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Using clean language interviewing to explore the lived experience of neurodifferent job applicants
No full textClean language is the foundation of coaching work delivered by Genius Within, a non-profit company that provides assessment, coaching, training and HR consultancy for neurodifferent adults and their employers. Genius Within works with thousands of employed and unemployed clients each year as well as those who are incarcerated. Evaluation of clean language in coaching for neurodifferent clients has formed the basis of two doctoral theses (Doyle, 2018; Banfield, in prep). The technique’s utility in drawing out experiences of mastery is in line with self-efficacy theory (Bandura, 1997) and has been demonstrated to be particularly successful with this minority population (Doyle, 2021; Doyle & McDowall, 2015). As such, the staff of Genius Within apply clean language fluently in a range of contexts, across multiple research activities, training and awareness initiatives, as well as workplace intervention programmes. In this chapter, two Genius Within employees who are also involved in academic research describe the use of a clean language interviewing (CLI) approach to evaluate a psychometric tool used in recruitment. The authors were commissioned by the test designer to identify the prevalence of implicit biases within the tool, which might constitute hidden barriers for neurodifferent applicants. The chapter is introduced with a brief history of neurodifferences and a contextual frame for the study, followed by outlining our process and results. We will conclude with proposals for the utility of CLI more broadly within neurodiversity as a method of facilitating innovation and dismantling socially constructed norms
Financial stress and economic growth: the moderating role of trust
Get PDFThe literature suggests that trust can influence the behavior of economic agents and improve access to financing for both households and corporations. Subsequently, this might have implications for the consumption of households and the investments of corporations. Therefore, trust could mitigate the negative impact of financial stress on economic growth. To test this hypothesis, we use a sample of EU countries over the period 2002-2020 and examine the interaction of trust with financial stress in shaping GDP growth. The interaction term enters the estimations with a positive and statistically significant coefficient, and it therefore mitigates the negative impact of financial stress on economic growth. Furthermore, by disaggregating the GDP into its four main components, we find that the moderating effect of trust flows through the two main components of GDP mentioned above, namely households’ consumption and firms’ investments. Additionally, we observe that the interaction effect becomes weaker in countries with a higher economic freedom and is strengthened in centre and left-wing governments compared to right-wing economically-oriented ones
A multivariate genetic analysis of anxiety sensitivity, environmental sensitivity and reported life events in adolescents
Get PDFBackground: Despite being considered a measure of environmental risk, reported life events are partly heritable. One mechanism that may contribute to this heritability is genetic influences on sensitivity, relating to how individuals process and interpret internal and external signals. The aim of this study was to explore the genetic and environmental overlap between self-reported life events and measures of sensitivity.
Methods: At age 17, 2,939 individuals from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) completed measures of anxiety sensitivity (Children's Anxiety Sensitivity Index), environmental sensitivity (Highly Sensitive Child Scale) and reported their experience of 20 recent life events. Using multivariate Cholesky decomposition models, we investigated the shared genetic and environmental influences on the associations between these measures of sensitivity and the number of reported life events, as well as both negative and positive ratings of life events.
Results: The majority of the associations between anxiety sensitivity, environmental sensitivity and reported life events were explained by shared genetic influences (60%-75%), with the remainder explained by non-shared environmental influences (25%-40%). Environmental sensitivity showed comparable genetic correlations with both negative and positive ratings of life events (rA=.21 and .15), anxiety sensitivity only showed a significant genetic correlation with negative ratings of life events (rA=.33). Approximately 10% of the genetic influences on reported life events were accounted for by influences shared with anxiety sensitivity and environmental sensitivity.
