JKAP (Jurnal Kebijakan dan Administrasi Publik)
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Inefficiency of Social Assistance in Reducing Poverty Rates: Recommendations for Alternative Social Policies for Poverty Alleviation in Indonesia.
Full text linkThis article discusses the dominance of social assistance (bantuan sosial/bansos) policies in poverty alleviation in Indonesia, focusing on the political, social, and economic dynamics that influence their implementation. It is emphasized that social assistance, such as the Family Hope Program (Program Keluarga Harapan/PKH) and Direct Cash Assistance (Bantuan Langsung Tunai/BLT), are often the main instruments for short-term poverty reduction, especially in crises. However, their use is frequently politicized, especially in the run-up to elections, as a tool to strengthen the political legitimacy of those in power. This study also critiques the effectiveness of social assistance in addressing the root causes of poverty, such as access to education, employment, and structural reform. The paradox of increasing the allocation of the social assistance budget compared to the rate of poverty reduction suggests that this approach is less significant in the long term. This article proposes alternative policies, including Universal Basic Income (UBI), local economic empowerment, vocational training, and technology-based distribution reforms to increase transparency. The GEAR (Growth, Empowerment, Adaptive, Rational) social policy model is proposed as a strategic framework to reduce community dependence on social assistance, optimize resource distribution, and ensure the sustainability of socio-economic development
When Bureaucracy Fails Democracy: Explaining the Institutional Barriers to Electoral Inclusion in Remote Island Regions
Full text linkDespite extensive democratic reforms and administrative decentralization, Indonesia continues to struggle with persistent voter exclusion in its remote island regions. Existing studies often attribute this issue to technical or logistical limitations, overlooking the bureaucratic and institutional roots of the problem. This study addresses that gap by examining how bureaucratic design and institutional misalignment contribute to the reproduction of electoral exclusion within decentralized yet fragmented administrative systems. Focusing on Flores Timur, an archipelagic district in East Nusa Tenggara, this research employs a qualitative case study approach, utilizing 28 in-depth interviews with election officials, civil registry staff, and local stakeholders, supported by document analysis. Findings reveal that voter exclusion from the Daftar Pemilih Tetap (Final Voter List) is structurally embedded, stemming from the institutional disconnect between the Komisi Pemilihan Umum Daerah (KPUD) and the Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil (Disdukcapil). The absence of a shared, binding data system has created what this study terms an administrative blind spot. In this zone, no agency fully claims responsibility for data accuracy, resulting in passive but recurring disenfranchisement. The study’s novelty lies in theorizing latent disenfranchisement, a form of exclusion produced not by intent but by bureaucratic rigidity, fragmented accountability, and non-interoperable systems. Extending the concept of bureaucratic disenfranchisement, the study offers new insights and policy recommendations for inclusive, coordinated electoral reform
Local Government Efforts in Control of Inflation in Papua's Highlands Province
Full text linkThis research describes the efforts of the Papua’s Highlands Province government in controlling inflation, including policy implications and recommendations that may serve as a reference for future governance. A Qualitative research method was employed using the Miles–Huberman analysis model, supported by NVivo 12 Plus for qualitative coding and VOSviewer for bibliometric analysis. The findings show that inflation is a priority program for the provincial government. Efforts undertaken include restructuring the Regional Inflation Control Team (TPID), establishing a small secretariat team, strengthening the logistics system, improving the Trans Papua Road segment through a Public–Private Partnership (PPP) scheme—particularly the severely damaged Wamena–Jayapura corridor—and promoting local food sovereignty. Special autonomy authority, flexible policy instruments, and adequate development funding are expected to lay a strong foundation for long-term stability and economic sustainability in Papua’s Highlands Province, including maintaining a stable inflation rate
Enacting Deliberative Governance in Innovation of Labour Protection Policy (Case Study in Banyumas District, Central Java)
Full text linkThis study aims to enact labor protection policy deliberations as an alternative policy innovation. By using qualitative descriptive research methods and observations of various models of labor protection policy deliberation in Banyumas Regency and a study of labor protection policy documents in the period 2021-2024, with in-depth interviews with 50 key informants, it can be concluded that two models of policy deliberation are founded. They are an elite model held by executive and legislative actors; the other is called private one handled by labour and corporate organization actors. The two models finally unified to improve the labor protection policy design process, encourage the formation of various public discussions and debates, and encourage the authentic participation of citizens, corporations, and workers. By blending them, the degree of consensus and collaboration across interests autonomously develops their potential and authority to jointly realize the target of social security participation programs. However, there are still various obstacles, including the limited budget and minimal awareness of elite actors. It is recognized that the development of more democratic labor policy deliberations shows a positive trend for regional governments in the future as the new capital for regional development. Because of the wider involvement, participation, availability of legitimate public space and wider collaboration have been proven to significantly improve the quality of labor protection policies at a local level. However, supervision and policy guidance must be carried out by all actors to improve the welfare of workers as a whole
