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Children with LGBQ parents, gender development and identity
No full textBook synopsis: The SAGE Encyclopedia of LGBTQ Studies, 2nd Edition will be a broad, interdisciplinary product aimed at students and educators interested in an interdisciplinary perspective on LGBTQ issues. This far-reaching and contemporary set of volumes is meant to examine and provide understandings of the lives and experiences of LGBTQ individuals, with attention to the contexts and forces that shape their world. The volume will address questions such as: What are the key theories used to understand variations in sexual orientation and gender identity? How do LGBTQ+ people experience the transition to parenthood? How does sexual orientation intersect with other key social locations (e.g., race) to shape experience and identity? What does LGBTQ+ affirmative therapy look like? How have anti-LGBTQ ballot measures affected LGBTQ people? What are LGBTQ+ people’s experiences during COVID-19? How were LGBTQ+ people impacted by the Trump administration? What is life like for LGBTQ+ people living outside the United States?
This encyclopedia will be a unique product on the market: a reference work that looks at LGBTQ issues and identity primarily through the lenses of psychology, human development, and sociology, and emphasizing queer, feminist, and ecological perspectives on this topic. Entries will be written by top researchers and clinicians across multiple fields—psychology, human development, gender/queer studies, sexuality studies, social work, nursing, cultural studies, education, family studies, medicine, public health, and sociology—contributing to approximately 450-500 signed entries. All entries will include cross-references and Further Readings
Why are we waiting? The five-week wait for Universal Credit and food insecurity among food sector workers in the UK
Get PDFThe UK’s new social security benefit, Universal Credit, is driving up food insecurity. Particularly problematic is the five-week wait for the first payment. Meanwhile, low wages and insecure contracts mean many food sector workers rely on Universal Credit. This qualitative study explores the effects of the five-week wait on food security among these workers. The findings show this is forcing them to depend on family, friends and foodbanks, inducing shame and isolation, and negatively impacting their physical and mental health. Meanwhile, working in the food sector offers little or no protection from these effects and, in some cases, exacerbates them
The replication database: documenting the replicability of psychological science
Get PDFIn psychological science, replicability — repeating a study with a new sample achieving consistent results (Parsons et al., 2022) — is critical for affirming the validity of scientific findings. Despite its importance, replication efforts are few and far between in psychological science with many attempts failing to corroborate past findings. This scarcity, compounded by the difficulty in accessing replication data, jeopardizes the efficient allocation of research resources and impedes scientific advancement.
Addressing this crucial gap, we present the Replication Database (https://forrt-replications.shinyapps.io/fred_explorer), a novel platform hosting 1,239 original findings paired with replication findings. The infrastructure of this database allows researchers to submit, access, and engage with replication findings. The database makes replications visible, easily findable via a graphical user interface, and tracks replication rates across various factors, such as publication year or journal. This will facilitate future efforts to evaluate the robustness of psychological research
Off and on stage interactions: Muslim-Jewish encounter in urban Europe
Get PDFDrawing on ethnographic and interview-based research in six cities
(Berlin and Frankfurt in Germany, London and Manchester in the UK and Paris and Strasbourg in France), this article explores intercultural, interethnic and interreligious encounter as exemplified by Jewish-Muslim interaction. We look at three sites across the cities: “staged” encounters which take place in formal interfaith and municipal settings, and “unstaged” encounters in public and commercial spaces, both often relying on the role of key “entrepreneurs of encounter”, who tend to occupy liminal or marginal spaces in relation to their ascribed identities. We show that the texture and the possibilities (and sometimes
impossibility) of encounters are structured intersectionally (crucially by class and by generation), and shaped by patterns of insecurity and securitisation and by different available discursive repertoires and cognitive frames (produced at supra-national, national, local and micro-local levels – e.g. Israel/Palestine politics, laïcité or communitarianism, city narratives and neighbourhood identities respectively). Although insecurity, securitisation, policy panic and geopolitical pressures can block meaningful encounter, emerging transdiasporic cultural formations point towards some fragile resources for hope
Public procurement to address biodiversity loss: a first attempt at European mapping
Get PDFMission-oriented research projects have become fashionable, and they are often suggested as an appropriate policy tool to foster scientific and technological activities. But how do they operate? And are they effective?
The purpose of this article is not to reintroduce a debate on the importance of demand-side versus supply-side policies. Rather, we simply consider the use of demand-side policies as an additional tool to promote innovative policies that can complement existing supply-side measures, with a particular focus on biodiversity issues.
To this aim, the use of a particular tool of demand-side policies, public procurement for innovation, is investigated at the European level.
Public procurement at the European level is a large component of GDP, estimated at 15%. But the percentage drops dramatically when identifying the innovation component and even more so when analysing the use of public procurement related to the purchase of R&D services and its use in biodiversity issues.
Preliminary findings suggest that this tool is still underutilised in Europe, especially in Italy, and the tenders analysed show a suboptimal use compared to their real potential. Rather than promoting the development of new technological solutions for addressing biodiversity issues, tenders are used by public agencies to procure consulting services as well as support for data acquisition and environmental monitoring.
Taking into account certain European experiences, some policy recommendations are proposed, especially for the Italian case, which mainly concern the need to improve the skills of public procurers and to introduce spending targets for innovative tenders
A meta-analysis of pharmacological and psychosocial interventions aiming to improve work-relevant outcomes for adults with ADHD.
