Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Journal
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Ethnobotany of traditional games in kapuas hulu regency as a source of biology learning
Get PDFTraditional games are a valuable resource for studying biology. Traditional games in Kapuas Hulu, such as bamboo toy guns (Dendrocalamus asper), wooden spinning tops, and necklace toys made from cassava stems (Manihot esculenta), illustrate how simple tools and plant-based materials are utilized in play activities. The purpose of this study is to identify the plants used in traditional games, the specific plant parts involved, and the potential of these games as learning tools for secondary and high school biology education. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method, including observation, interviews, and documentation. A total of 45 traditional games were examined, involving 29 different plant species. Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) and cassava (Manihot esculenta) were among the most frequently used plants in these games. The study found that traditional games hold high potential as biology learning resources, with a score of 99.47%
Pengembangan Multimedia Pembelajaran Menggunakan Articulate Storyline 3 Materi Statistika
Get PDFMultimedia pembelajaran statistika dengan menggunakan articulate storyline 3 dikembangkan pada penelitian ini sebagai solusi untuk mengoptimalkan penguasaan materi statistika yang hingga kini masih dipandang rumit dan kurang diminati. Pengembangan multimedia ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan tahapan Research and Development (R&D) menggunakan Borg and Gall yang meliputi empat tahapan, yaitu: 1) Penelitian dan Pengumpulan Data, 2) Perencanaan Produk, 3) Pengembangan Produk, dan 4) Validasi Produk. Proses perencanaan dimulai dengan mengumpulkan materi, menyusun flowchart, dan desain tampilan menggunakan articulate storyline 3, serta integrasi berbagai media seperti gambar, suara, dan simulasi. Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa multimedia pembelajaran ini memperoleh penilaian sangat valid dari penilaian ahli materi dengan nilai rata-rata 81,67% dan dari ahli media dengan nilai rata-rata 84,3%. Berdasarkan wawancara bersama guru, Multimedia ini sangat dibutuhkan dalam mengoptimalkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa terhadap materi statistika. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pengujian kepraktisan dan efektivitas lebih lanjut, serta penyempurnaan konten dan aktivitas interaktif supaya keterlibatan siswa semakin meningkat. Dengan demikian, multimedia pembelajaran menggunakan articulate storyline 3 materi statistika dinyatakan layak dan berpotensi besar sebagai multimedia pembelajaran yang bisa meningkatkan mutu kegiatan pembelajaran matematika di sekolah
Analisis Model Epidemik Penyakit Campak Dengan Mempertimbangkan Vaksinasi
Get PDFKasus penyakit campak di Indonesia masih terus terjadi tiap tahunnya. Pemerintah Indonesia masih terus mengkampanyekan gerakan vaksinasi campak pada anak-anak usia dibawah 15 tahun. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model epidemik penyebaran penyakit campak dan kestabilan dari sistem serta bagaimana pengaruh vaksinasi terhadap jumlah individu dari setiap kelas. Dari sistem model diperoleh dua titik kesetimbangan, yaitu bebas penyakit dan endemik kemudian mencari bilangan reproduksi dasar menggunakan metode Next Generation Matrix dan melakukan simulasi numerik menggunakan metode Runge-Kutta. Hasil analisis menyimpulkan titik ekuilibrium bebas penyakit stabil asimtotik jika R_0<1 yang memberi makna penyakit campak dalam waktu yang akan datang akan semakin berkurang dan titik ekuilibrium endemik stabil asimtotik jika R_0>1 yang memberi makna penyakit campak akan tetap ada pada populasi dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Laju proporsi orang yang tervaksinasi yang diperbesar dapat berpengaruh dalam menurunkan tingkat penyebaran penyakit campak
The influence of perceived values on intentions to use halal cosmetics among engineering students at Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta: partial least squares-structural equation modeling
Get PDFThe Ministry of Industry of the Republic of Indonesia has emphasized the importance of cosmetics as an essential need due to the increasing awareness of the general population. Various values, including functional, conditional, emotional, social, epistemic, and religious, influence individuals in selecting cosmetics, particularly halal cosmetics, given Indonesia's predominantly Muslim population. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the adoption of halal cosmetics among students of the Faculty of Engineering at Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta. This research employs a non-experimental quantitative design using a survey method with a cross-sectional approach and a questionnaire as the primary instrument. The sample consists of 137 students who use halal cosmetics, selected through purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria, namely active students who have used or are currently using halal cosmetics. Data analysis was conducted using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach. The PLS-SEM analysis revealed that functional, conditional, emotional, and epistemic values have a positive and statistically significant influence on the usage of halal cosmetics, with p-values of 0.089, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.004, respectively. In contrast, social and religious values showed no significant relationship with halal cosmetics usage, with p-values of 0.706 and 0.374, respectively. Therefore, this study concludes that the adoption of halal cosmetics among students of the Faculty of Engineering at Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta is primarily driven by functional, conditional, emotional, and epistemic values rather than social or religious values
