Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Journal
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From Shock to Strength: Psychological Capital Mediates the Impact of Reverse Culture Shock on Distress
Full text linkReverse Culture Shock (RCS) is a psychosocial challenge experienced by individuals returning to their home country after participating in a program abroad. This study aims to examine the effect of RCS on psychological distress, with psychological capital acting as a mediating variable.This research employed a quantitative survey design and utilized Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) for data analysis. Data were collected using the DASS-21 scale, the Psychological Capital (PsyCap) scale, and the Reverse Culture Shock scale. The population consisted of 1,980 awardees of the 2023 Indonesian International Student Mobility Awards (IISMA), with a sample of 316 students selected through random sampling.
The results revealed that RCS had a significant negative effect on psychological capital (β = -0.427; p < .001) and a significant positive effect on psychological distress (β = 0.348; p < .001). Psychological capital also had a significant negative effect on psychological distress (β = -0.368; p < .001). Furthermore, a partial mediation effect of psychological capital was found in the relationship between RCS and psychological distress (β = 0.157; VAF = 31.1%; p < .01). These findings suggest that higher levels of RCS are associated with greater psychological distress, but psychological capital can buffer this negative impact. The study highlights the importance of psychological interventions that strengthen internal psychological resources to support re-adaptation after cross-cultural experiences.
Mental Health Literacy and Mental Help-Seeking Intention among Female Healthcare Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study
Full text linkMental health literacy is regarded as a significant factor influencing an individual's intention to seek professional psychological help when confronted with mental health issues. The elevated psychosocial risks inherent to the profession of healthcare work render these individuals particularly susceptible to mental health issues, with a higher prevalence observed among females. This study aims to assess the relationship between mental health literacy and mental help-seeking intention among female healthcare workers, and to explore potential associations between sociodemographic characteristics and these variables. Methods: A total of 140 female healthcare workers were surveyed. The data collection instrument included socio-demographic characteristics, Mental Health Literacy (MHL), and Mental Help-Seeking Intention Scale (MHSIS) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, Pearson correlation, simple and multiple linear regression. The results showed that mental health literacy showed a significant positive correlation with mental help-seeking intention (r = 0.395, p < 0.001). Simple linear regression indicated MHL significantly predicted help-seeking intention (β = 0.395, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression controlling for age, tenure, and marital status confirmed MHL remained a significant predictor (β = 0.375, p < 0.001). However, Kruskal-Wallis tests found no significant differences in variables by socio-demographic factors (p > 0.05). The findings highlight the importance of mental health literacy in influencing an individual’s intention to seek professional help. Although socio-demographic factors showed no significant effect, mental health literacy remains a key factor in addressing mental health issues among female healthcare workers
Post - Divorce Traumatic Stress and the Christian Soul: A Psycho-Theological Approach to Inner Healing
Full text linkDivorce often results in profound emotional and spiritual turmoil, especially for Christians who view marriage as a divine covenant. This qualitative study explores the post-divorce traumatic experiences and inner healing processes of five Christian individuals using a psycho-theological approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 5 participants using purposive sampling technique. The findings reveal recurring themes of spiritual disorientation, emotional distress marked by guilt and loss of identity, and a journey toward healing facilitated by personal faith, prayer, scripture reflection, and support from faith communities. Participants described both theological struggle and spiritual resilience, highlighting the significance of integrating psychological and spiritual frameworks in trauma recovery. This study contributes to pastoral care and Christian counseling by offering insights into the inner transformation that follows relational breakdown. It underscores the importance of faith-based coping mechanisms in navigating post-traumatic stress within a Christian worldview
Athlete Self-Efficacy Scale Indonesian Version Using Bayesian Confirmatory Factor Analysis: Construct Validity Testing
