Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam
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MENIMBANG KEMBALI KONSEP DAN GERAKAN FUNDAMENTALISME ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Get PDFStudies on religious fundamentalism has re-drawn a serious attention from scholars after the ascalation of a series of religious violence in the name of religion, including in Indonesia. Several theories of political radicalization have been formulated. These theories ironically exert serious implication of stigmatization and over-generalization to Muslims in many parts of the world who have nothing to do with fundamentalist and radical Islam. This article attempts to problematize those theories and concepts of Islamic fundamentalism in Indonesia. This article argues that the definition of Islamic fundamentalism that many scholars have formulated do not work properly. The Indonesian discourses show that Islamic fundamentalism is often seen as movements or thoughts that respond and criticize the ideology of Islamic modernism. A common theory of Islamic fundamentalism in Indonesia divides Islamic fundamentalism into two kinds, namely radical fundamentalism such as Front Pembela Islam, and soft fundamentalism such as Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia and Majelis Mujahidin Indonesia. However, similarities between these two kinds of movement in terms of their views on secularization and democracy are ample so that such s definion is misleading.Keywords: concept of fundamentalism, radical fundamentalism, peaceful fundamentalism
DARI MODERAT KE FUNDAMENTAL: Pergeseran Pemahaman dan Ekspresi Keagamaan Perempuan NU di Ponorogo
No full textA statement declaring that fundamentalist ideology has passed into Nahdlatul Ulama/NU is not exaggeration. This is a real fact that is currently under progress. A puritan and textual understanding of Islam is no longer alien to members of NU even in its basic strongholds. A crucial changing religious outlook from moderate to fundamental has impinged many NU leaders and proponents in traditional Islamic boarding schools (pesantren). A massive expansion of fundamentalist movement and ideology has marginalized the established moderate view. This study explores its findings regarding such changing religious ideology. It found that many NU members hold commonalities in terms of their religious views with those of fundamentalist discourses. They reject elements of local custom in Islamic practices, endorse formalization of shari’a law and support Islamic caliphate. The other members informed that they totally agree on formalization of shari’a law. This shows the changes in NU from moderate to fundamentalist that rejects to accommodate local culture in Islamic practice but support the formalization of shari’a law. Keywords: Islamic fundamentalism, traditionalist-moderate Islam, NU, shifting religious view
KONFLIK ETNIS DI PESISIR TELUK TOMINI: TINJAUAN SOSIO-EKOLOGI POLITIK
Get PDFConflicts have colored human history and occurred in various places. The ranges of conflict vary, from international, national to local scales. There can be economical, political, territorial and other sorts of conflict. One example of common type of the conflicts in Indonesia is local ethnic conflict between Indonesian local government and Bajo ethnic over marine territory at Tomini bay. This research aims not only to analyze this conflict at Tomini bay area but also to explore its causes, types, and resolution. The research uses critical theory and applies historical sociology and case study. The data is analyzed through qualitative method. The research shows that the ethnic conflict at Tomini bay was stimulated by the local government decision to give a license to a timber company and fishing industry at the bay. This policy has threatened Bajo’s social and economic systems at the bay and triggered authority, economy and knowledge conflicts. Intensive dialogues have been conducted to resolve the conflicts but have not yielded significant resolution. The best solution to terminate the conflict and give legal certainty over the use of the bay area is that the conflicting zones must be mapped justly and all interests are accommodated equally
TEACHING USUL AL-FIQH: A MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION MODEL
Get PDFThis paper deals with the teaching of us}u>l al-fiqh (methodology of Islamic law) using a multicultural model. Multiculutral education means an instilling of the values that lead to peace and harmony, which comprise sixteen values, such as equality, mercy, empathy, justice, nationalism, cooperation, tolerance, good opinion, solidarity, mutual trust, self-convidence, responsibility, honesty, sincerity, trustworthy, and deliberation. These values are humanist in nature, and can be found clearly in the primary sources of Islam, such as the Qur’a>n and the Sunna of the Prophet. In the teaching of us}u>l al-fiqh, which is based on a multicultural education, these values should be incorporated into learning. In the process of incorporating these values, the paradigm that is isued is humanist-progressive, which emphasizes the principle and approach of respect for differences and doing more cooperative activities than competitive. In the principle of respect for differences, education is illustrated as mirror, window and conversation, while in the second principle, students are the subject in learning process. The method of teaching that is employed in class includes dialog, cooperation, problem solving, affirmation and democratic boundaries setting
RESOLUSI KONFLIK KAUM KAPITALIS DAN BURUH MELALUI PRODUK BAY’ MURA
Get PDFConflicts have occurred in societies since early time in human civilization and continue up to the present time. Conflicts may happen between two individuals or two groups. But there also conflicts of class between creditors and debtors which has not been resolved. They often dispute over a particular issue but do not find an effective media to tackle it. Sharia banking, a new emerging Islamic system of bank, seems to offer a good answer to this problem. This article aims to explain this financial institution and its products and examines the ways in which its products operate and contribute to solve the problem. There are two products of Syari’ah Banking to solve such a classic problem between debtors and creditors; bay’ al-murabahah and mudarabah. The first product helps mediate capital owners and debtors through a definite mechanism facilitated by Shari’a bank. Through the second product, debtors can enhance their life standard by purchasing stock and share the profits while creditors or capital owners can sell their stock to collect fund without making a bank loan. This is the solution that Islamic banking system contributes
