indicate that the device is suitable for reading by blind by integrating text-to-speech/Braille
Synthesis, characterization and bactericidal activity of silica/silver core-shell nanoparticles
No full textSilica/silver core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by coating silver NPs on silica core particles (size ~300 ± 10 nm) via electro less reduction method. The core-shell NPs were characterized for their structural, morphological, compositional and optical behavior using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and UV-Visible spectroscopy, respectively. The size (16-35 nm) and loaded amount of silver NPs on the silica core were found to be dependent upon reaction time and activation method of silica. The bactericidal activity of the NPs was tested by broth micro dilution method against both Bacillus subtilis (gram positive) and Escherichia coli ATCC25922 (gram negative) bacterium. The bactericidal activity of silica/silver core-shell NPS is more against E. coli ATCC25922, when compared to B. subtilis. The minimal inhibitory concentration of the core-shell NPs ranged from 7.8 to 250 μg/mL and is found to be dependent upon the amount of silver on silica, the core. These results suggest that silica/silver core-shell NPs can be utilized as a strong substitutional candidate to control pathogenic bacterium, which are otherwise resistant to antibiotics, making them applicable in diverse medical device
Synthesis and visible photocatalytic activities of a Au@Ag@ZnO triple layer core–shell nanostructure
No full textWe report a facile route for the synthesis of a Au@Ag@ZnO triple layer core–shell nanostructure with Au as core, Ag as intermediate layer and ZnO as an outer shell. The thickness and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak of the Ag shell of Au@Ag bimetal has been controlled by the concentration of AgNO3. In the Au@Ag@ZnO nanostructure two major absorption peaks were seen, one due to SPR of Au and other due to the combined effect of Ag and a ZnO layer. The photoluminescence study shows that the Au@Ag@ZnO has better charge separation compared to the ZnO and Au@ZnO nanostructure. The visible photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methyl orange dye was found to be much higher in the case of the Au@Ag@ZnO core–shell structure than ZnO or Au@ZnO or TiO2
Disease Forecasting and Pest Management for Indian Apple: An Application of ICT
No full textApple is one of the most widely cultivated fruit crops in region of northern hilly area of Jammu & Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh. In the present study a system is suggested and under development by authors using the information and communication technology (ICT) which predict the growth of various disease in Apple fruit like Apple scab, Marssonina blotch, Red mite pest etc. and communicate to farmers on their mobile about pre information of severity of disease so that they can easily handle the risk by pest management. This system provides solution to mitigate the disease risk. As an ICT tools different kind of wireless sensors, Data acquisition Card, computer, network protocol (TCP/IP), GPRS, GSM mobile communication module and web interface protocol were used to design the complete forecasting system. Growth of apple disease and pests are highly dependent on various environmental parameters like temperature, Relative humidity (RH), wind velocity/direction, and leaf wetness duration that were measured by particular sensors and using prediction model the infection of index was calculated which tells about severity of risk and this information are sent to farmers and also to the server located at far away from field using GPRS (General packet radio service). This ICT application consist both hardware and software phase to extract the information about the risk and this processed information is shared on web page which can be easily accessible from every corner of the world
Quantitative phase-contrast imaging through a scattering media
No full textWe report a new technique for the recovery of quantitative phase and amplitude information of an object hidden behind a scattering medium. Two-point intensity correlation measurement together with digital holography principles are utilized for this purpose. The hologram information of the object and a reference beam is scrambled by the presence of a scattering medium in its path. A direct digital holographic recording of this scattered light does not lead to the reconstruction of actual object information. We propose the idea of recovering this hologram information from the spatially fluctuating field of a laser speckle pattern using the intensity correlation, and subsequently apply digital reconstruction of the hologram for recovery of quantitative phase and amplitude information of objects hidden by a random diffuser
Warning System for European Redmite Using Beta Model
No full textEuropean red mite is a serious problem of apple in
Himachal Pradesh. At present more than 80 % orchards have
been found infested with European red mite. It sucks cell sap from leaves which resulted into poor quality of fruits. Present studies were undertaken to see the effect of environmental factors e.g. temperature and relative humidity on the buildup of mite population in the apple trees at RHRS, Mashobra. The predicted optimum temperature and relative humidity was calculated by using Beta model is 21.45oC and <85% respectively. Since from the last few years regional observation and experimental database on prediction of pest attack on crop about infection index correspondence to above mentioned
environmental parameters was prepared using software Microsoft EXCEL. After that from collected data a mathematical prediction model was developed using the MATLAB as software tool. A generalized form of Beta model was provided to best fit in the data. The value of R2 we observed for eggs and motiles was 82.8 and 84.5 respectively
Bioconjugation of MOF-5 for molecular sensing
No full textZn-BDC (BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate acid) or more commonly known as metal organic framework (MOF-5) was synthesized via chemical stirring method and bioconjugated with anti-bovine serum albumin (anti-BSA) through pendent group. The pendent group of organic linker on surface of MOF-5 has been activated via EDC (1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide) based simple organic reaction and then bioconjugation of anti-BSA was achieved. Bioconjugation of anti-BSA on to MOF-5 has been used to study the interaction with BSA based on their fluorescence properties. Fluorescent microscopy revealed successful interaction of anti-BSA with BSA onto MOF-5 surface. In addition, BSA conjugated MOF-5 showed no loss of enantioselectivity and structure stability. Photoluminescence quenching of the developed probe was demonstrated to observe the presence of BSA