Conclusion: Differences in how individuals process the contextual aspects of the environment or interpret their own physical and emotional response to environmental stimuli may be one mechanism through which genetic liability influences the subjective experience of life events
Multiple sites of recent wet-based glaciation identified from eskers in western Tempe Terra, Mars
Get PDFPrecipitation in Mars' mid-latitudes formed Viscous Flow Features (VFFs), landforms analogous to terrestrial debris-covered glaciers, in the last 1 Gyr. Until recently, the prevailing view was that the Amazonian environment was not conducive to basal melting of VFFs. However, recent identification of VFF-linked eskers (sedimentary ridges deposited by meltwater in sub-glacial tunnels) in Phlegra Montes and Tempe Terra suggests localized basal melting has occurred. We identify two VFF-linked sinuous ridges in western Tempe Terra, which we propose are two additional eskers. To explore this hypothesis, we produce a 1:300,000 map of the geomorphology of western Tempe Terra, use impact crater counts to constrain the age of the sinuous ridges, and analyze the morphology and morphometry of the sinuous ridges. Mapping reveals a heavily deformed Noachian massif that was embayed by younger volcanic material and subsequently glaciated. The sinuous ridges lie 3–7 km from the VFF-termini and are associated with mounds which we interpret as ice-cored moraines. After considering multiple formation hypotheses (including inverted paleochannels and volcanic features) and comparing morphometries to Martian and terrestrial eskers, we suggest that both the sinuous ridges are of glacial origin and most likely eskers. This shows that basal melting of VFFs occurred at more than one location in Tempe Terra, at least transiently. Thus, our identification of two additional candidate eskers in Tempe Terra suggests that the late Amazonian thermal environment may have been more complex than previously thought and contributes to a better characterization of the recent glacial history of the region
Fluvial depositional systems of the African Humid Period: an analog for an early, wet Mars in the Eastern Sahara
Get PDFA widely hypothesized but complex transition from widespread fluvial activity to predominantly aeolian processes is inferred on Mars based on remote sensing data observations of ancient landforms. However, the lack of analysis of in situ martian fluvial deposits hinders our understanding of the flow regime nature and sustainability of the martian fluvial activity and the hunt for ancient life. Studying analogs from arid zones on Earth is fundamental to quantitatively understanding geomorphic processes and climate drivers that might have dominated during early Mars. Here we investigate the formation and preservation of fluvial depositional systems in the eastern Sahara, where the largest arid region on Earth hosts important repositories of past climatic changes. The fluvial systems are composed of well-preserved single-thread sinuous to branching ridges and fan-shaped deposits interpreted as deltas. The systems' configuration and sedimentary content suggest that ephemeral rivers carved these landforms by sequential intermittent episodes of erosion and deposition active for 10–100s years over ∼10,000 years during the late Quaternary. Subsequently, these landforms were sculpted by a marginal role of rainfall and aeolian processes with minimum erosion rates of 1.1 ± 0.2 mm/yr, supplying ∼96 ± 24 × 1010 m3 of disaggregated sediment to adjacent aeolian dunes. Our results imply that similar martian fluvial systems preserving single-thread, short distance source-to-sink courses may have formed due to transient drainage networks active over short durations. Altogether, this study adds to the growing recognition of the complexity of interpreting climate history from orbital images of landforms
Media and everyday life
No full textBook synopsis: Media and Everyday Life offers an accessible overview for students of media, communication and cultural studies looking to explore how modern-day media practices impact on the experience of everyday life, making this the essential companion to introductory media studies courses.
This innovative introduction to media studies challenges conventional accounts of what media do to people – focusing instead on what people do with media in the course of everyday life. By rejecting the conventional media studies approach, the book provides a fresh way of thinking about media cultures and provokes thought into how media influences daily social norms. Each chapter offers a broad discussion of various facets of media, such as technology, social media and industries. Key trends and traditions are also considered, helping to define how media has become so entwined in the everyday experience.
This second edition has been thoroughly updated to incorporate all the recent developments in media including new social media platforms, new technologies like wearables and smart speakers, and the spread of algorithms into so much of the media we encounter every day. The second edition also takes stock of the environmental impact of digital media and its hidden infrastructures, as well our engagement with social issues and movements from Black Lives Matter to Extinction Rebellion
Weighing up the options. Adventure of an academic career outside of the US?
Get PDFAs you think about preparing for your future as a political scientist – are you considering studying or a career outside of the US? In this chapter, we draw on our collective experiences from Spain and the UK to sketch out some key issues you might want to consider when looking at graduate courses or academic positions abroad. Are there any major trade-offs that need to be considered? From master’s level to doctoral studies through securing your first political science academic post, and everything in-between. We attempt to explore and unpack these to lay out the options available for prospective and current graduate students thinking about their future prospects as political science academics beyond the US. This manuscript is part of Strategies for Navigating Graduate School and Beyond, a forthcoming volume for those interested in pursuing graduate education in political science
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