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Psychometric properties of three online-related addictive behavior instruments among Bangladeshi school-going adolescents
Get PDFBackground: Due to the ease of access to the internet in modern society users have become more prone to experiencing addictive behaviors online. The present study aimed to develop and investigate the psychometric properties of the Bangla Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form (IGDS9-SF), Gaming Disorder Test (GDT), and Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) due to a lack of existing sound psychometric tools in Bangladesh.
Methods: A cross-sectional paper-and-pencil survey was carried out among 428 school-aged adolescents who were active gamers (90.89% males; Meanage: 16.13±1.85 years; age range: 10–19 years). Participants were recruited using convenience sampling across four selected schools in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Data collected included sociodemographic information, frequency of internet use and gaming behaviors, psychological states (i.e., Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9], Generalized Anxiety Disorder [GAD-7]), disordered gaming and social media use (i.e., IGDS9-SF, GDT, and BSMAS). Psychometric testing was conducted to examine the validity and reliability levels of the Bangla IGDS9-SF, GDT, and BSMAS.
Results: The newly adapted Bangla IGDS9-SF, GDT, and BSMAS exhibited adequate levels of internal consistency. All total scores were significantly correlated with depression, anxiety, frequencies of internet use/online activities and gaming, supporting criterion and convergent validity. CFA indicated excellent construct validity as all instruments had a good fit to the data.
Conclusions: The findings suggest that the Bangla IGDS9-SF, GDT, and BSMAS are sound psychometric instruments due to their satisfactory psychometric properties including internal consistency, criterion validity, convergent validity, and construct validity
‘Going Native?': Settler colonialism and food
No full textBook synopsis: This volume offers a comparative survey of diverse settler colonial experiences in relation to food, food culture and foodways - how the latter are constructed, maintained, revolutionised and, in some cases, dissolved. What do settler colonial foodways and food cultures look like? Are they based on an imagined colonial heritage, do they embrace indigenous repertoires or invent new hybridised foodscapes? What are the socio-economic and political dynamics of these cultural transformations? In particular, this volume focuses on three key issues: the evolution of settler colonial identities and states; their relations vis-à-vis indigenous populations; and settlers’ self-indigenisation – the process through which settlers transform themselves into the native population, at least in their own eyes. These three key issues are crucial in understanding settler-indigenous relations and the rise of settler colonial identities and states
Creative and transformative approaches to justice
No full textThis chapter arose from discussions that took place between five current and former frontline workers, academics, writers, transformative justice practitioners, and community organisers beginning in June 2020. It seeks to explore what justice for survivors of gendered violence can look like if the criminal legal system is taken out of the equation. From theory to practice, state to the community, and personal to professional, Aviah, Kamilah, Melanie, molly, and Yara explore their own complex journeys into abolition rooted transformative praxis, which so often relies on deep creativity and uncomfortable conversations. In doing so, they hope to highlight alternative ways of thinking and working that can offer different ways of supporting survivors outside of a carceral framework. In striving for the abolition of gender-based violence, so too must prison abolition and transformative justice be seriously considered, and this chapter-rooted conversation calls for greater reflection around current engagements with carcerality when supporting survivors of gender-based violence.
Book synopsis: Rape: Challenging Contemporary Thinking – 10 Years On takes stock of current thinking and research about rape and the way it is handled in practice within the criminal justice system, as well as challenging some of the widely held but inaccurate beliefs about rape.
The second edition of Rape: Challenging Contemporary Thinking – 10 Years On is not a traditional new edition, although it does provide updated versions of substantive issues covered in the first edition. Bringing the book to the cutting edge, it incorporates both old and new contexts where sexual exploitation takes place, identifying some knowledge gaps especially when considering the voices of complainants/victims/survivors who are invisible or muted, numerous new areas of research including the implications arising from #MeToo and Black Lives Matter movements, the limitations of our present criminal justice systems, and radical alternatives to closing the justice gap. The new book reflects the global reach of research and thinking about rape, including more international coverage, with material from India, the US, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand as well as the UK. In order to learn from our shared history in this field, two authors reflect on their careers and other authors were encouraged to move away from conventional academic formats to convey their stories. Bringing together leading researchers in the field of psychology, sociology, and law, considering new research, and presenting new data from a strong theoretical and contextual base, the chapters are provocative and engage in innovative thinking, whilst remaining grounded in the available evidence.