Acute oral toxicity test and determination of lethal dose (LD50) of Garcinia forbesii King leaf extract in wistar rats
Get PDFGarcinia forbesii King, an endemic plant from Sumatra and Kalimantan, is traditionally used for treating skin infections and inflammation. Its potential use as a raw material for medicines needs to be supported by safety tests. The purpose of this study is to assess the acute toxicity of its 70% leaf extract in male Wistar rats, evaluating clinical symptoms, body weight changes, organ indices, and the lethal dose (LD50). The study administered extract doses orally at 5 (G2), 50 (G3), 300 (G4), and 2,000 (G5) mg/kg BW, monitoring toxicity signs over 14 days. Symptoms such as piloerection, respiratory distress, and soft feces were noted. Significant weight loss was observed at doses of 2,000 mg/kg BW. There was no significant effect on the kidney index, but the liver and heart indices exhibited significantly lower changes compared to the control. The LD50 value was estimated to be between 2,000-5,000 mg/kg BW. Further studies are recommended to assess histopathological effects and identify harmful chemicals in the plant
The phytochemical and antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Laportea decumana and Laportea aestuans
Get PDFPlants have been an important medicinal resource for centuries, offering a rich source of bioactive compounds used in traditional and modern medicine. This study aims to analyze the comparison between Laportea decumana and Laportea aestuans, focusing on the two main aspects, phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity. The extraction of the maceration process uses ethanol 96% as the solvent at room temperature for 72 hours. The qualitative phytochemical analysis uses HCl and FeCl3 0.1% reagents to determine flavonoids and phenolic compounds, respectively. The quantitative analysis of total flavonoid content is measured using colorimetric AlCl₃ method, while the determination of phenolic compounds is performed by the Folin-Ciocalteu. The diffusion method is used to determine the antibacterial activity. The 96% ethanol extract of L. decumana leaves has higher flavonoids (69.4 mg GAE/g extract) than phenolics (55.1 mg QE/g extract). However, the L. aestuans has higher phenolic content (55.3 mg QE/g extract) than flavonoids (35.3 mg GAE/g extract). The antibacterial test using agar diffusion method shows that both extracts inhibited the growth of pure strains of E. coli ATCC and S. aureus ATCC, with different potencies. The L. decumana extract showed 1.5 times stronger activity than the L. aestuans extract on the growth inhibitory activity against E. coli bacteria. The results show that the relationship between the antibacterial activity and the phytochemical profile against E. coli is strong but weak against S. aureus
Solution Stirring Design Using Magnetic Stirrer on DC Motor with PLC-Based PID Method
Get PDFAlong with the development of the times, the industrial and manufacturing world also develops. One of the activities that is widely carried out in the industrial and manufacturing world is stirring production raw materials, either in the form of solutions or liquids. The purpose of the stirring process is to get a perfectly mixed (homogeneous) stirring. For this reason, a device is needed that can stir the solution as desired. One type of tool that can be used is a magnetic stirrer placed on a DC motor. However, when the DC motor is given a load, the DC motor tends to become unstable so a controller is needed. To solve this problem used PID controller. PID controllers use control constants in the form of PB, Tick, and Tdk. To obtain the controlling constant, a process of trial and error is carried out. The most stable results obtained from the testing process were PB = 600%, Tik = 1.2 s, and Tdk = 0.2 s. With system response in the form of rise time 0.7778 s, peak time = 5s. settling time 5.4286 s, overshoot = 2.8571 RPM and steady state error = 0%. The setpoint used is 700 RPM with a sampling time of 60 ms. The developed system successfully achieves stable and well-controlled stirring. The results of this research contribute to the improvement of solution stirring processes in the industrial and manufacturing domains. The developed system can be effectively utilized for stirring solutions, enhancing the efficiency and quality of production processes
Physical Stability and Antioxidant Peel-Off Kefir Mask Arachi (Arachis Hypogaea L)
