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Design analysis of drainage system design on coal mining land
Full text linkPT Bumi Bara Makmur Mandiri is a mining company engaged in coal mining, located in Hajran Village, Bathin XXIV District, Batang Hari Regency, Jambi Province. The company employs an open-pit mining method, which results in the formation of depressions that act as rainwater catchment areas, creating pools (sumps). To manage these sump areas effectively for mining activities, a mine dewatering drainage system is implemented. Over the past ten years, rainfall data indicates a catchment area of 246.02 hectares, with an estimated rainfall of 280.88 mm for a return period of ten years. The groundwater that accumulates in the pooling area has an inflow rate of 0.11 m/s, leading to a total water discharge entering PIT A of 39.12 m/second. Currently, there is one pump available with a power capacity of 10.83 kW to remove this water. Due to the significant water discharge, it is essential to design an economical open flow that can handle a flow rate of 2.96 m/s. Furthermore, a design for a holding pond is required, as the existing capacity is insufficient to accommodate the incoming water discharge, which hampers the sedimentation process. To address this, a redesigned settling pond with dimensions of 46 m x 36 m x 7 m and six compartments has been proposed. This solution will enhance the effectiveness of the mine drainage proces
The immunostimulant effect of jamblang stem bark (Syzygium cumini L.) ethanol extract against mice macrophages phagocytosis activity and capacity
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the effect of administering Jamblang Stem Bark Ethanol Extract (Syzygium cumini L.) (JSBEE) on the activity and phagocytosis capacity of macrophages in mice (Mus musculus) infected with Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and five repetitions, conducted in-vitro and in vivo test. The treatments for in vitro involved administering distilled water (T0), Stimuno (T1), and JSBEE at concentrations of 10 ppm (T2), 100 ppm (T3), and 1000 ppm (T4). Subsequently, in vivo treatment was conducted using distilled water (T0), stimuno (T1), JSBEE at 10 mg/kg (T2), 100 mg/kg (T3), and 1000 mg/kg (T4). Initially, mice underwent in vivo administration of JSBEE, administered orally via catheter tip, with a dosage of 1 mL per 10 g of body weight. JSBEE was administered orally for 10 days, followed by infection with S. aureus on the 11th day. The in vitro tests were conducted by isolating macrophage cells from the intraperitoneal fluid, to which S. aureus and JSBEE were added. Intraperitoneal fluid collected from the mice was used to prepare smears using the thin blood smear method and Giemsa staining. Macrophage phagocytosis activity was observed and assessed based on the percentage activity formula, and the phagocytic capacity of macrophages was measured by the number of S. aureus cells phagocytosed. The results indicated that JSBEE significantly affected (P0.05) both the activity and phagocytic capacity of macrophages in vivo and in-vitro. The best concentration of JSBEE for increasing both the activity value and phagocytic capacity of macrophages was 100 ppm (T3)
Effect of seed priming on the germination of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) sown in acidic soil
Full text linkoai:jurnal.usk.ac.id:article/46127Upland rice is a type of rice that can be grown in Ultisol. The obstacles to cultivating plants in Ultisol are low pH and high aluminum content which hinders seed germination. Seed priming is a technology that can overcome problems with Ultisol. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of priming on the germination of upland rice seeds in acid soil conditions. The experiment conducted on non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 8 treatments with 3 replications. The data were analyzed for variance and followed by Honest Significant Differences (HSD) at 5% using the Statistic R Program. Seed priming treatments tested were (1) Untreatment; (2) Hydropriming; (3) priming GA3 25 ppm; (4) priming GA3 50 ppm; (5) priming PEG 6000 10%; (6) priming PEG 6000 20%; (7) 0.5% KNO3 priming, and (8) 1% KNO3 priming. Rice seed are soaked in priming for 24 hours. The upland rice seeds of the Inpago 13 Fortiz variety were planted in Ultisol soil media with a pH of 4.45, Al content of 0.44%, and Fe 1.37%. The results showed that the priming treatment increased the germination and themost effective treatment was priming GA3 50 ppm, each value of showed germination (92.38%), germination speed (19.71% day-1), vigor index (83.81%), and time of appearance of plumule (2.96 day)
Optimization of growth rate and feeding efficiency of four economically important in the bioflocs system