This book is essential reading for students of criminology, forensic psychology, sociology, criminal justice, law, media studies, and women’s/gender studies. It also aims to inform professionals engaged in the investigation, prosecution of rape, support, and preventative services
Luke Howard, namer of clouds
Get PDFLuke Howard (1772–1864), who was born 250 years ago this November, was an amateur meteorologist, whose lifelong fascination with skies and weather led him to devise the classification and nomenclature of clouds that remains in international use today. He was also a pioneer in the study of urban climate, his 40-year instrumental record of London’s weather forming the heart of his landmark publication, The Climate of London (2 vols, 1818–1820), for which he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1821. This article offers an overview of his meteorological life and achievements
Propositions as objects of the attitudes
No full textBook synopsis: Propositions are routinely invoked by philosophers, linguists, logicians, and other theorists engaged in the study of meaning, communication, and the mind. To investigate the nature of propositions is to investigate the very nature of our connection to each other, and to the world around us. As one of the only volumes of its kind, The Routledge Handbook of Propositions provides a comprehensive overview of the philosophy of propositions, from both historical and contemporary perspectives. Comprising 33 original chapters by an international team of scholars, the volume addresses both traditional and emerging questions concerning the nature of propositions, and our capacity to engage with them in thought and in communication. The chapters are clearly organized into the following three sections:
I. Foundational Issues in the Theory of Propositions
II. Historical Theories of Propositions
III. Contemporary Theories of Propositions
Essential reading for philosophers of language and mind, and for those working in neighboring areas, The Routledge Handbook of Propositions is suitable for upper-level undergraduate study, as well as graduate and professional research
HLC 2022. Human-Like Computing Workshop 2022
No full textProceedings of the 3rd Human-Like Computing Workshop (HLC 2022)
co-located with the 2nd International Joint Conference on Learning and Reasoning (IJCLR 2022). Windsor, United Kingdom, September 20-30th, 2022
Sickness presenteeism in prison officers: risk factors and implications for wellbeing and productivity
Get PDFSickness presenteeism involves employees continuing to work while unwell. As presenteeism is influenced by contextual and individual difference factors, it is important to assess its
prevalence and implications for wellbeing and productivity in different occupational groups. This
study examines these issues in a sample of prison officers working in UK institutions. Data were
obtained from a survey of 1956 prison officers. Measures assessed the prevalence of and reasons for
presenteeism and the perceived impact on job performance, along with mental health and perceptions
of workplace safety climate. More than nine respondents out of ten (92%) reported working while
unwell at least sometimes, with 43% reporting that they always did so. Presenteeism frequency was
significantly related to mental health symptoms, impaired job performance and a poorer workplace
safety climate. The reasons provided for presenteeism explained 31% of the variance in self-reported
mental health, 34% in job performance and 17% in workplace safety climate, but the pattern of
predictors varied according to the outcome. The findings can be used to inform interventions at the
organisational and individual levels to encourage a ‘healthier’ approach to sickness absence, with
likely benefits for staff wellbeing, job performance and workplace safety climat
Combining sociocultural intelligence with Artificial Intelligence to increase organizational cyber security provision through enhanced resilience
Get PDFAlthough artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) can be deployed to
improve cyber security management, not all managers understand the different types of AI/ML and
how they are to be deployed alongside the benefits associated with sociocultural intelligence. The
aim of this paper was to provide a context within which managers can better appreciate the role that
sociocultural intelligence plays so that they can better utilize AI/ML to facilitate cyber threat
intelligence (CTI). We focused our attention on explaining how different approaches to intelligence
(i.e., the intelligence cycle (IC) and the critical thinking process (CTP)) can be combined and linked
with cyber threat intelligence (CTI) so that AI/ML is used effectively. A small group interview was
undertaken with five senior security managers based in a range of companies, all of whom had
extensive security knowledge and industry experience. The findings suggest that organizational
learning, transformational leadership, organizational restructuring, crisis management, and
corporate intelligence are fundamental components of threat intelligence and provide a basis upon
which a cyber threat intelligence cycle process (CTICP) can be developed to aid the resilience
building process. The benefit of this is to increase organizational resilience by more firmly
integrating the intelligence activities of the business so that a proactive approach to cyber security
management is achieved
An international study on the impact of corruption on analysts’ forecasts
Get PDFThis study investigates the impact of corruption on financial analysts’ forecast accuracy and forecast uncertainty. I employ an international sample of 71 countries classified into two subsamples of advanced economies and emerging and developing economies to capture underlying heterogeneity. The empirical methodology involves a dynamic panel analysis that tests for persistence while it controls for endogeneity. The main finding shows that corruption increases forecast uncertainty and reduces forecast accuracy, though some variability is observed across countries. Given the complexities of the underlying relationships, I also investigate two other channels through which corruption could affect analysts’ forecasts using interactions terms with earnings management and rule of law. Earnings management amplifies the negative impact of corruption on forecast accuracy, whereas the rule of law mitigates it. Robustness analysis further demonstrates that anti-corruption policy interventions, such as enhancing legal enforcement and providing greater freedom, improve analysts’ forecast accuracy
The challenge of compassion in predator conservation
Get PDFThis paper argues that compassion for wild animals and the humans living alongside them should be integral to wildlife conservation. Nowhere is this more apparent than in predator conservation, and case studies are used to explore the consequences of wild animal attacks for human victims. Some
arguments for extending compassionate consideration to animals seen as individuals are considered, along with the challenges these pose for predator conservation. A way forward from this apparent impasse is suggested, drawing on the capacity approach to embrace human with animal actors. The paper concludes with implications for predator conservation and recommendations,
including incident responses sensitive to the traumatic impacts of attacks, and more collaborative approaches to handling human-wildlife interactions taking account of the capacities of local humans and wildlife
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