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No full textBook synopsis: The past decade has witnessed a resurgence of interest in Marxism both within and without the academy. Marxian frameworks, concepts and categories continue to be narratively relevant to the features and events of contemporary capitalism. Most crucially, an attention to shifting cultural conditions has lead contemporary researchers to re-confront some classical and essential Marxist concepts, as well as elaborating new critical frameworks for the analysis of capitalism today.
The SAGE Handbook of Marxism showcases this cutting-edge of today’s Marxism. It advances the debate with essays that rigorously map and renew the concepts that have provided the groundwork and main currents for Marxist theory, and showcases interventions that set the agenda for Marxist research in the 21st century. A rigorous and challenging collection of scholarship, this book contains a stunning range of contributions from contemporary academics, writers and theorists from around the world and across disciplines, invaluable to scholars and graduate students alike
Who is speaking please? The role of identity in attitudes towards whistleblowing
Get PDFWhistleblowers have been associated with words such as saint (Grant, 2002), traitor (Rothschild and Miethe, 1999), parrhesiast (e.g. Weiskopf and Tobias -Miersch, 2016), stigma (Van Portfliet, 2020) and a plethora of other terms. The increasing implementation of legislation to protect whistleblowers hints at a societal acceptance and acknowledgment of importance for them, yet stories consistently emerge in the media of the mistreatment and suffering experienced when one speaks out about organizational wrongdoing. How do people actually feel about whistleblowing and whistleblowers? In this paper, we explore this question, by drawing on data from surveys conducted in the UK, Australia and Ireland. Analysing responses from employers and managers/directors of organizations, and comparing these with the responses of employees of organizations yields surprisingly different results. Investigating this, we propose that how one “feels” about whistleblowing depends on what role they are occupying when they are asked. Employers tend to be more optimistic and sympathetic, and employees tend to be more critical. While the ambiguity in attitudes has been noted (Hersch, 2002, Heumann, et al, 2016) studies have highlighted how these change based on, for example, the content of the disclosure and whom the report is made to (Callahan and Collins, 1992), one’s value orientation (Park et al. 2014), and one’s cultural orientation (Park, et al, 2008). We build on these valuable studies, proposing that in addition to these influences, perceptions may be more fluid, potentially changing within individuals as their roles shift. Our contribution is then two-fold. To theory, we offer implications for a more nuanced way of understanding societal attitudes to whistleblowing, and to practice, we offer potential insights to how protections may be more or less effective, depending on who is being called on to support the whistleblower
Sustainable development of EFL/ESL learners’ willingness to communicate: the effects of teachers and teaching styles
Get PDFWillingness to communicate in a second or foreign language (L2 WTC) is an important individual difference variable that influences the target language learning process. To cultivate students’ communicative competence for sustainable development and help them become active citizens of the global world, language teachers and educators need to understand L2 WTC and find ways to promote it. The present study explores the effects of teachers and teaching styles (TTS) on L2 WTC of Chinese learners of English, through a comparison of a group of 148 students in mainland China and 73 Chinese students abroad. Respondents filled out online questionnaires concerning their attitudes and perceptions of TTS and self-reported L2 WTC inside and outside classrooms. Eight of them also participated in interviews. Results revealed significant differences in TTS between the two groups and a generally low WTC among them. TTS were linked more strongly to L2 WTC in the group in mainland China. The differences are attributed to the discrepancy in social expectations, culture of learning and the opportunity to use English outside the classroom while abroad. This study may provide insights into English language teaching pedagogy from the perspective of English as a pluricentric language
Maoism as a global force
No full textBook synopsis: Home to a rapidly rising superpower and the two largest economies in the world after the US, a global East Asia is seen and felt everywhere. This dynamic text views the global square from the perspective of the world’s most important rising global center. East Asia’s global impact is built on a dizzying combination: a strong and deep civilizational self-consciousness fused with hypermodernity, wealth, influence, and power, which have made the region a beacon for the world and an alternative to the West.
Short, accessible essays by prominent experts on the region cover the core of East Asian—Japan, China, and Korea—as well as Mongolia and Taiwan. Topics include contemporary culture, artistic production, food, science, economic development, digital issues, education and research, and international collaboration. Students will glean new perspectives about the region using the insights of global studies
Pricing immigration
Get PDFImmigration is highly salient for voters in Europe and the United States and has
generated considerable academic debate about the causes of preferences over immigration.