Towards More Effective Public Services: E-readiness Analysis of Indonesia’s BNN One Stop Service (BOSS)
Full text linkThis study investigates the e-readiness of Indonesia's BNN One Stop Service (BOSS), a digital initiative aimed at enhancing drug abuse prevention and recovery services. With a focus on the Bali Province, selected for its high City Drug Threat Response (KOTAN) index, the research examines the challenges BOSS faces in a region struggling with significant drug-related issues. This case study offers valuable insights into the barriers hindering the effective delivery of digital public services in resource-constrained areas. Using the modified STOPE Framework (Strategy, Technology, Organization, People, Environment, and the newly introduced Budgeting domain), the study assesses the operational readiness of BOSS. The methodology includes 13 in-depth interviews with key respondents, including supervisory leaders, service staff, and BOSS operators. The research identifies several operational challenges, including outdated ICT infrastructure, slow internet speeds, and a lack of coordination with other government agencies, that impede service efficiency. Additionally, it reveals significant gaps in the budgeting process, where centralized procurement and financial constraints have caused delays in acquiring critical technology and resources. This study contributes to the field of e-government readiness by introducing the Budgeting domain into the STOPE Framework, thus expanding the scope of e-readiness assessments. The findings highlight the complex interplay between leadership, infrastructure, and regulatory frameworks, providing valuable insights into the challenges of successful digital service delivery, especially in resource-limited settings
WHEN RESILIENCE EXCLUDES: GENDERED POWER, INTERSECTIONALITY, AND COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN COASTAL INDONESIA
Full text linkThis study examines how social, cultural, and institutional configurations shape women’s participation in community-based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR) in coastal Kupang, Indonesia. Despite formal commitments to gender inclusion in disaster governance, women’s participation remains uneven and highly context-dependent. Using a qualitative comparative case study of Kelurahan Lasiana and Kelurahan Oesapa Barat, the research draws on in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, participant observation, and document analysis to explore multi-layered participation dynamics. The findings reveal that entrenched gender norms, time poverty, and hierarchical power relations continue to limit women’s engagement in CBDRR. In both communities, caregiving responsibilities and mobility restrictions reinforce women’s peripheral roles in formal DRR spaces. Cultural configurations act as a double-edged sword: while women’s local knowledge is widely valued informally, patriarchal authority structures and conservative adat and religious narratives constrain their leadership and decision-making influence. Institutionally, a significant gap persists between formal participation mandates and substantive influence. However, Lasiana demonstrates greater progress through supportive leadership, cultural reframing, and participatory innovations such as community mapping and oral histories. In contrast, Oesapa Barat exhibits more rigid cultural scripts and institutional inertia that confine women’s roles to symbolic functions. This study’s novelty lies in its integrative analytical framework and comparative design. It offers new insights into how enabling and constraining dynamics interact across social, cultural, and institutional domains to shape gendered resilience governanc
FROM COLLABORATION TO PARTICIPATION DEFICIT: DYNAMIC OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION MOVEMENT IN RESPONDING TO TOURISM POLICY
No full textThis research aims to describewater source conservation movement from collaboration to deficit participation and description of the cause of participation deficit. Method used was phenomenological qualitative approach. Result shows that tourism policy triggers the birth of environmental conservation movement. This movement departs from the actors’ concern with tourism development triggering land conversionand hotel development potentially damaging their water sources. Collaboration is built by actors with varying background including community activists, NGOs, and academicians. The movement-strategiesyielded include initiating, framing issues, coercingthe policy makers, meeting, lobbying, demonstrating, litigating, and regenerating. All decisions and executions result from “joint discussion (rembug bersama)”. Collaboration runs dynamically but unsustainably because of decreased quantity and qualityof actor participation in joint activities. This collaboration problem is due to participation deficit.Participation deficit is due to: a) structural condition, and b) collective interpretation level and individual experience level. The second factor is affected by lost main problem, ineffective leadership, and incomplete social facilitation. This research concludes that collaboration in community organization faces some constraints affected by the dynamics internal to movement and external to city