Get PDFThe fermented product sector can produce kefir for use in cosmetic preparations. Kefir has weak storage stability and strong antioxidant properties, making it a suitable raw material for cosmetic formulations. The purpose of this study is to determine the best concentration of peanut kefir in Peel-off mask Arachi through antioxidant activity and physical stability during seven cycles of room temperature storage and freeze-thaw (4±2ºC and 40±2ºC). Using the DPPH method based on the IC50 value, the antioxidant activity test was conducted. It was retested after 7 cycles or 28 days. At ambient temperature and freeze-thaw temperature, organoleptic tests, pH, adhesion, and spreadability were conducted in cycles ranging from 0 to 7. The peel-off kefir mask preparations with F1 (0.5%), F2 (1%), and F3 (2%), concentrations created a homogeneous, viscous preparation that was stable at room temperature and freeze-thaw stable for seven cycles, according to the results. In terms of the pH test, the sample showed a drop in pH following storage, stable adhesion for up to seven cycles. However, for F1, the adhesion was not stable in either scenario. With a significant activity category, the formula's antioxidant activity also declines in IC50 values. Therefore, it can be said that even though the peel-off mask preparation changed after storage in a few different ways, it still falls short of the threshold in terms of the physical characteristics of the cosmetic preparation
The nature of fairness in contracts: An electronic contract perspective
Get PDFIntroduction to the Problem: The development of information technology has given rise to various types of electronic contracts in the form of adhesion contracts. Unfair legal issues surround the contract formation process and the content of new electronic contract models, such as browser wrap agreements and sign-in wrap agreements. In several cases that have been decided by the Court, the panel of judges has its own standards for deciding disputes based on a fair electronic contract.
Purpose/Study Objectives: This paper aims to elaborate on the nature of contractual fairness from an electronic contract perspective.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employed the statute approach and the case approach. This research examines various regulations relating to agreements, electronic contracts, the doctrine of unconscionability and examizing a number of decisions pertaining to electronic contracts from courts in Indonesia as well as various other nations.
Findings: The research results can be concluded that nature of fairness in electronic contracts can be tested through two indicators, the process of forming the contract and clauses in the agreement. Electronic contracts are considered procedurally unfair if the weak party does not know and realizes that they are bound by a contract. An electronic contract is considered substantively unfair if a clause in the contract places an unreasonable burden on the weaker party. In addition to the doctrine of unconscionability, the principles of transparency, duty to read, and reasonable expectation must also be used to ensure fairness in electronic contracts. These principles need to be formulated into the norms of the Indonesian Information Transaction Act to protect consumers from unfair contracts.
Paper Type: Research Articl
Adolescent-Mother Communication, Self-Control and Internet Use as Predictors of Psychological Well-Being among Indonesian Adolescents
Get PDFPrevious studies have found that problematic internet use (PIU) among teenagers may lead to anxiety, fear of missing out (FOMO), and social withdrawal, all of which can negatively impact their psychological well-being. However, limited research has explored the combined role of adolescent–mother communication and self-control as protective factors in this relationship, particularly in the Indonesian adolescent population. This study aims to examine the influence of adolescent–mother communication, self-control, and PIU on the psychological well-being of adolescents. The research was conducted in South Tangerang City using a random sampling technique, involving 321 junior and senior high school students. Participants were adolescents aged 13–18 years who lived with their biological parents and reported using the internet for more than six hours per day. The instruments used included the Parent–Adolescent Communication Scale by Barnes and Olson, the Brief Self-Control Scale by Tangney, the Problematic Internet Use Scale by Boubeta et al., and the Short Version of the Psychological Well-Being Scale by Ryff. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS version 3.0. The findings revealed the following: (1) Adolescent–mother communication in the "openness" dimension had a direct, significant, negative effect on problematic internet use. (2) Communication in the "problems" dimension did not have a direct effect on PIU but had an indirect effect mediated by self-control. (3) Problematic internet use had a direct, significant, negative impact on adolescents’ psychological well-being. These results underscore the crucial role of adolescent–mother communication and self-control in mitigating the negative impact of problematic internet use on adolescent psychological well-being