Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Journal
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Utilization of purple sweet potato synbiotic drink as a source of lactic acid bacteria exopolysaccharides for immunomodulation
Get PDFImmunomodulators, such as exopolysaccharides (EPS), can be found in products processed through lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation. Purple sweet potatoes have the potential to be used as ingredients for making synbiotic drinks because of the high content of oligosaccharides. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of purple sweet potato synbiotic drinks in improving the immune system in vivo. The experiment was conducted on male mice (Balb-C, 12 weeks old, 25±5 g BW) which were given purple sweet potato synbiotic drink for 14 days with doses of A1, A2, and A3 (50, 100, 150 mg/kg BW) given once a day. On the 14th day, the mice were induced with S. aureus bacteria given intraperitoneally (1 mL, 108 cfu/mL). The immunomodulation-related parameters measured were phagocytic activity, the number of lymphocyte cells, and the relative spleen weight of mice. The results showed that the synbiotic drink of purple sweet potato (A1, A2, and A3) can increase phagocytic activity and lymphocyte cell count and have a significant effect on relative spleen weight (p<0.05). The higher the dose of synbiotic drink, the higher the phagocytic activity and the number of lymphocyte cells, and the smaller the relative spleen weight of the mice
Na-CMC and glycerine optimization in Binahong leaf extract (Anredera cordifolia) liposome gel and its burn wound healing activity
Get PDFBurns represent a critical global health issue, contributing to considerable morbidity and mortality rates, particularly within the Southeast Asian region. The administration of appropriate burn therapy is essential to prevent infections and promote effective wound healing. The binahong leaf (Anredera cordifolia) represents a highly promising natural substance for burn therapy, attributed to its ursolic acid content, which is acknowledged for its wound healing properties. However, the limitation caused by its limited solubility and bioavailibility requires the use of nanoparticle technology, such as liposomes, to enhance its efficacy. The aim of this research was to determine an optimal formulation of gel containing liposome-encapsulated binahong leaf extract, with the goal of promoting burn wound healing and examining its in vivo wound healing activity. Histological analysis was employed to provide additional insights into the activity of the gel. The formulation was assessed through a factorial design, exploring various amounts of Na-CMC utilized as a gelling agent alongside glycerine employed as a humectant. The results were subsequently analyzed utilizing Design Expert v13 software. The gel’s viscosity, spreadability, and uniformity were assessed. Na-CMC increased viscosity while reducing spreadability, whereas glycerine had the opposite effect. The optimal formulation contained 2.78–4 g Na-CMC and 5–10 g glycerine. Statistical validation confirmed the model's accuracy. In vivo studies demonstrated that liposomal binahong gel significantly accelerated burn wound healing compared to controls. The results suggest that 10% binahong liposomal gel is a promising alternative for burn treatment
Integration of Pixy2 Camera Sensor and Coordinate Transformation for Automatic Color-Based Implementation of a Pick-and-Place Arm Robot
Get PDFTechnology related to robotics has developed rapidly in recent years. In manufacturing production lines, an industrial pick-and-place robot is used to efficiently move objects from one location to another. In most approaches, this robot automates the repetitive task from one exact start position. However, the task of collecting objects from various positions in the robot workspace still introduces challenges in terms of object positional detection and movement accuracy. In this paper, an arm robot system equipped with automatic color-based object recognition and position control was proposed. The robot was able to detect multiple target object positions automatically without any need to plan a fixed movement beforehand. In the construction of the experiment platform, a Pixy2 camera sensor with color recognition ability was integrated into a 4-DoF Dobot Magician arm robot. Furthermore, a coordinate transformation was derived and implemented to achieve an accurate positional robot movement. The coordinate transformation performed a mapping from the Camera Coordinate System (CCS), which was initialized from image pixel values to the Robot Coordinate System (RCS), which was finalized to the robot’s actuator input signals. Prior to the implementation, the robot underwent a color calibration and position calibration. Thereafter, a set of color signatures was obtained and any object position in the camera’s field of view can be matched with any end-effector position in the robot’s workspace. Three experiment setups were conducted to evaluate the proposed system. Limited to one lighting condition, the robot was commanded to pick-and-place objects based on the criteria of all 3 colors, 1 specific color, and 2 specific colors. The robot performed perfectly to pick and place the objects, achieving a 100% success rate in terms of object color detection and pick-and-place. The positive results encouraged further investigation in different actuator actions and greater work areas
Workers with Disabilities Personal Growth Initiative: The Contribution of Family Functioning and Work Empowerment
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The study analyzed the relationship between family functioning and work empowerment on personal growth initiative among workers with disabilities. It involved 244 participants selected through purposive sampling, focusing on active workers across various sectors. The researchers utilized Likert scales to measure family functioning, work empowerment, and personal growth initiative, ensuring reliability with Cronbach's Alpha (α > 0.8). Normality and linearity assumptions were met before analysis. Multiple regression analysis results showed a significant relationship (F = 32.521, p < 0.01), indicating that family functioning and work empowerment explained 21.3% of the variation in personal growth initiative (R² = 0.213). These findings highlighted the importance of family support and workplace empowerment in promoting personal growth for workers with disabilities, suggesting a need for inclusive policies and support programs to enhance their quality of life.