Innovative Work Behaviour in Local Government: Innovation Process and Gender Differences
Full text linkThis research aims to identify and understand the barriers affecting public sector employees' innovative behaviors, particularly examining how these obstacles differ across stages of innovation and between genders. Utilizing a qualitative phenomenological approach, the research involved in-depth interviews with 40 informants from six agencies in Kupang City and Kupang Regency. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis techniques, revealing eleven major barriers categorized into political-administrative leadership, public management, and individual factors. Political-administrative barriers include insufficient support from political actors and a restrictive organizational climate. Public management challenges encompass a risk-averse culture, weak interdepartmental collaboration, limited knowledge sharing, bureaucratic constraints, and regulatory rigidity that restricts creative ideas perceived as "out of the box." Another key finding highlights the demotivating effect of redundant local digital innovations replaced by centrally mandated platforms, fostering employee frustration and discouragement. Individual barriers identified include a lack of expertise, limited access to policymakers, and significant gender-related issues such as patriarchy, stereotypes, and domestic responsibilities. The study highlights its novelty by uncovering how regional contextual factors, especially gender dynamics, uniquely shape barriers to innovation. This study uniquely contributes to the literature by specifically examining barriers to innovative work behavior (IWB) in the under-researched context of Eastern Indonesia, focusing on both innovation stages and gender differences
Unravelling the Nexus: Exploring the Relationship Between Various Factors and E – Government: A Case Study of Uganda
Full text linkThis study investigates the relationship between various factors and e-government adoption in Uganda, employing a case study approach. The results of hypothesis analysis reveal mixed findings. Hypotheses concerning the relationship between Culture (BUD) and E-Government (EGOV) (0.168), as well as between Infrastructure (INF) and E-Government (0.151), are both rejected, indicating an absence of significant associations. Similarly, the hypothesis regarding the relationship between Human Resources (HR) and E-Government (0.066) is rejected, suggesting a lack of substantial correlation between the two variables. However, the hypothesis concerning Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and E-Government(0.006) is accepted, indicating a significant relationship between ICT and E-Government adoption, The discussion highlights the nuanced relationship between cultural factors and e-government adoption, suggesting that while cultural norms may influence citizen engagement with digital governance platforms, the impact varies across contexts. Conversely, the robust positive coefficients associated with infrastructure underscore its critical role in facilitating e-government initiatives. This emphasizes the importance of investing in ICT infrastructure to overcome barriers to e-government adoption in Uganda. The interplay between cultural factors and infrastructure underscores the need for a comprehensive approach addressing both aspects to foster effective e-government implementation in the country. R square in this result is 0.874. An R-squared value of 0.874 indicates that 87.4% of the variance in e-government adoption is explained by the model's predictors, suggesting a strong relationship and high explanatory power. This implies that the model effectively captures key factors influencing e-government adoption in Uganda
The policy narrative of the outsourcing system in Indonesia
Full text linkLaw No. 6/2023, which ratifies Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 2/2022 on Job Creation, defines outsourcing as the delegation of part of work implementation to other companies through a written outsourcing agreement. This study aims to analyze the narrative structure of Indonesia’s outsourcing policy using the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF), focusing on key elements such as characters (heroes, villains, and victims), setting, plot, and moral of the story. A total of 132 news articles were randomly selected using the keyword “outsourcing” from online sources between November 2, 2020, and December 31, 2023. The data were analyzed using the Discourse Network Analysis (DNA) application. The resulting narrative portrays both workers and outsourcing companies as victims, while the government, outsourcing companies, and service user companies appear both as villains and heroes. The setting includes various regions in Indonesia and covers aspects of job creation and enhancement, workers’ income and welfare, internal company policies, and human resource management. The narrative plot highlights employment policies, associated challenges, and governance of labor regulations. The moral of the story emphasizes the need for effective labor regulations, strict enforcement of employment policies and laws, ongoing policy evaluation, and robust worker protection mechanisms. To foster synergy among stakeholders in shaping effective policies, the government must ensure clear communication of fair and accountable outsourcing principles and design a robust enforcement strategy to address systemic outsourcing issues