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Open Access Funding: Innovative and Community Based Publishing Initiatives and their Strategic Importance
No full textA talk to the Jisc Content Strategy Grou
The diverse spaces of Play for Today
Get PDFOf the roughly 300 Play for Today dramas, a dozen have a non-white writer or director and/or deal with the experiences of black and Asian communities in urban England. These dramas are a tiny proportion of the overall body of work but nevertheless offer bold, often uncompromising representations of race, class and generational divisions in 1970s and early 1980s British culture. Focusing on space – in both the physical and cultural sense – this article explores the ways in which the use of location filming, in conjunction with the use of the studio in these dramas, allowed for a greater range of stories to be told, while offering new insights into the social and historical experiences of black and Asian communities. The ‘journey narratives’ of these plays expand the physical and cultural geography of the dramas and temporally connect a complex set of historical experiences, not previously seen on British television
Practical obstacles and structural legal constraints in the adoption of ‘defensive’ policies: comparing the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism and the US Proposal for a Border Carbon Adjustment
Get PDFThis paper analyses the EU proposal for a carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) and a recent US proposal for the establishment of a border carbon adjustment (BCA) as examples of ‘defensive’ policies, broadly informed by an economic level playing field and an environmental level playing field rationale. From an environmental law perspective, the CBAM's narrow focus on price-based policies, distortions of competition and trade intensity is unsatisfactory; however, the EU CBAM is more feasible in practical terms and overall more likely to be WTO law compatible than the US proposal for a BCA. An environmental level playing field perspective is associated with several practical problems: these relate to the determination of environmental equivalence, the identification of appropriate remedies, and the demarcation of the scope of application of the relevant regulatory arrangements. Further, measures informed by an economic level playing field rationale can be easier to justify under WTO law. Taking stock of these findings, the paper concludes that practical obstacles and structural legal constraints push towards a narrower focus on an economic level playing field, as a matter of regulatory design
Examining the association between childhood autistic traits and adolescent hypomania: a longitudinal twin study
Get PDFBackground: There is evidence that autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) co-occur with bipolar disorder (BD) relatively frequently. Individuals with BD often report symptoms of mania and hypomania during adolescence, prior to the age of onset for BD. It is unknown whether these symptoms are associated with ASDs. We examined whether diagnoses of ASDs and autistic traits were associated with hypomania in a large, population-based Swedish twin sample.
Methods: Parental structured interviews assessed autistic traits, and were used to assign screening diagnoses of ASDs, when twins were aged 9 or 12 (N=13,533 pairs). Parents then completed questionnaires assessing hypomania when the twins were aged 15 and 18 (N=3852 pairs at age 15, and 3,013 pairs at age 18). After investigating the phenotypic associations between these measures, we used the classical twin design to test whether genetic and environmental influences on autistic traits influence variation in adolescent hypomania.
Results: Autistic traits and ASD diagnoses in childhood were associated with elevated scores on the measures of adolescent hypomania. Twin analyses indicated that 6-9% of the variance in hypomania was explained by genetic influences that were shared with autistic traits in childhood. When repeating these analyses for specific autistic trait domains, we found a stronger association between social interaction difficulties and hypomania than for other autistic trait domains.
Conclusions: These results indicate a genetic link between autistic traits and hypomania in adolescence. This adds to the growing evidence base of genetic factors associated with ASDs showing links with psychiatric outcomes across childhood and into adulthood
Making ‘Gypsies’ in the English Reformation? Laws, words and texts (1530-1621)
Get PDFBook synopsis: The literature and literate knowledge that were produced in Europe from the fifteenth to the seventeenth centuries emanated from societies that were rigidly hierarchical. What difference did that fact make to the literature and literate knowledge? How did social hierarchy shape the production of literature and literate knowledge (by writers, patrons, printers) and their reception (by readers and audiences)? Literature, Learning, and Social Hierarchy in Early Modern Europe is the first book to ask these question of Western Europe, in relation to a wide range of genres, disciplines, practices, and writers. The picture that emerges is of literature and literate knowledge largely bolstering social hierarchies while also questioning at times the very basis on which societies measured the status and worth of their members
Protecting, empowering or penalizing motherhood? The contradictory treatment of women in Chilean social policies
Get PDFThis paper contributes to the growing discussion of gendered social policy in Latin America. Yet while attention has focused on the Chilean case and the gendered impacts of social policies, few studies have provided a comparative analysis of how the articulation of gender through motherhood differs across social sectors. Furthermore, most of the existing discussion of social policy, gender and motherhood has focused on public provision, but given the growing role assigned to the private sector in service provision, applying a gender lens here is also critical. To fill this gap, we include a discussion of the private sector in health in Chile and draw attention to the roles of both public and private social policy actors. We contrast the case of the health sector with the examples of housing, and labor market policies to demonstrate that the framing of motherhood in Chilean social policies is not uniformly articulated. We categorise each of these articulations in a way that best captures what type of attitude to motherhood is most prominent within the policy discourse. We note the diverse and contradictory nature of gendered narratives and practices across the sectors and argue that it still predominantly shapes women's access to social policy
