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Textual Layering, Landscape Memory and Medieval Places in Vayots Dzor, Armenia
Get PDFTravel accounts provide both benefits and challenges to survey archaeologists. This article presents a case study, generated by the Vayots Dzor Silk Road Survey, which aims to reconstruct the medieval (tenth to fifteenth centuries AD) landscape of Vayots Dzor in the Republic of Armenia, ‘excavating’ literary accounts of its landscape. Knowledge of this region in the Middle Ages is dominated by a core text written in the thirteenth century by Bishop Step’annos Orbelyan. From the mid-nineteenth century onwards, the region was visited by travellers who found links between the places they visited, the inscriptions they recorded, and the events and locations attested in Orbelyan’s text. Through examples from the site list of the Vayots Dzor Silk Road Survey, the authors explore how these and other sources accumulate, creating local knowledge about places that inform archaeologists and heritage professionals. They argue for reflection on the ways that local memory, archaeology, and the physical landscape inform complex makings of place
An Innermost DP Framework for Constrained Higher-Order Rewriting
Get PDFLogically constrained simply-typed term rewriting systems (LCSTRSs) are a higher-order formalism for program analysis with support for primitive data types. The termination problem of LCSTRSs has been studied so far in the setting of full rewriting. This paper modifies the higher-order constrained dependency pair framework to prove innermost termination, which corresponds to the termination of programs under call by value. We also show that the notion of universal computability with respect to innermost rewriting can be effectively handled in the modified, innermost framework, which lays the foundation for open-world termination analysis of programs under call by value via LCSTRSs
Workforce and physician health
Get PDFHealthy clinicians are more likely to provide better care for their patients.
However, they often face serious health challenges themselves, which often stem from both personal lifestyle behaviours and work-related factors. Some of the common problems include burnout, stress, fatigue, musculoskeletal disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. To address these issues, interventions need to adopt a comprehensive approach that incorporates Lifestyle Medicine principles, such as nutrition, physical activity, stress management, and social support. These principles can help healthcare workers improve their health behaviours and cope with the demands of their work. However, personal interventions are not enough. There is also a need for organisational support and policy changes that create a healthier work environment for healthcare workers. This includes supportive leadership, flexible work schedules, adequate staffing, and access to wellness programmes. By improving the health of healthcare workers, interventions can also have positive impacts on patient care and healthcare costs
New Leaves and Paper Thin: Research Methods and Research Questions in Theses on the Metaphors of Digital-Textual History
No full textTheses on the Metaphors of Digital-Textual History asks: what does it mean to write a "history" of a digital text or object? A question that has of course been asked many times before by different practitioners in different spaces, but specifically this book aims to understand how metaphors shape scholarly understanding of digital textuality. These conceptual metaphors are around us the whole time. Words like "infrastructure", "network", "archive", "edition", "save", all of these are metaphors that are used to guide your usage of a computer system by routing you in a familiar home territory to which you can obviously then apply your brain and be able to use the interface. This talk explores the research methods and questions behind the book
Possible maps: Newfoundland, 1763-1829
Get PDFIslands have a disproportionate role – as strategic locations, as imaginative or symbolic
locales, as extractive zones and as ecological bellwethers – in oceanic imperial histories. They
were and are places of ‘great practical use and metaphorical power’. And yet Newfoundland
was seen (and continues to be seen) as marginal and peripheral, even if the biomass that was
pulled out of its ocean fed – quite literally – a global network of exploitation. This article uses
four overlapping maps to tell four overlapping stories: James Cook’s circumnavigation of the
island in 1763–8; Lt David Buchan’s trek into the interior to contact the Beothuk in 1811 and
1820; William Eppes Cormack and Joseph Sylvester’s trek across the island in 1822; and finally,
a series of story-maps created by Shanawdithit, who is apocryphally known as ‘the last of
the Beothuk’. In doing so, it draws in Indigenous ‘storywork’ and cartographic histories and
makes a case for storytelling as powerful methodology for examining overlooked colonial histories.
These maps and stories highlight the complexity of encounter with a place rather than
a coherence of colonial ideologies. Through the stories these maps help me tell, I hope to show
how the peripheries of some people’s empires were the centres of other people’s worlds
ESPRESSO: A Framework to Empower Search on the Decentralized Web
Get PDFAbstract
The increasing centralization of the Web raises serious concerns regarding privacy, security, and user autonomy. In response, there has been a renewed interest in the development of secure personal information management systems and a movement towards decentralization. Decentralized personal online data stores (pods) represent a revolutionary example within this movement, built on the W3C’s existing guidelines – an approach exemplified by initiatives such as ( https://solidproject.org ). In the Solid paradigm, individuals store their personal data in pods and have absolute discretion when choosing to grant access to different users and applications. A barrier to the adoption of the pod approach is the predominant reliance on centralized indexes for search functionality in current Web and Web-based systems. This paper introduces the framework, which is designed to facilitate this new paradigm of large-scale searches within personal data stores while respecting the individual pod owners’ data access governance. The current ESPRESSO prototype integrates access control within pod indexes to enhance distributed keyword-based search. ESPRESSO’s unique contribution not only enhances search capabilities on the decentralized Web but also paves the way for future explorations in decentralized search technologies
Electoral institutions and repression in dictatorships
Get PDFWe argue that the relationship between authoritarian elections and repression depends on the electoral system in use. Proportional representation (PR) systems co-opt more heterogeneous political groups to contest and receive seats in the legislature and thus, dictators are less likely to use broad-based repression. Under plurality rules, by contrast, the regime has more incentives to mobilize turnout and deter collective action. Examining electoral systems from 1990 to 2010, we find that elections only reduce broad-based repression under PR systems, which are less commonly used in non-democracies. Our results highlight the importance of formal institutions in shaping political outcomes even in dictatorships
Playing with the news on Reddit: the politics game on r/The_Donald
Get PDFResearch into online forms of far-right, alt-right, populist and supremacist politics has raised questions about the extent to which social media enables or constitutes extremist affects and ideologies. Building on this research, and through a case study of how a pro-Trump community on Reddit made sense of news events and sought to contest their representation, this paper explores the relationship between games and politics, arguing that digital platforms encourage people to apprehend, interpret and contest political ideas and information as if engaged in a kind of video game. We show how the group sought to manipulate platform affordances, waging a kind of Info War rooted in an understanding of politics as a pure space of conflict. We show how social media orients people to politics, phenomenologically, through the logics, structures and narratives of online games and argue that this affects not only online behaviours but more general apprehensions of politics
Technological synergies, heterogeneous firms, and idiosyncratic volatility
Get PDFThis paper shows the importance of technological synergies among heterogeneous firms for aggregate fluctuations. First, we document six novel empirical facts using microdata that suggest the existence of important technological synergies between trading firms, the
presence of positive assortative matching among firms, and their evolution during the business cycle. Next, we embed technological synergies in a general equilibrium model calibrated on firm-level data. We show that frictions in forming trading relationships and
separation costs explain imperfect sorting between firms in equilibrium. In particular, an increase in the volatility of idiosyncratic productivity shocks significantly decreases
aggregate output without resorting to non-convex adjustment costs
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