Indonesian Journal of Geography
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Accuracy of The Level of Critical Water Catchment Area for Flood Mitigation Around Bengkulu City, Indonesia
No full textDisaster mitigation activities require the availability of a potentially flooded area (PFA) map. One of the causes of flooding is the criticality of water catchment areas; the higher the criticality level, the higher the flooding potential. This study aims to determine the accuracy of the model for determining the PFA around Bengkulu City, which was derived from the Level of Critical Water Catchment Area (LCWCA) model developed by the Ministry of Forestry. After obtaining the LCWCA Map, another analysis was performed in order to obtain the PFA Map. Furthermore, the overlaying was carried out with the Existing Flood Map in such a way that the level of accuracy is known. The threshold values from Justice are used to justify the level of accuracy in three categories, namely Good (> 85%), Moderate (70 - 85%), and Poor ( 85%), which means that there was > 85% overlap between areas on the Potentially Flooded Area Map as a result of the analysis of The LCWCA with the area on the Existing Flood Map. There are three sub-watersheds with Moderate accuracy (70 - 85%) and three sub-watersheds with Poor accuracy (<70%
Urban Planning in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah using New Green Spaces Modelling through GIS Application
No full textThe present study investigated the new green spaces modelling in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah using GIS application. It adopted the mental health theory as a theoretical framework. The data of the study was collected through two data collection instruments, namely, questionnaire as well as interview. The quantitative data was analysed through SPSS software while the qualitative data collected from the interviews was qualitatively analysed using thematic content analysis. The findings of the study revealed the most suitable model for potential new green spaces using GIS analysis (descriptive summaries) for urban planning in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah is Quba (25.5%). Moreover, the most prominent challenge facing the design of a new green space in Al-Medinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia, is the weakness of the budget allocated to designing green spaces (86.7%). It is also shown that the most prominent benefits of designing new green spaces for the residents of Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah are the provision of seats and seating areas. Therefore, the participants stress the importance of taking into account the provision of seats and seating places when designing green spaces (93.3%). In terms of the potential of developing urban green spaces in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, the majority of the respondents believe that urban green spaces can be developed, to a large degree, in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah in the future. Therefore, the study recommends that urban green spaces should be developed in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah and the budget allocated to designing green spaces in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah should be also increased. This study could be considered as a guideline for future development that can be used by government in Saudi Arabia
Landslide Risk Analysis in Kelud Volcano, East Java, Indonesia
No full textPandansari village became one of the villages that has frequent landslide events in the period 2009-2015 compared with the surrounding area in Malang regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of landslide risk located within an active volcano. To enhance the comprehensive analysis of landslide disasters, we used a risk concept in this study. The landslide risk analysis was based on 3 determinants, namely hazards, community vulnerability, and regional capacity. The data collections were conducted using observation and documentation for landslide hazards and interviews as well as Focus Group Discussion (FGD) for vulnerability and capacity aspects. The interviewed were applied for community and local government of Pandansari village. The recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed according to recurrent themes in the answers. Findings from field investigation were then confronted with previous existing concepts of human exposure to natural hazards. Furthermore, the landslide hazard data were analyzed using spatial analysis tools, including GIS scoring, weighting, and overlaying weighted sum. The results showed the level of landslide risk has different values depending on the risk parameter, community vulnerability, and regional capacity. The level of landslide risk was divided into three levels, namely high with an area of 557.71 ha, moderate with 774.49 ha, and low with 1118.77 ha. Each of the risk factors, vulnerability, and capacity, has its characteristics in influencing the landslide risk in Pandansari Village. In relation to landslide disaster management, the risk analysis gives comprehensive input reaching good management practice in Pandansari village.