The Role of Positivity in Enhancing the Relationship Between Social Support and Subjective Well-being
Get PDFUniversity students often encounter various academic and personal challenges that may affect their psychological functioning. Subjective well-being is a crucial psychological resource that helps individuals cope with these challenges. Among the key factors influencing subjective well-being are social support and positivity. This study examines the moderating role of positivity in the relationship between social support and subjective well-being. Using a quantitative correlational design, data were collected from 416 university students through three validated instruments: the Social Support Scale, the Positivity Scale, and the Subjective Well-being Scale. The data were analyzed using moderated regression analysis. Results revealed that social support and positivity were positively and significantly associated with subjective well-being. Moreover, positivity significantly moderated the relationship between social support and subjective well-being. The simple slope analysis shows that at a high positivity level (+1 SD), the estimated effect of social support on subjective well-being was 0.296 (SE = 0.0344, Z = 8.62, p < 0.001). This shows that positivity strengthens the relationship between social support and subjective well-being
Exploring the Subjective Well-Being of Mothers Raising Children with ADHD: A Mediation Model of Resilience, Parenting Self-Efficacy, and Social Support
Get PDFMothers of children with ADHD face complex parenting challenges that directly impact their subjective well-being (SWB). This study aims to examine the influence of parenting self-efficacy (PSE) and social support on SWB, with resilience serving as a mediating variable. A quantitative approach with a causal-comparative design was applied, and data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). A total of 419 mothers of children with ADHD enrolled in inclusive elementary schools in Surabaya were selected through purposive sampling. The results revealed that PSE did not have a direct effect on SWB but showed a significant indirect effect through resilience. Similarly, social support did not directly influence SWB, but indirectly contributed to it via increased resilience. These findings suggest that resilience plays a central role as a psychological mechanism linking internal (PSE) and external (social support) resources to maternal well-being. This study offers practical contributions for developing family-based psychological interventions that prioritize resilience enhancement, as well as theoretical contributions by modeling multivariate relationships among psychological constructs in the context of neurodivergent families
Husband-Wife Interaction, Social Support, Work-Family Balance, and Marital Satisfaction Among Female Teacher Families with Toddler-Aged Children
Get PDFMarital satisfaction can be influenced by the quality of husband-wife interaction and the availability of social support. This quantitative study aims to examine the effects of husband-wife interaction, social support, and work-family balance on the marital satisfaction of female elementary school teachers with children under five years old in Bogor City. A total of 179 respondents participated in this study, consisting of 83 public and 96 private elementary school teachers. Data were collected through structured interviews and questionnaires. The analysis employed an independent sample t-test, correlation analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), and path analysis using Smart Partial Least Squares (SmartPLS). The findings revealed significant differences in husband-wife interaction and work-family balance between public and private school teachers. Additionally, husband-wife interaction, social support, and work-family balance were significantly correlated with marital satisfaction. Furthermore, husband-wife interaction and social support were found to have a significant effect on marital satisfaction. These findings suggest the need for the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia to re-evaluate the workload and responsibilities assigned to both public and private school teachers, particularly those with young children, in order to support a more optimal work-family balance and enhance marital satisfaction
The Influence of an Islamic Values-Base Father Training Program on the Social Skills of Preschool Children