Get PDFObjective. Evaluate and compare the efficacy of pharmacological and psychosocial interventions on work-relevant outcomes, such as time management and productivity, for adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Method. A meta-analysis that searched 12 databases. Included studies had a control group and an outcome measure related to workplace functioning or addressing time management/organisation. Studies included intervention groups with 52% men and a mean age of 33.2 years. We evaluated studies using the random effects model and summarised standardised mean difference. We assessed sensitivity, publication bias, and risk of bias.
Results. We evaluated the efficacy of 23 studies, including 3,835 participants. Overall, pharmacological (d = .19) and psychosocial (d = .56) interventions were more efficacious at improving work-relevant outcomes than control. Treatment with Methylphenidate was the only robust effect comparing the pharmacological interventions. For psychosocial interventions, cognitive behavioural therapy showed the most robust effect. There was evidence of heterogeneity, hence findings need to be interpreted with caution.
Conclusions. Findings suggest that combining pharmacological and psychosocial interventions may be useful for improving work related outcomes. However, we contend that these need to be designed with transferability to the workplace in mind. For example, improving organization skills in workplace settings
Longest common extensions with wildcards: trade-off and applications
Get PDFWe study the Longest Common Extension (LCE) problem in a string containing wildcards. Wildcards (also called "don't cares" or "holes") are special characters that match any other character in the alphabet, similar to the character "?" in Unix commands or "." in regular expression engines. We consider the problem parametrized by G, the number of maximal contiguous groups of wildcards in the input string. Our main contribution is a simple data structure for this problem that can be built in O(n (G/t) log n) time, occupies O(nG/t) space, and answers queries in O(t) time, for any t ∈ [1 .. G]. Up to the O(log n) factor, this interpolates smoothly between the data structure of Crochemore et al. [JDA 2015], which has O(nG) preprocessing time and space, and O(1) query time, and a simple solution based on the "kangaroo jumping" technique [Landau and Vishkin, STOC 1986], which has O(n) preprocessing time and space, and O(G) query time. By establishing a connection between this problem and Boolean matrix multiplication, we show that our solution is optimal up to subpolynomial factors when G = Ω(n) under a widely believed hypothesis. In addition, we develop a new simple, deterministic and combinatorial algorithm for sparse Boolean matrix multiplication. Finally, we show that our data structure can be used to obtain efficient algorithms for approximate pattern matching and structural analysis of strings with wildcards. First, we consider the problem of pattern matching with k errors (i.e., edit operations) in the setting where both the pattern and the text may contain wildcards. The "kangaroo jumping" technique can be adapted to yield an algorithm for this problem with runtime O(n(k+G)), where G is the total number of maximal contiguous groups of wildcards in the text and the pattern and n is the length of the text. By combining "kangaroo jumping" with a tailor-made data structure for LCE queries, Akutsu [IPL 1995] devised an O(n√{km} polylog m)-time algorithm. We improve on both algorithms when k ≪ G ≪ m by giving an algorithm with runtime O(n(k + √{Gk log n})). Secondly, we give O(n√G log n)-time and O(n)-space algorithms for computing the prefix array, as well as the quantum/deterministic border and period arrays of a string with wildcards. This is an improvement over the O(n√{nlog n})-time algorithms of Iliopoulos and Radoszewski [CPM 2016] when G = O(n / log n)
Language and (Trans)nationalism
No full textLanguage has always been entangled in vernacular-cosmopolitan visions. Transnational modes of transformation in the 21st century cannot, therefore, be understood without a close examination of changing ideals of linguistic legitimacy, their entanglement in politics of listening and embodied knowledges of the “listener.” A close examination of these developments enables us to see how language has been historically linked to modernity, rationality, technology, and society, and how an ideal of standard language ideology emerged in relation to particular politics of modernity and history of colonial legacy. This in turn has shaped the global order and contributes to social inequalities worldwide. To search for strategies for “understanding how time and space feel” and get transformed through interactions between the material and the social in the 21st century, research focuses on scale-making practices among transnational individuals and groups, their embodied enactments and entanglement in network cultures and specific rearrangements of materials. By doing so, it highlights sociolinguistic research’s capacity to counter unequal expectations in transnational space. Collected evidence promotes a holistic study of discourse, where recognition of changing research possibilities, positionalities, ecologies of media, and aesthetics may enable a better understanding of the continual processes of political linguistic figuration, see all communication as care, and study how its multiple readings are embedded in theory, politics, and technology
Capitalism, austerity and Fascism
Get PDFThere is a strong resonance between events of the inter-war years and today. These include a questioning of laissez-faire capitalism and austerity, and the rise of so-called “populist” parties on both the left and right. Clara Mattei’s (2022) The Capital Order: How Economists Invented Austerity and Paved the Way to Fascism thus makes an interesting contribution, by locating the key argument of her book in the febrile period of European history between the wars. According to Mattei, the First World War disrupted the pre-war capitalist system to such an extent that it created a crisis of capitalism, itself. As a result, following the end of hostilities, there was a conscious effort to restore the pre-war “capital order” by means of a technocratic “austerity strategy”; and this was strongly linked to the rise of fascism. We argue that the inter-relationship between capitalism, austerity and fascism during the 1920s and 1930s was rather more complex, and that to make sense of this, it is necessary to broaden the focus beyond Italy and Great Britain and the international financial conferences at Brussels (1920) and Genoa (1922). Otherwise, we risk misunderstanding and mis-diagnosing our own times, as those inter-war politicians, financiers and economists discovered to their cost. We therefore also include Germany and the United States and base our analysis on the events of the entire inter-war period
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