No full textAbstract. Research and development of biofloc aquaculture system until now only in the range of 14-15 species conducted. Even though this technology is able to increase production several times compared to conventional systems, so it is necessary to diversify species that allow development, especially economically important fish. There are 4 species of fish that are feasible to be developed, especially freshwater fish groups in wetlands, such as fish (climbing perch; Anabas testudineus Bloch, snakehead, Channa striata Bloch, giant gouramy , Opronemus gouramy and Pangas , Pangasius hypophthalmus. This research has been carried out in the range of June 2023- February 2024 using a complete randomised complete block design, 4 treatments climbing perch; snakehead, giant gouramy and pangas with 4 replicates. Stocking density of 1000 fish 2500 L-1 using 2 m diameter round pond with biofloc media; feeding twice a day and the amount of feed given was 2.5% of total weight, for 158 days. Research parameters included; daily growth rate (%/day), feed efficiency. FCR, weight gain (gr) and length gain (cm), water quality and biofloc content (ml/L). The results showed that the results of the anova test showed a significance value (Sig.) of 0.000 0.05, so there was a significant difference between treatments of the daily growth rate (SGR) parameter, the results of the area test also showed differences between treatments. The highest daily growth rate was obtained in climbing perch, followed by pangas, giant gouramy and Snakehead. The results of the anova test for weight gain showed a significance value (Sig.) of 0.000 0.05, so there was a significant difference between treatments. The anova test results showed a significance value (Sig.) of 0.052 0.005, so there was no significant difference between treatments; the growth of each treatment showed peculiarities between species depending on genes. Anova test results show that the feed conversion of fish research significance value 0.000 0.05 means that the four types of fish studied, significantly different from those reared in the biofloc system Survival rate of fish research significance value 0.000 0.05 means that the four types of fish studied, significantly different from those reared in the biofloc system. Water quality with 4 main parameters is able to support the growth and development of the 4 economically important fish species studied
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with antioxidant activity using Mesona palustris Bl. leaf water extract
Full text linkMesona palustris Bl. has considerable potential. Still, it has yet to be matched by its utilization in nanotechnology, especially nanoparticles (1-100 nm), which have superior physicochemical properties and activities. This laboratory study aims to determine the potential of of Mesona palustris Bl. leaf water extract as a bioreductant and capping agent in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), as well as to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the synthesized AgNPs using the DPPH assay. The biosynthesis method produced optimum AgNPs with a ratio of 1% Mesona palustris Bl. leaf water extract, AgNO3, and dispersing medium 0.75:7:5 (v/v) synthesized for 60 minutes at 55C. The maximum wavelength of AgNPs produced was 433 nm with an absorbance of 0.677. FT-IR spectrophotometric characterization showed that phenolic compounds in the Mesona palustris Bl. leaf water extract is thought to act as a bioreductors and capping agent in the synthesis of AgNPs. SEM results showed that the AgNPs were spherical. Meanwhile, the PSA test results showed the average size of AgNPs was 81 nm, and the polydispersity index was 0.323 (moderately polydispersed). The IC50 value of AgNPs synthesized with Mesona palustris Bl. leaf water extract against DPPH free radicals was 71.501 1.347 g/mL, which is included in the potent antioxidant and better than Mesona palustris Bl. leaf water extract
Microbiological and urinalysis assessment of UTIs in COVID-19 patients at Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh.
Full text linkOne of the secondary infections observed among COVID-19 patients is a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). The presence of bacteria and fungi causes UTI, which can certainly occur after a urine culture. Urinalysis is one of the critical examinations to diagnose UTIs and assess functional disorders in the urinary tract. This study examines the characteristics of microbes isolated from urine specimens and urinalysis results in COVID-19 patients at Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh. This observational analytic study used secondary data from urine culture and urinalysis results of COVID-19 patients by implementing the total sampling technique. This study involved 110 urine culture data from confirmed COVID-19 patients. Comparative analysis of parameters between positive and negative urine culture groups with urinalysis results using categorical variables through the Chi-square test and Fisher's Exact test. The findings suggest that Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., and Candida spp. are the predominant uropathogens in COVID-19 patients, with urinalysis frequently indicating leukocytosis as a marker of urinary tract involvement. Urine culture is the gold standard for quantitatively diagnosing UTIs by determining bacterial density and identifying specific pathogens. Urinalysis, which checks for leukocytes in the urine, can support these results
Bacterial patterns and antibiotic susceptibility among pus culture in dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh
Full text linkThe collection of pus samples is crucial for identifying serious bacterial infections. Accurate identification of the pathogen and selection of the appropriate antibiotics are essential for effective treatment. This study used a descriptive retrospective method to investigate pus specimens bacterial patterns and antibiotic susceptibility at dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital in Banda Aceh in 2023. Out of 1,274 examined pus specimens, 782 yielded positive cultures, revealing 61 bacterial species, predominantly Escherichia coli (22%), Staphylococcus aureus (16%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9%). Gram-negative bacteria constituted 70.20% of the isolates. High antibiotic susceptibility rates were observed for Vancomycin (98%) and Linezolid (98%) in Gram-positive bacteria, while Amikacin (86%) and Meropenem (74.74%) were effective against Gram-negative bacteria. Notable resistance was found in Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (81%) and E. coli resistant to third-generation Cephalosporins (55%). These findings underscore the importance of monitoring bacterial patterns and antibiotic resistance for improved infection management at dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh
Analysis of particle dynamics, event horizon, and thermodynamic properties of black holes in the Ghasemi-Nodehi-Bambi metric
Full text linkBlack holes, as complex astrophysical objects, are strongly influenced by their metric parameters. This research focuses on the Ghasemi-Nodehi-Bambi (G-N-B) metric, an extension of the Kerr solution, which introduces additional parameters to more accurately describe the properties of black holes. The research investigates the impact of parameter variations in the G-N-B metric on black hole thermodynamics, particle dynamics, and event horizon structure. Analytical and numerical methods are applied to examine the quadratic equations governing event horizons, particle motion, and black hole temperature and entropy. The research explores the variation of parameters (M) and (a) within a certain range to evaluate their influence on the gravitational distribution and the effect of frame attraction. The distribution of (M) values was visualized on a logarithmic scale to highlight the sensitivity of the system to parameter changes. The study found that variations in the G-N-B metric parameter significantly affect the event horizon, with the likelihood of extreme black holes or naked singularities forming depending on the discriminant of the quadratic equation. Particle motion is affected by parameters (M) and (a), which alter the gravitational field and orbital stability. The black hole temperature and entropy show significant changes: an increase in (M) increases gravity and surface temperature, while an increase in (a) decreases temperature due to rotational effects. The research improves the understanding of black holes beyond the Kerr model, especially in terms of black hole thermodynamics and time-space structure
The measurement of microbial air contamination index in the pulmonary ward, intensive care unit and pediatric intensive care unit at dr. Zainoel Abidin hospital, Aceh, Indonesia
Full text linkNosocomial infections are one of the major problems in hospitals. Air is one source of nosocomial infections. Hospitals are filled with many patients, their families, and health workers daily. This large number of people allows the spread of various microorganisms through the air in droplets dispersed through breathing, talking, coughing or sneezing. This study used passive air sampling or settle plate method to measure the air quality in the pulmonary ward, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital (RSUDZA). The air microbial contamination index was determined by counting the microbial colonies grown on Nutrient Agar and converted to CFU/m3 of air volume using the Polish Standard PN 89/Z-04008/08 Formula. The results showed that the air microbial contamination index in the pulmonary ward, ICU and PICU exceeded the maximum threshold mentioned in the decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No.1204/SK/X/2004, which was 500 CFU/m3 for the pulmonary ward and 200 CFU/m3 for the Intensive Care Units. Although the findings of this study only represent the large microbial particles pulled by gravity, the high microbial contamination index of each unit trigger air quality alerts. Therefore, adequate air system management and periodic monitoring are needed to improve air quality in the wards and intensive care units at RSUDZA
A station-scale modeling framework for heavy rainfall classification in tropical weather using representative machine learning approaches
Full text linkExtreme daily rainfall in rapidly urbanizing tropical cities frequently overwhelms drainage and disrupts critical services, yet station-scale forecasting remains limited by convective variability and sparse observations. This motivates lightweight, interpretable machine-learning tools that operate on routine station data. We propose and evaluate a station-scale framework to classify heavy-rainfall days (50 mm) in a humid tropical setting. Using 1,796 daily observations from the Soekarno-Hatta Meteorological Station (20182022), we engineered lag-informed predictors (e.g., previous-day rainfall, 3-day sums/means) and compared three representative classifiers, Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF). Class imbalance was addressed with class-weighted training, and models were assessed on a held-out test set using precision, recall, F1, and Receiver Operating Characteristic Area Under the Curve (ROC-AUC). LR achieved the highest recall (0.429), indicating moderate sensitivity to rare heavy-rainfall events, whereas RF yielded the best probabilistic discrimination (AUC = 0.619) but failed to flag positives at the default threshold; SVM displayed near-random behavior. Feature analyses highlighted humidity, temperature, and recent rainfall accumulation as the most influential predictors, consistent with tropical convective processes. Despite severe class imbalance, simple, station-based classifiers can extract actionable signals for rare-event screening in data-limited tropical regions. Operational value is likely to improve through probability calibration and threshold tuning, ensemble integration, and spatial generalization to multi-station settings