Full text linkSelf-efficacy is a psychological construct that plays a crucial role in athletic achievement, as it reflects athletes’ belief in their ability to face challenges in both training and competition. This study aimed to examine the construct validity of the Athlete Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES) in the Indonesian context. A Bayesian-based Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) approach was applied to data from 316 athletes (158 male, 158 female) representing 33 sports disciplines across 21 provinces. The results confirmed that a four-factor model—Sport Discipline Efficacy, Psychological Efficacy, Professional Thought Efficacy, and Personality Efficacy—provided the best fit (BRMSEA = 0.073, BCFI = 0.926, BTLI = 0.910, BNFI = 0.881), indicating strong construct validity and good reliability. These findings demonstrate that the Indonesian version of ASES is a valid and adaptable measurement tool for assessing athletes’ psychological resources. However, this study has several limitations, including its cross-sectional design, the absence of measurement invariance testing, and the relatively homogeneous cultural background of participants, which may restrict generalizability. Future studies should adopt longitudinal designs and test invariance across gender, age, and sport types to strengthen the instrument’s applicability. Despite these limitations, the validated scale carries significant social implications, offering coaches, sport psychologists, and policymakers a culturally relevant tool to design interventions, enhance athlete development programs, and foster mental resilience in Indonesian athletes
The relationship between gratitude and social support with psychological well-being among university students
Full text linkMany university students encounter academic challenges that may lead to elevated levels of stress and anxiety, potentially indicating low psychological well-being. This study aims to examine the relationship between gratitude and social support with psychological well-being among university students. A total of 120 participants were selected using a cluster random sampling technique. The study employed a correlational quantitative research design, utilizing three standardized instruments: the Gratitude Scale, the Social Support Scale, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS version 27.0. The primary hypothesis testing revealed a significant correlation, with a coefficient of determination R = 0.795 and p = 0.000 (p < 0.01), indicating a strong and statistically significant relationship between gratitude, social support, and psychological well-being. For the first sub-hypothesis, the partial correlation coefficient was 0.327 with a significance level of p = 0.000 (p < 0.01) and a beta value of 0.380, suggesting a significant positive relationship between gratitude and psychological well-being. The second sub-hypothesis showed a partial correlation coefficient of 0.380, a significance level of p = 0.000 (p < 0.01), and a beta value of 0.451, indicating a significant positive relationship between social support and psychological well-being. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that gratitude and social support collectively contribute to 63.2% of the variance in psychological well-being. These results underscore the importance of fostering gratitude and enhancing social support among university students to promote greater psychological well-being
A quantitative study of the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between social support and subjective well-being in middle adulthood
Full text linkSubjective well-being is a crucial indicator of an individual's quality of life, particularly during middle adulthood a developmental stage marked by increased vulnerability to psychological stress due to life transitions. This study aims to examine the effect of social support on subjective well-being among middle-aged adults, employing a mediation model in which self-esteem functions as the mediating variable. Utilizing a quantitative approach with path analysis, data were collected from 384 middle-aged individuals aged 40–60 years residing in DKI Jakarta, selected through purposive sampling. The findings reveal that social support has a significant impact on subjective well-being, both directly and indirectly through the mediation of self-esteem. These results underscore the critical role of self-esteem in mediating the relationship between social support and subjective well-being during middle adulthood
Characterization and dissolution test of recrystallized mefenamic acid by fast cooling methods
Full text linkMefenamic acid, classified as a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II drug, exhibits high permeability but low dissolution rates, limiting its bioavailability. This study aims to enhance the dissolution rate of mefenamic acid through crystal structure modification using fast cooling recrystallization with three distinct solvents: acetone (AMA), ether (AMEt), and ethyl acetate (AME). The recrystallized crystals were characterized using advanced techniques, including polarized microscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), alongside solubility and dissolution testing. Recrystallization yielded crystals with varied morphologies and sizes, achieving high crystal yields of 92.66% (AMA), 85.54% (AMEt), and 94.59% (AME). FTIR analysis revealed that AME crystals exhibited stronger OH bonding, indicated by the highest peak intensity. XRD diffractograms demonstrated distinct peak patterns at specific 2θ positions for AME crystals, suggesting internal structural changes (polymorphism) while maintaining identical chemical composition. DSC thermograms further confirmed variations in melting points between recrystallized crystals and pure mefenamic acid. Dissolution tests revealed that recrystallized mefenamic acid exhibited significantly improved solubility and dissolution rates compared to its pure form. These findings highlight that rapid cooling recrystallization can produce mefenamic acid polymorphs with optimized dissolution properties, potentially enhancing its pharmacological performance and also provides a promising approach to improving the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs, offering significant implications for pharmaceutical formulation development