PERBEDAAN CORAK PEMAHAMAN AGAMA ANTARA FUNDAMENTALISME DAN LIBERALISME SERTA DAMPAKNYA BAGI TIMBULNYA KONFLIK KEAGAMAAN
Get PDFAbstract: Religion shapes its followers’ mind and attitudes. Belief in truth of religion often stimulates religious followers to defend such a truth claim and advocate it beyond their religious fellows. This attitude yields personalization and standardization of religious truth to justify others. This article examines fundamental different ways in understanding religion and the impacts of this to religious conflict and the rise of religious fundamentalism and liberalism. Religious values, missions and the idea of salvation often contradict with local-cultural norms and stir up interreligious horizontal conflicts. This is because followers of religion hold a strict view that only their religion is valid while others are wrong. As a result, conflict occurs inevitably. The conflict ranges from ideologies, ideas to physical violence. It should be noted that all religious schools and thoughts, be they fundamentalism or liberalism, express only a small part and relative truth of religion. Therefore, they should co-operate one another to seek the ultimate truth. Without liberalism, fundamentalism cannot find the truth and without fundamentalism, liberalism may not be unable to find the ultimate truth, God
KEBEBASAN BERAGAMA DI SMU SELAMAT PAGI INDONESIA KOTA BATU MALANG
Get PDFThis study attempts to examine the implementation of religious freedom in a multicultural education institution, namely at SMU Selamat Pagi Indonesia (SMU-SPI )in Batu City, East Java. This study focuses on the meaning of religious freedom for the academic community, and the supporting and hindering factors for the implementation of religious freedom in this school which has diverse multicultural backgrounds. This empirical study uses a qualitative- phenomenological approach. It shows some important findings. First, the meaning of religious freedom for the academic community of this school is the freedom for everyone to practice their religion in accordance with the religion and beliefs of each, while respecting the religion and beliefs of others. Second, the application of freedom of religion in this school is expressed through moral conducts amongst the school community such as compassion, good advice, moral support, religious commitment and respect for other religious observance. In addition, the implementation of religious freedom is also evident in the efforts of the school to provide teachers and spiritual guide to students in accordance to their respective religion and in the establishment of places of worship for all religions
MEMBENDUNG ARUS PAHAM KEAGAMAAN RADIKAL DI KALANGAN MAHASISWA PTKIN
Get PDFSurakarta, central Java, witnesses proliferation of Islamic radical groups. Many expect that IAIN Surakarta becomes the strongest bulwark in the city to halt the growth of radicalism. Since 2006/2007, Faculty of Education and Teaching at IAIN Surakarta has adopted a program of Integral Muslim Personality Development Supervision written in a book. This program is potentially used to counter-attack the radical ideology. However, the question arises as to whether the content and curriculum of the program express moderate views of Islam or, even, contrarily spread the seed of radicalism. Using a content analysis, this study examines this program. This study find that a number of materials and references of the book in this program are inspired by and derived from Tarbiyah movement, and therefore it fails to be a counter discourse of radicalism for the students in this department. Even a closer look at into the curriculum and the content of the booklet reveals that the program adopts the Tarbiyah Movement methods and mentoring programs such as halaqa, usroh, mantuba and mutaba’ah. The program is thus not promising to serve an effective means to wage a war against radicalism; it apparantly becomes a firt step toward seeding the Tarbiyah ideology. Keywords: counter radicalism, education curriculum, P2KMI progra
DERADIKALISASI DAN INTEGRASI NILAI-NILAI PLURALITAS DALAM KURIKULUM PESANTREN SALAFI HARAKI DI INDONESIA
Get PDFAbstract: The beginning of twenty first century marks the proliferation of salafi-haraki Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) that blatantly reveals their distinctive thoughts, ideology and movement. These pesantrens advance puritan and literal-textual-fundamental understandings of Islam that potentially endanger the unity of Indonesia as a plural nation-state. The government must not only review the contents, materials and curriculum taught in radical pesantrens but also pay a close attention to their leaders’ and teachers’ methods and approaches to religious education both in class and beyond. This article offers strategies to develop Islamic school so it will not turn to be radical. This article argues that in order to preserve a very basic natural character of Indonesian pesantren, as a place to seed peace and tolerance, salfi-haraki pesantrens must integrate the values of multiculturalism and pluralism into their curriculum. This can be done by translating, assimilating and transforming work on pluralism. The values of pluralism will decimate the seeds of radicalism and fundamentalism and are transformed into agendas and activities, such as regular meeting, religious gathering and informal discussion as part of indirect teaching
DERADIKALISASI PEMAHAMAN AJARAN ISLAM
Get PDFWe have nowadays witnessed a growing trend of the rising of radical religious thoughts amongst Muslims. They are fanatical people who claim to have correctly understood Islam more than others. Even they blame others who do not follow their way as unbelievers. How do such radical views rise? And how can such views be de-radicalized? Radical views initially come out and gradually develop because of exclusive religious outlooks. Since outward attitudes reflect one’s deep mind and worldview, one best way to soften radicalism should begin from de-radicalization of one’s ideology and way of thinking. There should be transformation of Islamic religious thoughts from particularistic to rational-imperative, from exclusive to inclusive, from formalistic to perennial, from mono-cultural to multicultural. De-radicalization needs participation from the government, people and academia. Furthermore, de-radicalization must be a context-based effort, paying great attention to socio-historical contexts where this effort is formulated to avoid rising another form of radicalism.Keywords: de-radicalization, exclusive, perennial, multiculturalis