Indonesian Journal of Geography
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Monitoring mangrove disappearance by remote sensing: A case study in Surabaya, East Java-Indonesia
No full textThis study deals with the application of remote sensing in monitoring mangrove disappearance. Color aerial photograph scaled to 1:30.000 of 1981, numerical data of Landsat satellite taken in 1985 and SPOT satellite data of August 30, 1988 were used. The photograph was interpreted manually, while the digital analysis with DIDACTIM software was applied to the Landsat and SPOT data. Barycentric supervised classification procedure was used in clasiffing mangrove and land use classes. Key interpretation of mangrove type was obtained by field check in 1989.Two types of mangrove (Avicennia sp and mixed mangrove) could be identified both on the aerial photograph and on the SPOT data. The extent of mangrove in 1981 was measured manually, while those in 1985 and 1988 were obtained by multiplying the number of pixel (picture element) and the spatial resolution of Landsat and SPOT respectively. During seven years (1981-1988), there were 852 hectares of mangrove in the study area which have been cut.For mangrove reforestation purposes, two mangrove zonations are presented ; one is based on the salinity gradient, while the other is based on the Ciloto formula. It seems that the second zonation is quite good for the study area
Rural basic service development: An Operational Approach
No full textApproach on the study or rural service development is often both development indicators are interchangeable. However, the two studies are closely related and could contribute one to another. A confusion also exists in the setting up of the concepts of social service and economic service function. As such, the study of service development should have a great care of the study implication in which sectoral action planning should follow-up
Qualitative Analysis Of The San Lorenzo Landslide In The Sant' Arcangelo Region Southern Italy
No full textThis study is applying qualitative analysis based on the multitemporal evidence for generating the expected-landslide hazard map. The study was carried out in San Lorenzo area, Sant' Arcangelo, Southern Italy. The main objectives of this study are: 1) to identify and generate old-landslide map year 1976 and recent-landslide map year 2002, and 2) to generate the expected hazard map based on multitemporal evidence. Interpretation of the aerial photographs has been used to determine the type of landslide and landslide activity in 1976, and fieldwork has been done to check type, of landslide and to determine the landslide activity in 2002. The comparison between activity 1976 and 2002 have been done in order to generate the expected hazard map. Most of the active landslide in 1976 and 2002 are complex and rockfalls type and only small part are spread; slide and flow. Some active landslides in 1976 are still active in 2002 and even inactive landslides in 1976 become active in 2002 and leading to the extended high and moderate hazard area
Integration Of Spa Tio- Temporal Analysis Of Rainfall And Community Information System To Reduce Landslide Risk In Indonesia
No full textIndonesia is vulnerable to many type of disasters including natural and anthropogenic disasters. Indonesian seasonal rainfall also shows inter annual variation. Sediment-related disaster such as landslide is the mostji-equent disaster occurred and significantly was impacted to natural, human. and social environment. Although. many disaster mitigation e.Oorts have been conducted to reduce disaster risk there are still urgently need to improve the early 1varning .\~ystem by communicating the risk into local community. Integration qf spatialtemporal analysis qf rainfall and disaster management information !o~vstem would be required to improve the better disaster management in Indonesia. Application of Disaster A1anagement Information System in the study area will presented including evacuation map that used by the local community
THE CHANGES IN STREAM WATER TEMPERATURE AND WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS DURING RAINFALL EVENTS IN FORESTED WATERSHEDS: SCALING OF OBSERVATIONS
No full textWe studied the changes in stream water temperature (Tw) and waterquality (Wq) during rainfall events in forested watersheds. The parameters ofWq(88, DOC, N03--N, DTN, Na+, 8i and r) were observedinfour regionsof Japanfrom June 2004 to December 2005. The R values between Tw and those Wqparameters and between specific discharge (Qs) and Wq were positive, exceptforthe negativeones (Na+ and Si). Similarto the relationbetweenQs vs. Tw, hystereticloops in the relations between Qs vs. those Wqparameters were clockwise,exceptfor Na+ and Si as counter-clockwiseloops. This indicatesthat the'surfaceand subsurface flows contain higher concentrations of SS, DOC, IC, N03--N andDTN. To the contrary,the deeperpathwayscontainhigherconcentrationsof Na+and Si. These results suggest that the changes in Tw and Wq could be used tointerpret theflow paths
CLIMATE CHANGE AND LIVELIHOOD: THE TWO SIDES OF A COIN
