Indonesian Journal of Geography
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Lineament Extraction using Gravity Data in the Citarum Watershed
Get PDFLineament is one of the most important features showing subsurface elements or structural weakness such as faults. This study aims to identify subsurface lineament patterns using automatic lineament in Citarum watershed with gravity data. Satellite gravity data were used to generate a sub-surface lineament. Satellite gravity data corrected using Bouguer and terrain correction to obtain a complete Bouguer anomaly value. Butterworth filters were used to separate regional and residual anomaly from the complete Bouguer anomaly value. Residual anomaly gravity data used to analyze sub-surface lineament. Lineament generated using Line module in PCI Geomatica to obtain sub-surface lineament from gravity residual value. The orientations of lineaments and fault lines were created by using rose diagrams. The main trends observed in the lineament map could be recognized in these diagrams, showing a strongly major trend in NW-SE, and the subdominant directions were in N-S. Area with a high density of lineament located at the Southern part of the study area. High-density lineament might be correlated with fractured volcanic rock upstream of the Citarum watershed, meanwhile, low-density lineament is associated with low-density sediment. The high-density fracture might be associated with intensive tectonics and volcanism
A Shoreline Change Detection (2012-2021) and forecasting Using Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) Tool: A Case Study of Dahej Coast, Gulf of Khambhat, Gujarat, India
No full textShoreline is one of the coastal landforms which continuously changing in nature. Hence, monitoring of shoreline change is very obligate to understand and manage the coastal process. The objectives of the present study were i) to identify the shoreline change detection (2012 to 2021) based on various statistical methods along Dahej coast, Gujrat. ii) to forecast the shoreline position after 10 years. DSAS tool and Multi-dated satellite images (Sentinel-2 and LISS-IV) were used in present study. The result shows that, the pattern of rate of change was more or less similar with little variation in the values for the 3 different methods. Highest erosion rate was for End Point Rate, Linear Regression Rate and Weighted Linear Regression rate found -33m, -31m, -31m respectively at transect no 54. Highest accretion rate was 38m (EPR), 50m (LRR), 51m (WLR) along a particular transect. The forecast of shoreline position for the year 2032 observed through Kalman Filter Model. Seasonal analysis for 3 years (2016, 2017, 2018) shows the region not having any seasonal pattern
Sediment Movements in Estuary of Siak River, Riau Basin, Indonesia
Get PDFSiak river has a long history as a transportation lane in the east of Sumatera. From traditional to timber transportations are dependent on this river. Now the river is a severe suffering pollutant spill from many sources. Anthropological activities were higher contributions in the degradation of river environments. Many works were reported about pollution in Siak river. But how the distribution of model sediment transport in the mouth of the river is less to be explained. We consider hydrodynamics model of the mouth of Siak river for modeling the sediment distribution. This simulation gives a fundamental and clear understanding of how total solid sediment (TSS) distribution when flood and ebb tide happens. At ebb tide, TSS dispersion is higher than at flood tide. There is found that the sediment is concentrated in the plume of Siak river in Bengkalis strait. The composition of the sediment is dominated by organic matters
Validation of Sea Surface Temperature from GCOM-C Satellite Using iQuam Datasets and MUR-SST in Indonesian Waters
Get PDFSea surface temperature (SST) is an important variable in oceanography. One of the SST data can be obtained from the Global Observation Mission-Climate (GCOM-C) satellite. Therefore, this data needs to be validated before being applied in various fields. This study aimed to validate SST data from the GCOM-C satellite in the Indonesian Seas. Validation was performed using the data of Multi-sensor Ultra-high Resolution sea surface temperature (MUR-SST) and in situ sea surface temperature Quality Monitor (iQuam). The data used are the daily GCOM-C SST dataset from January to December 2018, as well as the daily dataset from MUR-SST and iQuam in the same period. The validation process was carried out using the three-way error analysis method. The results showed that the accuracy of the GCOM-C SST was 0.37oC
The Millennials Metacognitive Assessment toward Flood-Disaster in Semarang City
No full textDisaster management action should be built up through developing metacognitive and action skills. The metacognitive strategy includes aspects of knowledge about when and how to use it by type, specific technique, and response that are assumed related to deal with disasters. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the metacognitive abilities of millennials who are affected by disasters and its relation to disaster management. This study used an observatory exploration and inventory (EOI) method involving 248 respondents in flood-prone areas in the city of Semarang. Data were obtained using a questionnaire-based Guttman model electronic survey as many as 52 statements to inventory metacognition abilities and 48 statements related to actions in flood disaster management. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s linear and regression analysis. The non-parametric analysis: Kruskal-Wallis test was run to distinguish metacognitive scores in dealing with food-related problems among millennials groups. For metacognitive awareness, the cognition knowledge was higher than controlling knowledge (p < 0.05). The highest score of metacognitive variables was debugging strategy, which represents a corrective attitude. As described in the value of conditional knowledge, the ability to think fast shows that the millennials are quickly responding and understanding how to act. Most of the respondent actively involved in mitigation and rehabilitation as a volunteer in youth-events such us mangrove planting and cleaning plastic-trash in coastal areas. But, lack involvement of millennial in arranging flood-disaster management make less youth’s responsibility during the disaster. It should be overcome to create a comprehensive approach to community-based disaster resilience.
