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Reading field diaries against the grain: the notable and the absent in Syrian archaeology
Get PDFBefore standardised context forms, before section drawing, and before photography, archaeology was recorded in field notebooks. Field diaries are perhaps the archetypal archaeological document both in the field and in the archive, and they persist in various contemporary forms as a key means of recording. Drawing on archaeological field diaries made in Syria during the French Mandate, in particular those of Clark Hopkins at Dura-Europos and Harald Ingholt at Palmyra, this article looks to the inclusions, elisions, and absences in archaeological field notebooks, and asks whether it might be possible to re-examine the history of Mandate-era archaeology in Syria through them
Editorial Perspective: The paradox of precision health in early development – building large samples to yield individual-level measures
Get PDFPrecision health refers to the use of individualised biomarkers or predictive models to provide more tailored information about an individual's likely prognosis. For child psychiatry and psychology, we argue that this approach requires a focus on neurocognitive measures collected in early life and at large scale. However, the large sample sizes necessary to uncover individual-level predictors are currently rare in studies of neurodevelopmental conditions in early childhood. We recommend two strategies going forward: first, including neurocognitive measures in new national cohort studies, and second, synergising measures and data across currently funded longitudinal studies
Working prisoners in the USA: laws, policies, and practical realities
Get PDFThis briefing examines the law, policy, and practice of prison work in the United States, focusing on Arizona, California, and Texas. It provides a comprehensive analysis of work and employment training opportunities for prisoners in these states, contextualised within recent trends in their prison populations and in the legal framework governing prison labour. The briefing explores how different levels of custodial security affect access to work opportunities and examines relevant case law and state-specific approaches. Recent policy developments are linked to penal cultures and prison population trends. The briefing suggests that prison work in these states primarily subsidises state institutions rather than enabling exploitation for private profit, with most work involving prison maintenance or producing goods for public sector use. Despite low labour costs, many prison industries struggle for economic viability. The analysis highlights a lack of reliable, comprehensive data on prison work, hindering thorough analysis and informed policymaking. Areas requiring further research include the specifics of 'prison housework', long-term outcomes of prison work, and implications of penal policy shifts. The briefing aims to contribute to evidence-based policy reforms that can improve outcomes for prisoners while addressing broader societal concerns about justice and rehabilitation
Even the rain feels better
Get PDFDr Ben Gidley shares his own reflections on the Centre for Urban and Community Research from the 30th anniversary event in May 2024 and on Michael Keith, amongst others’ influence on CUCR
Times of unreasons’s many unhappy returns
Get PDFNumerous treatises have been written on how reason is the core concept of philosophy, at least of Western philosophy from the Enlightenment onwards. What that Enlightenment is may be disputed. Adorno, for one, uses the term to “describe the general trend of Western demythologization that may be said to have begun in Greek philosophy with the fragments of Xenophanes that have come down to us.”
This disenchantment comes through in Kant’s efforts to “translate the forms inherent in reason into absolutes without reference to anything that is not identical with or inherent in them.” This qual- ifies “Kant’s supreme critical intention” as “in tune with that of the Enlightenment.”
In one way or another, reason installs itself, is installed and endeav- ours to explain the world and people. Adorno speaks of a Cartesian ambition, which would wish to pin down items of knowledge’ and identify them like things, “photographable.
开放获取成为学术图书出版新模式 (Open access becomes a new model for academic book publishing)
No full text作为方兴未艾的开放科学运动的一部分，开放获取学术图书显得相对不为人所注意。开放获取学术图书可以为学术界乃至人类社会带来什么益处？这项议题表现出哪些独特的动态，使之与其他开放科学活动既有联系又有区别？如何合理应对其潜在的风险？开放获取学术图书的浪潮发展到了哪个阶段，未来又将如何发展？这些问题值得关注。为了回答这些问题，本报记者采访了相关学者。
[As part of the burgeoning open science movement, open access academic books have gone relatively unnoticed. What benefits can open access academic books bring to academia and even human society? What unique dynamics does this issue exhibit that both connect and differentiate it from other open science activities? How to reasonably deal with its potential risks? At what stage has the wave of open access academic books reached, and how will it develop in the future? These issues deserve attention. In order to answer these questions, our reporter interviewed relevant scholars.
A precondition for justice: political listening, feminism and sexual violence
Get PDFQuestions of speech, silencing and injustice have long been central to feminist understandings of sexual violence, and activism around it. Listening, and its relationship to justice, in contrast, remains under-explored by feminist scholars and activists. In this article, I argue for a feminist politics of listening as an essential precondition for justice around sexual violence. I argue that feminist engagements with listening have tended to be limited to questions of belief but that this is inadequate for a just practice of listening. Instead, I call for the development of a feminist listening public that engages in active practices of both attentive listening in for the details and nuances of survivor speech and listening out to unheard and marginalised voices. It is only within the context of collective political labour around listening, I suggest, that we can begin to develop a just politics around sexual violence
"‘No TV programme is made about boring magistrates’ cases’: revisiting the ‘ideology of triviality’ in magistrates’ justice"
Get PDFMagistrates’ courts in England and Wales deal with around 95 per cent of cases from start to completion, with many cases heard by lay magistrates. Despite this reliance on both the lower courts and decision-making by lay adjudicators, it has been repeatedly argued that magistrates’ justice receives little attention. McBarnet (1981) argues that this is due to an ‘ideology of triviality’ in which the work of the magistrates’ courts is constructed as ‘trivial’, when in fact the cases heard are serious in nature and consequence. This paper draws upon the framing of the ‘ideology of triviality’ to present findings from a qualitative study which examined contemporary workings of magistrates’ justice through court observations and interviews with lay court users. The findings suggest that the fallacy of ‘triviality’ continues to pervade magistrates’ justice. This has consequences both for those with personal experience of the magistrates’ courts and wider society
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