Utilization of chicken eggshell in body scrub formula with rosella extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn) to improve skin moisture
Full text linkChicken eggshells contain calcium carbonate, which can function as an exfoliating agent for dead skin cells in the epidermis. Rosella flower contains anthocyanins, which maintain skin moisture through their antioxidant activity. This study aimed to create a body scrub formula combining chicken eggshell and rosella extract, which provides a moisturizing effect on the skin. The study began with the preparation of chicken eggshell powder and rosella flower extract. The body scrub formulation combines eggshell powder and rosella extract with different concentration variations: F1 10%:0.5%, F2 10%:1.0%, and F3 10%:1.5%. The formula was evaluated and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and freeze-thaw stability test were carried out. Irritation test was conducted on rabbits. The occlusive test was conducted in vitro using filter membranes, and a moisture test was performed on 15 volunteers over 28 days using a skin analyzer. The evaluation results show that the formula is cream-colored, homogeneous, semi-solid, with a pH of 6 and a spreadability of 4 cm. Stability tests result showed that the formula was stable in terms of organoleptic properties, although a pH increase was observed. FTIR characterization showed no new interactions formed in the formula. The irritation test showed that the formula does not cause irritation. The occlusive test indicates that the formula retains water vapor for up to 48 hours. The moisture test results show that the formula can moisturize the skin by 60% on the 16th day, with the Mann-Whitney test yielding a p-value of 0.728 for F2 compared to the control. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the body scrub formula combining chicken eggshells and rosella extract effectively moisturizes the skin and does not cause irritation
Management of psychological distress in adolescents through cognitive-behavioral group therapy
Full text linkPsychological distress among adolescents is increasingly widespread and is characterized by symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress. Academic pressure, complex social dynamics, and exposure to digital media are considered key triggers. Psychological distress can disrupt development, lower academic achievement, and potentially lead to more serious mental disorders in adulthood. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for adolescents with psychological disorders. The research employed a quantitative quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest design, without a control group. Participants consisted of eight adolescents, all aged 13, who experienced psychological distress. Psychological assessment procedures included interviews, behavioral observations, and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-10 (K-10), which was used to assess subjects' baseline psychological distress. The stages of the CBT group intervention included orienting the patients, identifying maladaptive thoughts and beliefs, challenging these maladaptive thoughts and beliefs, behavioral activation, problem-solving, and relaxation techniques. Data were analyzed using a dependent-samples t-test to assess changes in psychological distress, along with an analysis of interview data comparing participants' narratives before and after the intervention. The findings revealed a significant reduction in psychological distress scores, with participants demonstrating positive changes in thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, particularly in themes related to academic achievement, social issues, and family dynamics. The study suggests that CBT group therapy can serve as a practical psychological support strategy within the community to promote improved mental health among adolescents. Future research should include control groups to enhance the generalizability of the findings
Mental health literacy as a determinant of help-seeking behavior among university students
Full text linkUnderstanding help-seeking behavior among Indonesian university students is essential, as it reflects how they navigate academic and psychological challenges within a cultural context that often discourages open discussion of personal difficulties. Strengthening mental health literacy plays a crucial role in this process, as greater awareness and knowledge about mental health can reduce stigma and empower students to seek appropriate support when needed. This study examines the relationship between mental health literacy and help-seeking behavior among university students. A total of 268 participants were recruited using purposive sampling. Employing a quantitative approach, the research utilized standardized psychological instruments, namely the Inventory of Attitudes toward Seeking Mental Health Services and the Multicomponent Mental Health Literacy Measure. Findings from the Pearson product-moment correlation analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of r = 0.381 with a p-value of < 0.001, indicating a statistically significant positive association between mental health literacy and students’ propensity to seek psychological help. Additionally, mental health literacy contributes 14.5% to the explanation of help-seeking behavior. These findings suggest that enhancing students’ mental health literacy could meaningfully encourage their willingness to seek help. Universities may therefore consider integrating mental health education into student development programs to promote more proactive help-seeking behaviors