This debate centers around the relative influences of sociotropic or
personal economic considerations, as well as non-economic threats. We provide a
test of the competing egocentric, sociotropic, and non-economic paradigms using a
novel constrained preference experiment in which respondents are asked to trade-off
preferred reductions in immigration levels with realistic estimates of the personal
or societal costs associated with those reductions. This survey experiment, performed
on a national sample of British YouGov panelists, allows us to measure the
price-elasticity of the public’s preferences with regard to levels of European and
non-European immigration. Respondents were willing to admit more immigrants
when restriction carries economic costs, with egocentric considerations as important
as sociotropic ones. People who voted for the UK to Leave the European Union
in the 2016 referendum are less price-elastic than those voting Remain, indicating
that non-economic concerns are also important
Constraints of hierarchy on Meso-Actors’ agency: evidence from Vietnam’s Educational Language Policy Reform
Get PDFNeurocognitive Endophenotypes of OCD
No full textIn this chapter, I address the concept of endophenotypes for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Endophenotypes are objective and heritable quantitative traits hypothesized to be more biologically tractable than distal clinical phenotypes. This approach has been adopted to gain a better understanding of psychiatric conditions in general. It is theorized that endophenotypes will particularly assist in clarifying both the diagnostic status and aetiological origins of complex neuropsychiatric conditions such as OCD. At the cognitive level, separable constructs of relevance for OCD have been identified. The prevailing model for OCD assumes the development of abnormalities within fronto-striatal neural circuits leading to impairment of executive functions and their neuropsychological subcomponents. Here, I address whether this model can guide towards the identification of endophenotypes for this condition and discuss possible implications
Uncovering neurodevelopmental paths to Autism Spectrum Disorder through an integrated analysis of developmental measures and neural sensitivity to faces
Get PDFBackground: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is highly
heterogeneous in etiology and manifestation. The
neurobiological processes underlying ASD development are
reflected in multiple features, from behavior and cognition to
brain functioning. An integrated analysis of these features
may optimize the identification of these processes.
Methods: We examined cognitive and adaptive functioning, and
ASD symptoms between 8 and 36 months in 161 infants at
familial high-risk for ASD (HR) and 71 low-risk controls (LR),
and neural sensitivity to eye-gaze at 8 months in a subsample
of 140 HR and 61 LR. We used linked independent component
analysis to extract patterns of variation across domains and
development, and selected the patterns significantly
associated with clinical classification at 36 months.
Results: An early process at 8 months, indicating high levels
of functioning and low levels of symptoms linked to higher
attention to gaze shifts, was reduced in infants who developed
ASD. A longitudinal process of increasing functioning and low
levels of symptoms was reduced in infants who developed ASD,
while another process suggesting a stagnation in cognitive
functioning at 24 months was increased in infants who
developed ASD.
Limitations: Although results show a clear significant trend
relating to clinical classification, there was substantial
overlap between groups.
Conclusions: We uncovered underlying processes acting together
early in development and associated with clinical outcome.
Results highlight the complexity of emerging ASD, which goes
beyond the borders of clinical categories. Future work should
integrate genetic data to investigate the specific genetic
risks linked to these processes
Leader and organizational identification and organizational citizenship behaviors: examining cross-lagged relationships and the moderating role of collective identity orientation
Get PDFPeople may identify with multiple entities at work, but how are different foci of identification related and how do they influence extra-role work behaviors? Drawing from social identity theory, our paper examines: a) the potential bidirectional relationship between leader and organizational identification; b) the mediating role of organizational identification on the relationship between leader identification and organizational citizenship behavior (organization-targeted, OCBO) and c) the moderating role of collective identity orientation on the indirect relationship between leader identification and OCBO via organizational identification. Cross-lagged analyses of two-time data in two independent studies provided support for identification generalization from leader identification to organizational identification and confirmed the hypothesized mediating role of organizational identification. Our results also confirmed the moderating role of collective identity orientation and showed that the relationship between leader identification and organizational identification was stronger for employees with low collective identity orientation. Support was also provided for moderated mediation. Overall, our findings showcase the importance of examining multiple identifications foci when studying social identification at work and provide support for spillover effects of lower-order to higher-order identifications
What lurks beneath: the erotic charge of the Laplanchean unconscious and the digital object
Get PDFThis paper takes a feminist approach to rethinking the significance of user-device interaction, attachments and dependency. It suggests that Jean Laplanche’s resignificantion of ‘seduction’, the function of the ‘enigmatic message’, and reconfiguration of sexuality as a ‘charge and tension’, are particularly useful for theorising the relationship that smartphones, as digital objects, have to unconscious sexuality and psychic life. The paper suggests that the draw of user-device interactions is connected to the rhythms of unconscious sexuality and that this opens up the space for thinking beyond subject-object dichotomies and ultimately offers hope for a shift in the cultural imaginary
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