Legal tech for justice - Enhancing access to justice in family violence legal services. Report submitted to the Victorian Government, Australia
No full textThe Legal Tech for Justice Project aims to enhance understanding of how remote technologies can be used to promote access to justice for women and others experiencing DFV who are navigating the justice process. This is a particularly timely project considering the emerging issues of technology in the perpetration of DFV and the recognition that technology can be used to promote women’s human rights
Reviewing the Reviewers: Training Neural Networks to Read Peer Review Reports
Get PDFThe study of academic peer review is often difficult owing to the confidentiality of reports. As an occluded genre of writing that nonetheless underpins scientific publication, relatively little is known about the ways that academics write and behave, at scale, in their reviewing practices. In this chapter, we describe for the first time the database of peer review reports at PLOS ONE, the largest scientific journal in the world, to which we had unique access. Specifically, we detail the approach that we took to training a multi-label, multi-class text classifier using the TenCent NeuralClassifier toolkit to examine the peer review reports. Although this resulted in a predictable failure to produce accurate levels of recall and precision, we argue that as these technologies further develop there are a range of uses – for both good and ill – that could be used to machine-read these archives
Current challenges of language policy and planning for international organisations
Get PDFThis article reviews the language policy and planning challenges currently facing international organisations. Using
the United Nations as a case study and exemplar, it discusses the specific challenges faced by the organisation when trying
to balance the demands of linguistic equity among language users, efficiency in communication and cost associated with the
maintenance of multilingual provision. The paper describes the development of the UN’s multilingual language policy and the
ongoing difficulties experienced in its implementation, with marked disparity found in the use of the organisation’s six official
languages and the ever-increasing hegemony of English. The article contends that the time is ripe for a review of the regulatory
principles, provisions and linguistic practices and suggests a way for the organisation to assess and reform its current language
regime. This, it is argued, will demand first modelling and then operating different language scenarios, which are able to accommodate and adapt to shifting priorities or (resource) constraints. Models of different configurations (using the current official/
working languages) are presented. These simulate changes to the constitution of language provision in diff erent settings. These
scenarios can be applied when taking into account a number of variables, e.g. the amount of financial support for any setting;
equity of language provision; the linguistic expertise of personnel in any grouping; expediency of communication; access to
language interpreters/translators; preference for lingua franca usage etc. It is argued that there is much to learn from the work of
language economists who, in their analyses of multilingual contexts, consider allocative and distributive eff ects, i.e. comparative
cost and efficiency of diff erent scenarios and the relative impact of changing language scenarios on individuals and groups.
It is also argued that in addition to economic and operational constraints, user preferences and beliefs should also be analysed to
ensure success of take-up. Modelling will support a review of current practices and ideologies (of administrative staff , member
state representatives and other stakeholders) and test the feasibility of introducing and operating multiple language scenarios
within and across diff erent departments, agencies and bodies of the UN, which has relevance for other inter/supernational organisations
too. Modelling can inform planning and go some way to ensuring a balance can be struck between the persistently
challenging trilogy of: equity, efficiency and cost
Revisiting power messaging in service failures: pitfalls and proposed solutions
No full textPast research shows that company messaging can inflate consumers’ feelings of power, which
in turn alleviate the negative effects of service failures. Extant research, however, has not
examined how various types of power messaging can have a differential effect on consumers,
with some leading to counterproductive consequences for companies. Across five experiments,
we show that power messaging stressing that consumers have power over the company can
backfire by increasing manipulative intent. Power messaging communicating that consumers
will obtain a power boost from the service is more acceptable and less likely to be perceived as
manipulative. Furthermore, we demonstrate that messaging eliciting power from the service is
most effective when 1) targeted at consumers with low levels of skepticism, 2) delivered by an
underdog brand, and 3) paired with co-created recovery. Following a service failure, messaging
communicating how customers will gain a power boost from the service experience increases
identification with underdog brands. Our examination of power messaging as an overt
communication strategy contributes to the literature on service failure and recovery. The
research advances knowledge on the potential pitfalls of power messaging while proposing
strategies to overcome risks associated with this communication strategy
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