Get PDFThe active involvement of fathers in child-rearing has a positive impact on a child’s developmental process, including their future mental health. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of a Father Training Program on the social skills of preschool children. The study was conducted in two preschools in Purwokerto using a pretest-posttest control group experimental design. Both the experimental and control groups consisted of 40 preschool children, with their fathers from different preschools. The Father Training Program was implemented over a period of twelve weeks solely for the fathers in the experimental group, while the control group did not receive any training. Data on children’s social skills were gathered by preschool teachers before and after the implementation of the Father Training Program using the Social Skills Assessment Scale (SSAS). The data were analyzed using one-factor covariance analysis (ANCOVA) and t-tests. The results indicated a statistically significant difference between the control and experimental groups in terms of the children’s social skills (p < 0.01); however, the difference between the post-test and retention test mean scores within the experimental group was not significant, suggesting that the effects of the Father Training Program were sustained over time. This finding confirms that training programs, including those focusing on fatherhood, exert a positive influence on children’s social competencie
Depression Detection on Social Media X Using Hybrid Deep Learning CNN-BiGRU with Attention Mechanism and FastText Feature Expansion
Get PDFDepression is a global mental health disorder affecting over 280 million people, with significant challenges in identifying sufferers due to societal stigma. In Indonesia, the National Adolescent Mental Health Survey in 2022 revealed that 17.95 million adolescents experience mental health disorders, with a portion of them suffering from depression. Social media platform X offers an alternative for individuals to share their mental health status anonymously, bypassing societal stigma. This study proposes a hybrid deep learning model combining CNN and BiGRU with an attention mechanism, TF-IDF for feature extraction, and FastText for feature expansion to detect depression in Indonesian tweets. The dataset comprises 50,523 Indonesian tweets, supplemented by a similarity corpus of 151,117 data. To optimize model performance, five experimental scenarios were conducted, focusing on split ratios, n-gram configurations, maximum features, feature expansion, and attention mechanisms. The main contribution of this research is the novel integration of FastText for feature expansion and the attention mechanism within a CNN-BiGRU hybrid model for depression detection. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of this combination, with the BiGRU-ATT-CNN-ATT model achieving an accuracy of 84.40%. However, challenges such as handling noisy, ambiguous social media data and addressing out-of-vocabulary words remain. Future research should explore additional feature expansion techniques, optimization algorithms, and approaches to handle noisy data, improving model robustness for real-world applications in mental health detection
CFO-RetinaNet: Convolutional Feature Optimization for Oil Palm Ripeness Assessment in Precision Agriculture
Get PDFAccurate ripeness assessment of oil palm fruit bunches (FFB) is critical for optimizing yield and quality in the palm oil industry, yet manual grading remains subjective and labor-intensive. This study proposes CFO-RetinaNet, an enhanced RetinaNet framework integrating deformable convolutions and hybrid attention mechanisms to optimize multi-scale convolutional features for robust ripeness classification under variable field conditions. Our key contribution is threefold: (1) a novel dataset of 4,728 high-resolution, expert-annotated FFB images spanning five ripeness stages (Immature to Decayed), collected under diverse lighting and occlusion scenarios in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia; (2) a feature optimization pipeline combining adaptive feature fusion and dynamic focal loss to improve discriminative capability for nuanced inter-class distinctions; and (3) a scalable deep learning solution validated through rigorous field testing. The model achieves a mean average precision (mAP) of 83.6% and an F1-score of 98.3%, outperforming YOLOv5 (82.5% mAP) and Faster R-CNN (76.4% mAP), with 18.5% fewer misclassifications than standard RetinaNet. It retains 99% accuracy in low-light conditions and reduces labor costs by automating error-prone grading tasks. By publicly releasing the dataset and framework, this work advances precision agriculture standards, offering a transferable solution for ordinal maturity classification in perennial crops while supporting sustainable palm oil production through optimized harvesting decisions