3D Modeling of Subsurface Lawanopo Fault In Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia Using Grablox and its Consequence to Geohazard
Get PDFLawanopo Fault is a horizontal shear fault (sinistral strike-slip) found in Southeast Sulawesi province and is thought to be active during Plio-Pleistocene or mid-late Miocene to the present. This study has been carried out which aims to find out the geometric shapes below the surface of the Lawanopo fault using complete Bouguer anomaly (ABL) data. The ABL data is projected onto a flat plane using the Dampney method at an altitude of 8 km, and the separation of local and regional anomalies is carried out using the upward continuation method at an altitude of 60 km. Three-dimensional (3D) modeling under the surface of the Lawanopo fault is done using the computer program Grablox. Data processing techniques using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Occam inversion. The results showed that a high gravity anomaly of 190-225 mGal was caused by an igneous rock below the surface with a density of 2.7-3.33 gr/cm3 and a thickness of about 13 km, a moderate anomaly of 175-187 mGal caused by Paleozoic igneous rocks aged Carbon with a density of 2.6-2.9 gr/cm3 and a thickness of about 25 km. Low anomaly 115-160 mGal is caused by rocks with a density of 2.0-2.5 gr/cm3 and a thickness of about 22-23 km. The Lawanopo fault constituent rocks consist of alkaline rocks in the basement covered by sediment and metamorphic with a depth of Lawanopo fault more than 15 km and begin to be seen at a depth of 4.3 km of the surface. it is known that the area around the Lawanopo fault is an area prone to earthquakes. But, based on the soil and rock structure around the Lawanopo fault, the compactness and attenuation levels in reducing earthquake waves are quite good, so that land use around the Lawanopo fault tends to be safe
Rural–Urban Transformation and Landuse Dynamics in Gunungpati on the Northern Flank of Mt. Ungaran, Semarang, Indonesia
No full textMost of the northern flank of Mt. Ungaran is subject to intensive land occupation that makes landuse change inevitable. The research objectives of this study were to examine the spatial patterns of land-use dynamics from 1997 to 2018 and to analyze their impact on the rural–urban structure of Gunungpati sub-district using on-screen digitation. Rural–urban structure was analyzed based on landuse composition by area in each village. This research revealed that forest areas and paddy fields were decreasing year by year. Over the study period of 21 years, Gunungpati experienced deforestation of 1,777 ha and increase in built-up area of 1,295 ha, forcing shifting in rural structure. Most villages that were categorized as rural frame zones in 1997 had changed into urban–rural frame zones by 2018. This situation must be controlled, since much of Gunungpati territory plays a significant role as a groundwater recharge zone for the Semarang lowland area.
Drivers of Regional Destination Competitiveness: A DEMATEL – Fuzzy TOPSIS Approach
Get PDFThis paper aims to explore a conceptual criteria framework for measuring tourism destination competitiveness at the regional level to fill the existing gap in literature. This study was conducted in the East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province of Indonesia, by developing a tailored set of criteria for measuring destination competitiveness specific for the regional backdrop through rigorous literature review and in-depth interviews with tourism experts. Moreover, a hybrid MCDM approach combining DEMATEL and Fuzzy TOPSIS techniques was employed to analyze interrelationships and importance rankings of the developed measurement criteria. This research developed a six-factor and twenty-three indicator framework deemed relevant for assessing destination competitiveness at the regional level. The six factors comprise of destination attraction, general infrastructure, superstructure, destination management, price competitiveness, and regional government policy. The DEMATEL analysis revealed regional government policy to be the most influential factor, whilst destination attraction was rendered the most important one. Results from the Fuzzy TOPSIS present the most important indicators from the framework as a natural attraction, accessibility and port infrastructure, accommodation, the image of the destination, and priority towards the tourism sector. Findings from this research provide valuable insights in terms of proposing tourism policymakers with a blueprint of regional destination competitiveness criteria that offers critical inputs for developing medium and long-term tourism strategies
The Integrated Spatial Assessment of The Flood Hazard Using AHP-GIS: The Case Study of Gorontalo Regency
No full textMapping of potential flood hazards is an important element in ensuring proper planning of development and implementing flood disaster mitigation efforts for flooded areas. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the regional-scale flood hazard areas in Gorontalo District using an AHP-GIS integration technique with the focus on factors such as annual rainfall, elevation, slope, soil type, distance to the water bodies, and land-use. The flood hazard was divided into five classes, ranging from very low to very high, and 13.61% of the total area in Gorontalo Regency is classified as either high or very high. Moreover, the distribution of the hazard was verified and 65 events were recorded to have a level of 90.7% and this indicates the model is reliable to assess flood hazard. The results showed GIS-AHP integration is a promising method to accurately predict flood-hazard areas, especially in those with limited data
