30472 research outputs found
Sort by
Detecting implicit cross-communities to which an active user belongs
Get PDFMost realistic social communities are multi-profiled cross-communities constructed from users sharing commonalities that include adaptive social profile ingredients (i.e., natural adaptation to certain social traits). The most important types of such cross- communities are the densest holonic ones, because they exhibit many interesting properties. For example, such a cross-community can represent a portion of users, who share all the following traits: ethnicity, religion, neighbourhood, and age-range. The denser a multi-profiled cross-community is, the more granular and holonic it is and the greater the number of its members, whose interests are exhibited in the common interests of the entire cross-community. Moreover, the denser a cross-community is, the more specific and distinguishable its interests are (e.g., more distinguishable from other cross-communities). Unfortunately, methods that advocate the detection of granular multi-profiled cross-communities have been under-researched. Most current methods detect multi-profiled communities without consideration to their granularities. To overcome this, we introduce in this paper a novel methodology for detecting the smallest and most granular multi-profiled cross-community, to which an active user belongs. The methodology is implemented in a system called ID_CC. To improve the accuracy of detecting such cross-communities, we first uncover missing links in social networks. It is imperative for uncovering such missing links because they may contain valuable information (social characteristics commonalities, cross-memberships, etc.). We evaluated ID_CC by comparing it experimentally with eight methods. The results of the experiments revealed marked improvement
Supercards, sunshines and caterpillar graphs
Get PDFThe vertex-deleted subgraph G−v, obtained from the graph G by
deleting the vertex v and all edges incident to v, is called a card
of G. The deck of G is the multiset of its unlabelled cards. The
number of common cards b(G, H) of G and H is the cardinality
of the multiset intersection of the decks of G and H. A supercard
G+ of G and H is a graph whose deck contains at least one card
isomorphic to G and at least one card isomorphic to H. We show
how maximum sets of common cards of G and H correspond to
certain sets of permutations of the vertices of a supercard, which we
call maximum saturating sets. We apply the theory of supercards
and maximum saturating sets to the case when G is a sunshine
graph and H is a caterpillar graph. We show that, for large enough
n, there exists some maximum saturating set that contains at least
b(G, H) − 2 automorphisms of G+, and that this subset is always
isomorphic to either a cyclic or dihedral group. We prove that
b(G, H) ≤ 2(n+1)
5 for large enough n, and that there exists a unique
family of pairs of graphs that attain this bound. We further show
that, in this case, the corresponding maximum saturating set is
isomorphic to the dihedral group
Victorian material culture
No full textBook synopsis: From chatelaines to whale blubber, ice making machines to stained glass, this six-volume collection will be of interest to the scholar, student or general reader alike - anyone who has an urge to learn more about Victorian things. The set brings together a range of primary sources on Victorian material culture and discusses the most significant developments in material history from across the nineteenth century. The collection will demonstrate the significance of objects in the everyday lives of the Victorians and addresses important questions about how we classify and categorise nineteenth-century things.
