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Can scientific expertise sway public opinion on clean air zones?
No full textHow much do the views of scientists and experts count when it comes to securing public support for traffic restrictions? Laszlo Horvath and Deborah Mabbett find that the answer depends strongly on initial levels of opposition or support and look at the implications for policymakers seeking to shore up public support for such measures
Context-aware API recommendation using tensor factorization
Get PDFAn activity constantly engaged by most programmers in coding is to search for appropriate
application programming interfaces (APIs). Contextual information is widely recognized to play a crucial
role in effective API recommendation, but it is largely overlooked in practice. In this paper, we propose
context-aware API recommendation using tensor factorization (CARTF), a novel API recommendation
approach in considering programmers’ working context. To this end, we use tensors to explicitly represent
the query-API-context triadic relation. When a new query is made, CARTF harnesses word embeddings
to retrieve similar user queries, based on which a third-order tensor is constructed. CARTE then applies
non-negative tensor factorization to complete missing values in the tensor and the Smith–Waterman algorithm
to identify the most matched context. Finally, the ranking of the candidate APIs can be derived based on
which API sequences are recommended. Our evaluation confirms the effectiveness of CARTF for class-level
and method-level API recommendations, outperforming state-of-the-art baseline approaches against a number
of performance metrics, including success rate, precision, and recall
The role of location information sharing in e-service encounters on Mercado Libre
No full textMercado Libre is the largest platform for e-commerce in Latin America, with branches in multiple countries. Building on work on location (e.g. de Souza e Silva 2013; Frith 2015), and adopting a pragmatics perspective, in this paper we examine the function(s) of location information provided by both buyers and sellers in their e-service encounters on the site. The corpus examined includes data from ML Ecuador and ML Mexico. In this eminently virtual context, as we will show, seller/buyer off-line location, nonetheless, can play a role in the development of the interaction and the success of the transaction, with the potential of transforming the e-service encounter into a hybrid encounter
A caravan city at the edge of empire? The economy of Dura-Europos in the Syrian desert
Get PDFBook synopsis: The Handbook of Ancient Afro-Eurasian Economies offers in three volumes the first comprehensive discussion of economic development in the empires of the Afro-Eurasian world region to elucidate the conditions under which large quantities of goods and people moved across continents and between empires. Volume 3: Frontier-Zone Processes and Transimperial Exchange analyzes frontier zones as particular landscapes of encounter, economic development, and transimperial network formation. The chapters offer problematizing approaches to frontier zone processes as part of and in between empires, with the goal of better understanding how and why goods and resources moved across the Afro-Eurasian region. Key frontiers in mountains and steppes, along coasts, rivers, and deserts are investigated in depth, demonstrating how local landscapes, politics, and pathways explain network practices and participation in long-distance trade. The chapters seek to retrieve local knowledge ignored in popular Silk Road models and to show the potential of frontier-zone research for understanding the Afro-Eurasian region as a connected space
An extended calibration of the Olivine–Spinel Aluminum Exchange Thermometer: application to the melting conditions and mantle lithologies of large igneous provinces
No full textThe application of the olivine–spinel aluminum exchange thermometer to natural samples is limited by the restricted experimental data set on which it was calibrated. Here, we present a new data set of 46 high-temperature crystallization experiments and 21 reanalyzed published experiments, which we used to extend the calibration to higher and lower temperatures. The final calibration data set spans a range of conditions relevant to crustal and upper mantle processes: 1174–1606°C, 0.1–1350 MPa, QFM − 2.5 to QFM + 7.2 (oxygen fugacity, fO2, reported in log units relative to the quartz–fayalite–magnetite buffer, QFM), and 0–7.4 wt % H2Omelt. We propose three new models. The first is thermodynamically self-consistent, based on spinel Fe, Mg, Al, and Cr compositions and Al exchange between olivine and spinel. The second and third are empirical models that consider fewer elemental exchanges: the second uses only Al exchange and spinel compositions, whereas the third considers olivine–spinel Al and Cr exchange. All models include the modest effect of pressure on olivine-spinel equilibrium chemistry, whereas fO2 and water content have negligible effects. In general, as fewer elements are considered in the olivine–spinel exchange, the fit to experimental data worsens. Conversely, the associated decrease in model complexity improves their robustness against systematic errors when applied to natural crystal pairs: the thermodynamic model may underestimate crystallization temperatures in natural samples due to spinel subsolidus re-equilibration, whereas the empirical models (independent of Fe and Mg in spinel) are less sensitive to re-equilibration but yield temperatures with larger uncertainties. We applied a statistical test to select the most appropriate model for application to natural samples. When applied to lavas from mid-ocean ridges, Iceland, Skye, Emeishan, Etendeka, and Tortugal, our new temperature estimates are 30–100°C lower than previously proposed. The lower temperature estimates cause a lower mantle melting temperature and significant impacts on the mantle lithology constraints