Ecosystem Services Dynamics in Bogor Regency
No full textThe decline in the quality of ecosystem services in Bogor Regency is indicated by the existence of various natural disasters in recent years. Prudent development must be carried out to minimize the impact of a decrease in the ecosystem services index. The purpose of this research is to map ecosystem services for food supply, water supply, water and flood management, and tourism aspects within 2000-2017. The data used were land cover and land facet maps at a scale of 1:25,000 obtained from BIG, accompanied by a reinterpretation process. The data sources were Indonesia's topographic maps (RBI), Citra SPOT 7, DEMNAS, and field surveys. The ecosystem services index (ESI) is calculated based on an analysis of changes in land use and land facets. The value of ESI was weighted using analytic hierarchy process approaches to each of the variables assessed by experts. The results showed that the largest changes in land use occurred in residential and forest areas. The residential area increased by 1.96%, while the forest area decreased by 1.8% in 17 years. Bogor Regency is dominated by forest and rice fields which are spread over four main landforms, namely volcanic, structural, fluvial, and karst. The most significant increase of 5.65% was found in the clean water provisioning function, while the most significant decrease of 38.47% was found in the tourism and ecotourism sector. Accumulatively, the increase in ESI was 23%, while the decrease was 20.64%. Mitigation efforts that can be done are to maintain the availability of green open space by implementing strong regulations
River Flow Modelling for Sustainable Operation Of Hydroelectric Power Plant in the Taludaa-Gorontalo Watershed
No full textRiver flow discharge is generally measured by multiplying the cross-sectional river area at the measurement point with the flow velocity. However, this approach cannot be used for planning needs which involves knowing the changes in discharge values at all times, which are directly affected by the variations in weather conditions and catchment area systems. This is necessary because planning errors usually lead to unsustainable and interrupted operations. It is possible to determine the changes in the river discharge values using the rainfall-runoff modelling technique through the hydrograph output of the model. Therefore, this study used hydrological modelling techniques to obtain a watershed's spatial and temporal river flow discharge. This involved using parameters such as watershed area, curve number representing land use and soil type, time lag as the delay between maximum rainfall and the occurrence of peak discharge, and the initial abstraction that considers all the losses before the runoff occurred. Moreover, rainfall data were obtained from an ARR station installed around the watershed area, while water level data were retrieved through an AWLR station installed in the river at the debit measurement point. The model was analyzed using HEC-HMS software, while the dependable discharge for power plants was analyzed using the flow duration curve method. The results showed that the rainfall-runoff hydrological modelling technique applied to the Taludaa-Gorontalo sub-watershed could ensure the continuous and sustainable operation of the hydroelectric power plant
The Role of the Peoples of the Uralic Language Family in the Formation and Development of the Russian Civilization
No full textThe study examines the territorial organization of the Ural peoples and languages, reveals the features of the regional interaction and population dynamics, addresses the problems of the ancestral homeland and ethno genesis, the role of Finno-Ugrians in the history of Russia, highlights the acute issues of preserving languages and culture. The research focuses on some features in the development of the Uralic ethnic groups within the framework of the Russian civilization. It is alleged that the ethnic and political consolidation of most Finno-Ugric tribes was born in the bowels of the ancient Russian state and the first sprouts of the future unity of peoples were born, and their role in the powerful national-state construction that unfolded on the huge Eurasian territory of Russia in the period between 16th and 20th century is analyzed. The outcomes confirm that the Finno-Ugric peoples have always been an organic part of the Russian ethno-cultural mosaic. They actively participated in the strengthening of the state, mastered its vast natural wealth, and created the economic power of the country. Due to the fact that in Finno-Ugric, significant attention is paid to the problems of preserving languages and culture among Samoyed peoples, which cannot be called Finno-Ugric, we propose to use the term "Uralistics" more widely. This is a more accurate concept and can be used in the study of cultural processes among the peoples united in the Uralic language family