The volumes are organized thematically and focus on key elements of materials, processes and production. Sources for each volume have been selected and critically introduced by a group of leading experts working across a variety of scholarly disciplines. Series titles include Science and Medicine, Invention and Technology, Victorian Arts, Raw Materials, Manufactured Things and Fashionable Things
The ‘human element’ in the social space of the courtroom: framing and shaping the deliberative process in mental capacity law
Get PDFThe context- and person-specific nature of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA) in England and Wales
means inherent indeterminacy characterises decision-making in the Court of Protection (CoP), not
least regarding conflicting values and the weight that should be accorded to competing factors. This
paper explores how legal professionals frame and influence the MCA’s deliberative and adjudicative
processes in the social space of the courtroom through a thematic analysis of semi-structured
interviews with legal practitioners specialising in mental capacity law and retired judges from the CoP
and the Courts of Appeal with specific experience of adjudicating mental capacity disputes. The
concept of the ‘human element’ offers important new insight into how legal professionals perform
their roles and justify their activities in the conduct of legal proceedings. The ‘human element’ takes
effect in two ways: first, it operates as an overarching normative prism that accounts for what good
practice demands of legal professionals in mental capacity law; second, it explains how these
professionals orientate these norms in the day-to-day conduct of their work. The ‘human element’
further presents challenges that demand practical negotiation in relation to countervailing normative
commitments to objectivity and socio-institutional expectations around professional hierarchies,
expertise, and evidential thresholds
Validating the Short-Form Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (S-FLCAS)
Get PDFForeign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) is a popular construct in applied linguistics research, traditionally measured with the 33-item Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS). However, recent studies have started utilising the 8-item Short-Form Foreign Language Anxiety Scale (S-FLCAS). There is therefore a need, which this study addressed in five sequential steps, to validate the S-FLCAS in order to ensure the validity and reliability of the scale. A sample of n = 370 foreign language learners was utilised in the validation efforts, which included exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the establishment of convergent and discriminant validity, and invariance testing. The S-FLCAS was found to have a unidimensional structure with the 8 items loading on a single latent variable. Evidence was provided of the internal consistency and the convergent and discriminate validity of the S-FLCAS. In addition, the measure was found to be fully invariant across age, gender, educational levels, and L1 groups. It is therefore with some considerable confidence that we can recommend the future use of the S-FLCAS in peer-reviewed research
The contribution of students to regional economies: reframing the regional innovation systems approach
Get PDFThe role of universities in regional development has grown significantly over the past two decades. One strand of analysis has been that of the university in regional innovation systems (RIS). However, the contribution of university students has largely been neglected. This special issue contributes to the RIS literature by unpacking the RIS concept through exploring this specific aspect of university engagement in regional economies. The nine papers collectively offer an understanding of the effects of student activity upon the knowledge, skill and entrepreneurial bases of regions. The papers provide evidence and analysis from Asia, Australia, Europe and North America
Mechanistic insights into the activation of the IKK kinase complex by the Kaposi’s Sarcoma Herpes virus oncoprotein vFLIP
Get PDFConstitutive activation of the canonical NF-B signaling pathway is a major factor in Kaposi’s Sarcoma Herpes virus (KSHV) pathogenesis where it is essential for the survival of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). Central to this process is persistent upregulation of the inhibitor of B kinase (IKK) kinase complex by the virally encoded oncoprotein vFLIP. Although the physical interaction between vFLIP and the IKK kinase regulatory component essential for persistent activation, IKK, has been well characterized, it remains unclear how the kinase subunits are rendered active mechanistically. Using a combination of cell-based assays, biophysical techniques, and structural biology, we demonstrate here that vFLIP alone is sufficient to activate the IKK kinase complex. Furthermore, we identify weakly stabilised, high molecular weight vFLIP-IKK assemblies that are key to the activation process. Taken together, our results are the first to reveal that vFLIP induced NF-B activation pivots on the formation of structurally specific vFLIP-IKK multimers which have an important role in rendering the kinase subunits active through a process of autophosphorylation. This mechanism of NF-B activation is in contrast to those utilised by endogenous cytokines and cellular FLIP homologues
An exploration of multilinguals’ voice-hearing experiences
Get PDFResearch on multilinguals’ voice-hearing, sometimes termed auditory-verbal hallucinations, is dominated by reports from treating psychiatrists, skewing toward etic over emic approaches. Most also pre-dates developments in both voice-hearing and multilingualism research which highlight the complexity and dynamic nature of both phenomena and shows little cross-fertilisation between the two fields. This paper sits within this gap, presenting results from an in-depth interview study with ten UK-resident multilingual voice-hearers analysed via constructionist reflexive thematic analysis. A high proportion of participants described hearing voices they did not (fully) understand, challenging the dominance of the hypothesis that voice-hearing originates from misattributed inner speech. This set of experiences is presented along a spectrum with a complex array of associated emotions and subtle experiential distinctions. The relationship between language experiences, voices’ languages, and associated emotions was similarly complex and individual: participants described voices both reflecting and distorting or shifting the contexts, domains, interlocutors and feelings associated with their various languages. This has implications for therapeutic and peer support for those who are distressed by their voices, as well as opening up new avenues in voice-hearing phenomenology and aetiology
Data sources:
Access Repository Dashboard
Do you manage Birkbeck Institutional Research Online? Access insider analytics, issue reports and manage access to outputs from your repository in the CORE Repository Dashboard!