Oceanic Effect on Precipitation Development in the Maritime Continent during Anomalously-Wet Dry Seasons in Java
No full textAnomalous rainfall during the dry season over the tropical region is determined by sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies driven by remote forcing. Anomalous precipitation during the dry season in Java (the so-called "anomalously-wet dry season”) has increased the number of hydrometeorological disasters, with notable events occurring in 2010, 2013, and 2016. Here we analyze anomalously-wet dry seasons in Java from 2000 to 2019 using variables such as precipitation, wind, temperature, outgoing longwave radiation, and SST obtained from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission and ERA5 European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis. This study focuses on anomalously-wet dry seasons in Java during the absence periods of negative phase for the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and/or Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) by identification the main caused. The results show that the contribution of local seas is more significant (37%) in developing anomalously-wet dry seasons than La Niña (33%), the IOD and La Niña combined (17%), and the IOD alone (13%). Local Indonesian seas play a significant role in causing extreme precipitation and spread over the Maritime Continent. We also find that SSTs in the southern Java Sea are sensitive to a negative IOD, but not to La Niña
Transformational Adaptation in Agriculture under Climate Change: A Case Study in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka
No full textTransformational adaptation defines as 'changes the fundamental attributes of a system in response to climate and its effects.' Farmers deal with the natural environment and its components such as rainfall, temperature, humidity, and soil condition, which have a high range of variability and uncertainty for their cultivation. The present study focused on the impacts of climate change on the settler community who engage in agriculture as their mainstay and respond to the scenario. Quantitative and qualitative methods have been applied. Twenty samples from a village in the NCP have been selected. Primary outcomes of this study are (a) total awareness of perceptions on climate change; (b) the ambient temperature has been increasing and resulting in more heat stress; (c) frequent and severe occurrence of extreme rainfall anomalies and increasing trend of natural calamities. The area farmers have been adopting several strategies to overcome the negative impacts of climate change, such as transforming from intensification to more intensification that can be identified as Climate Smart Agriculture; crop diversification and adaptation of drought tolerance crops; transforming from agriculture to animal husbandry, and out-migration of unemployed or evicted youth from agriculture to non-agriculture. Institutional involvement is essential to strengthening the adaptative strategies of the people by providing an appropriate crop calendar and suitable crop combination and aware of the way of improving the use of the efficiency of available water for improving the living standard of the people
Physical and Chemical Parameters of Estuarine Waters around South Sulawesi
No full textWater quality parameters can be indicators of pollution driving riverine, estuarine and coastal resource degradation. This study evaluated water quality in the downstream, estuarine and surrounding coastal waters of 8 major rivers around the western, southern and eastern coasts of South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Data on physical and chemical parameters (salinity, temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity, turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate and ammonium) were collected during January 2020. These data were interpolated and mapped using the Kriging tool in ArcGIS 9.3 and analysed using the STORET scale and principle component analysis (PCA). STORET values indicate moderate to heavy pollution, with the most severe pollution in Makassar City. Dominant defining parameters based on the PCA were nitrate, ammonium and DO at the Malili and Makassar sites, pH, temperature, TDS and salinity at the Palopo, Bulukumba and Pangkep sites, conductivity at the Takalar site and turbidity at the Pinrang site
Tourist Attraction and Tourist Motivation in The Patuha Mountain Area, West Java
Get PDFThe Bandung Regency Spatial Plan for 2007-2027 regulates The Patuha Mountain Area as one of the regions that have a special role in the tourism sector. This research was conducted to find out the attractiveness value and motivation of tourists on tourist attractions as well as the relationship between them in The Patuha Mountain Area. Assessment of tourist attractiveness value was based on the completeness of attraction, tourist facilities, and accessibility. Meanwhile, tourist motivation was based on tourist preferences, tourist needs, and tourist travel status. The variables were analyzed using spatial analysis and chi-square test statistics. The results indicated that the high attractiveness value has a nodal destination system, while medium and low attractiveness value has a linear destination system. Tourist motivation was being dominated by flashpacker types. Tourists who visited The Patuha Mountain Area are not being influenced by the attractiveness value of tourist attractions. Although tourist attraction has complete tourist facilities, tourists only focus on the attraction compared to the tourist facilities and accessibility
Hydrogeological Risk Assessment for Groundwater Conservation in the Northeastern Slope Area of Mount Arjuno, Pasuruan Regency, East Java, Indonesia
Get PDFThe northeastern slope of Mount Arjuno, Pasuruan district, East Java province, Indonesia represents a vast and good groundwater resource quality, generally be exploited by some companies for drinking water industries. Water unbalance and quality degradation is presumed to arise because groundwater extraction volume is getting bigger but less control by the regency authority. This study is to figure out the geologic condition and hydrogeological system, conduct groundwater exploitation risk assessment, and develop a conservation program. The study results show that the study area's geomorphological units can be divided into the volcanic summit, volcanic slope, fluvial plain, and anticlinal hills. The lithology comprises sandstone, breccia, and andesite lava of Mount Arjuno and Mount Welirang. The geological structures are anticline, normal fault, and lateral slip fault. Hydrologically, there are three watersheds, including Lumbangrejo, Ketanireng, and Prigen watersheds. The aquifers comprise unconfined to semi-confined aquifers with fissures and intergranular porosity. Based on risk assessment valuation, Pecalukan village of the Ketanireng watershed and Lumbangrejo village of the Lumbangrejo watershed are categorized as very high groundwater vulnerability zones, Karangrejo and Sukoreno villages of the Lumbangrejo watershed, Kedungringin, Kepulungan, and Gunungsari villages of the Ketanireng watershed are categorized as medium vulnerability zone. While, Ngorong village of the Lumbangrejo watershed, Gempeng, Oro-Ombo, Kalisat, and Dukuhsari villages of the Prigen watershed belong to the low vulnerability zone. The proposed conservation programs involve profitable water use safety campaigns, domestic waste, and industrial wastewater management, agricultural activities controlling, sandstone mining regulation, and reforestation.