The mystery of the Tanganyika Knife and the rediscovery of the Polish refugee experience of Britain’s wartime empire
Get PDFMy Polish grandmother was sixteen when she arrived in Bolton. By the time teenagers today sit their GCSE examinations, she had travelled the distance of almost three-quarters of the globe. From Drohobycz in Poland (now modern Ukraine) following the arrest and murder of her father by the USSR’s NKVD aged 6, to a detention camp in Soviet Kyrgyzstan, to Iran, Tanganyika, and South Africa, before finally settling in England. Hers is a story of Stalin’s crimes, but it is simultaneously a story of how refugees utilised the global connections and routes created by the British Empire. It is also a postwar story of how she made a home in the nation that facilitated her wartime life. She carried with her few possessions, bar a bone letter-opener knife with an elephant carved into the handle, which she passed down to me. Bringing scholarship around refugee experiences, family histories, and material culture into conversation, this journal article seeks to achieve three things. First, it brings the story of the Polish refugees who utilised the imperial routes, colonies, dominions, and nations of British ‘interest’ to greater attention. While there has been some research into this in Britain, it has been an under-explored aspect of wartime experience which shows us as much about the war in the East as it does the inherently global nature of the war. Second, it asks what role the memory of the Polish refugee experience serves, both for those who lived through it and for subsequent generations. And finally, it addresses how this memory, beyond the Polish diaspora, might be used to explore more the nuances of life during the Second World War
Conversing: what does it mean to share and stress-test ideas about rethinking island methodologies?
No full textDetection of irregular-shaped clusters on a network by controlling the shape compactness with a penalty function
Get PDFRecent development of cluster detection methods focuses on the improvement of efficiency or accuracy, with the latter yielding a wide range of variants in the shape of the search window, from a simple circle and elliptic shape to more irregular shapes. Detection of irregular-shaped clusters has seen various new approaches as it is considered to capture the shape and extent of clusters more accurately. One of these newly developed approaches achieves the irregularity of the clusters by placing a penalty on the shape complexity of a candidate cluster. This study extends this approach and applies it to a network-space to detect irregular-shaped clusters along a street network segments in a small urban area. The study uses a genetic algorithm to search candidate clusters and identify the most likely cluster using the framework of spatial scan-statistics. Application of the method to a small synthetic data and a real data set revealed that providing options of different cluster patterns with different compactness parameters helps find more accurate as well as geometrically and contextually more meaningful clusters, as opposed to those detected without a shape controlling parameter
Michael Field, Pre-Raphaelite poet: one play and two fair beginnings
Get PDFOn Michael Field as a Pre-Raphaelite Poet. Discusses their poetic drama, Fair Rosamund
Impact of supplementary sensory feedback on the control and embodiment in human movement augmentation
Get PDFIn human movement augmentation, the number of controlled degrees of freedom could be enhanced by the simultaneous and independent use of supernumerary robotic limbs (SRL) and natural ones. However, this poses several challenges, that could be mitigated by encoding and relaying the SRL status. Here, we review the impact of supplementary sensory feedback on the control and embodiment of SRLs. We classify the main feedback features and analyse how they improve performance. We report the feasibility of pushing body representation beyond natural human morphology and suggest that gradual SRL embodiment could make multisensory incongruencies less disruptive. We also highlight shared computational bases between SRL motor control and embodiment and suggest contextualizing them within the same theoretical framework. Finally, we argue that a shift towards long term experimental paradigms is necessary for successfully integrating motor control and embodiment
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