Get PDFThe economic, social, cultural and physical environment of man is interrelated with climatechange. This can be justified by several cities and people, particularly in developingcountries facing alarming threats of climate change. Scholars affirmed that low or poorcapacity to mitigate climate change in most developing cities would in long term swamp thenatural and human capacity systems required to adapt to prevailing impacts of climatechange. The impacts of climatic change on socio-economic activities have being a disturbingdevelopmental issue for governments in developed and developing world. In Most countriesclimate change is a notable environmental factor that shape and re-shape sources oflivelihoods. It has over time forced vast number of people into shackle of poverty throughdestruction of their means of livelihoods. This in recent time manifested in the lost ofproperties, lives, and destruction of infrastructural facilities. This paper unveiled the nexusbetween global climate change and livelihoods. It explored the concepts of livelihood andvulnerability in relation to climate change and its consequent impacts on livelihoods. Thepaper also examines the roles of governance towards adapting and mitigating the effects ofclimate change. It emphasized the need for improved infrastructural facilities, environmentaleducation/ enhanced climate change awareness programme, improved and monitor physicalplanning activities, good/effective governance and establishment of climate change insurancescheme
TOURISM AREA LIFE CYCLE IN LAKE TOBA
Get PDFThis research aimed to analyze both development level and pattern in tourism area aroundLake Toba basing on its life cycle (Butler, 1980). Samples were tourism spots in 7 regenciesin the area of Lake Toba; respondents included 195 householders and 198 tourists.Combined approach (qualitative and quantitative) in this research resulted in thedifferentiation within each spot in the area whose developments do not fully follow the linearline as it is assumed by Butler (1980) i.e. emphasizing the factor of tourist number as a mainindicator in a development. Empirically, all of these tourism spots, as illustrated in previousstudies, experienced a “jump” of development especially on their tourist numbers. Beside thedetermination of quantitative indicator of tourist number, this also happened due to directcorrelation with the factor of product as well as tourism attraction including demographicand economic characteristic of the market of tourists and also the factor of superstructureesp. tourism institutions and policies
Environmental change and household livelihood strategies: preliminary observations from field work in different locations
No full textThe theoretical framework and objectives of a study of environmental change and evolving household livelihood strategies, which will include field work in Central Java, are outlined. Preliminary results of previous, related field work in Luzon (Philippines) and highland Ecuador (South America) are reported. Two changes that seem of importance in both areas so far studied are the increasing importance of commercial farming in central locations (near to village centres) and the decreasing intensity of use of land on the periphery of rural communities. Preliminary observations in Central Java suggest that household livelihood strategies are more diversified than in either case study area in Luzon or Ecuador and that such diversification has increased through time. The relative importance of farming and the use of natural resources does not seem to have diminished
Remote sensing techniques for interpretation of landsurface physical variables related to hydrological phenomena in Lembang Area, West Java, Indonesia
No full textThe variables related to the hydrological processes within a watershed are considered in four categories: climate, landsurface physical processes, and output variables. Based on the properties of the image of the remotely sensed document, landsurface physical variable is one of these categories which is directly visible on the image, in a broad sense, they may vary from landform to geometrical aspect of channel. On the other hand, features that are not visible on the image, such as, underlying formation, can be deduced from related features that are directly visible.The principal methods of aerial photographic interpretation based on the pattern analysis of the landscape features and the division to the smaller features, are characterized by local pattern elements. The aims of the study are: (i) to get appropriate information about landsurface physical variables through aerial photographic interpretation, (ii) to determine and describe the interrelationship between selected landsurface physical variables and the hydrological processes.The geologic structure of•fault of Lembang area changes the landsurface physical condition, such as, surface drainage pattern, drainage density, landform and local slope, and land use. This fault and the landsurface physical changes appear on the image clearly. The development of the surface drainage is shown quite differently betwee
Some Notes on Groundwater As A Domestic Water Supply of The Yogyakarta Municipality
No full textWater supply in Yogyakarta municipality is mainly originated from two main sources, the pipe water and groundwater. The pipe water which is operated by the local drinking water authority does not suffice for the water demand of the people in the city. Tire second source is groundwater, which is used by most people in the city by traditional system. The aquifer of the Yogyakarta which consists of volcanic materials erupted by Merapi volcano is fairly good, however the expansion of the city area toward the northern and north eastern area may reduce groundwater recharge. The rapid growth of population and other city facilities such as hotels may cause groundwater supply to decline. Groundwater quality in certain area may subject to pollution by domestic wastes, assigned by the high content of chemical substances such as iron and sulphate, besides high content of coliform bacteria, and nitrite. Heavy metals were undetected in the groundwater of the are