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Exploiting the biological effect exerted by nanocarriers in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease treatment
No full textMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects ~30% of adults and poses a major health burden, with only one approved pharmacological therapy. This project explores lipid nanocapsules (LNCs) as oral delivery systems for GLP-1 analogs. LNCs are innovative as they act both as delivery vehicles and as therapeutic agents. In early MASLD mouse models, exenatide or semaglutide-loaded LNCs improved glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, and liver inflammation. In advanced, fibrotic MASLD, semaglutide-loaded LNCs were combined with a peptidomimetic against integrin α5. While glycemia and insulinemia improved, neither monotherapy nor combination therapy produced significant therapeutic effects on liver injury, steatosis, inflammation or fibrosis. These results suggest LNCs are a promising tool to prevent progression in early MASLD, but further strategies are needed for advanced stages.(BIFA - Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques) -- UCL, 202
A Population Pharmacokinetic Model and Dosing Algorithm to Guide the Tacrolimus Starting and Follow-Up Dose in Living and Deceased Donor Kidney Transplant Recipients
No full textIntroduction: Tacrolimus treatment is complicated by its narrow therapeutic range and large inter- and intra-patient variability. This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic model and dosing algorithm to predict an individual's dose requirement following living and deceased donor kidney transplantation. Methods: In this international, multicenter, retrospective study, data was collected from patients who had received a living or a deceased donor kidney and received tacrolimus twice daily. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling (NONMEM). Results: This study included 13,427 tacrolimus concentrations from 1180 kidney transplant recipients. A two-compartment model with first-order absorption best described the data. The mean absorption rate was 6.59/h, apparent clearance 20.7 L/h, central volume of distribution 705 L, and peripheral volume of distribution 7670 L. Higher age, creatinine, and hematocrit, as well as lower height, were associated with lower tacrolimus clearance. Tacrolimus clearance was higher for cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A5*1 carriers compared with CYP3A5*3/*3 individuals, and lower for CYP3A4*22 carriers compared with CYP3A4*1/*1 patients. Together, these covariates explained 19.3% of the inter-individual variability in clearance. From the full model, a starting dose algorithm was developed with age, height, and the CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 genotypes as covariates. Both the full model and the starting dose algorithm were successfully internally validated. Conclusions: In this international, multicenter study, age, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 genotype, creatinine, height, and hematocrit were identified as significant covariates associated with tacrolimus pharmacokinetics, and can be used to predict the optimal individual's dose requirement for both living and deceased donor kidney transplant recipients
Effect of biological treatment in uncontrolled severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in Belgium: a multicentre real-world data study
No full textDéconstruire le narratif dominant et repousser les frontières de la connaissance
No full textPrenons un moment pour interroger la façon dont les récits dominants cloisonnent, hiérarchisent et limitent les savoirs, et découvrons comment, à l’image de ces deux journées de Rencontres, la transversalité permet d’étendre les champs multiples de la connaissance et de la créativité. Dans le cadre du festival Transfanimal : https://www.theatrecoeurdeterre.com/ateliers-tables-ronde
Study of the link between calcium, manganese and protein glycosylation in the Golgi apparatus
No full textCover Feature: All‐Atom Quantum Mechanical Methodologies for One‐ and Two‐Photon Absorption of Realistic Systems (ChemPhysChem 11/2025)
No full textThe Cover Feature shows how, by explicitly including the surroundings and dynamic structural effects, all-atom QM methodologies using simplified quantum chemistry methods allow one- and two-photon absorption spectra of realistic systems to be computed within reasonable computational times. Excellent comparisons with respect to experiment are provided for the flavin mononucleotide in aqueous solution as well as two protein
NMR relaxometry investigation about the role of a protective silica layer on Pd/C catalyst
No full textThis work explored the activity and selectivity of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) supported on carbon black (Pd/CB) in the presence of a protective mesoporous silica layer (Pd/CB@SiO2). The performances of these catalysts were compared for the hydrogenation of benzaldehyde, observing, in addition to the strong stabilizing impact of the presence of silica layer which maintained its activity up to 4 reaction cycles, differences in the reaction kinetic, particularly concerning product formation and selectivity. Indeed, besides its proper function of protecting Pd NPs, the porous layer of SiO2 could influence the catalyst-reactant interaction, which in turn modifies the selectivity of the reaction. Therefore, in parallel to the conventional analysis of the catalytic experimental data, the effect of the presence of the silica layer has been studied by NMR relaxometry, as a non-conventional approach of interface characterization operating in the presence of solvent. Considering the hydrogenation of benzaldehyde to benzyl alcohol and toluene, the presence of the SiO2 layer did not influence the activity of the catalyst in terms of reaction rate, but it changed the formation of the products. NMR analyses disclosed the reason on the basis of such difference, showing that the silica layer tends to increase the interaction of the aromatic ring with the catalyst surface, thereby controlling how the molecule approaches the surface of the catalyst active sites
Au nom de l'autonomie : analyses sociojuridiques de l’autonomie des demandeuses d’asile en centre d’accueil en Belgique
No full textThis interdisciplinary dissertation, at the intersection of law and political science, examines the notion of personal autonomy among women asylum seekers residing in reception centres in French-speaking Belgium. It explores autonomy both as a concept within human rights law and as a regulated experience within the reception system. Through a critical analysis of the institutional rationalities and practices that shape this autonomy, this research investigates the legal, political, and social functions it acquires within the asylum context,with a specific focus on women’s reception centres.Cette thèse interdisciplinaire, à la croisée du droit et des sciences politiques, porte sur la notion d’autonomie personnelle des femmes demandeuses d’asile résidant dans les centres d’accueil en Belgique francophone. Elle explore l’autonomie à la fois comme principe en droits humains et comme expérience encadrée au sein des centres d’accueil. À partir d’une analyse critique des rationalités institutionnelles et des pratiques qui façonnent cette autonomie, cette recherche interroge les fonctions juridiques, politiques et sociales qu’elle acquiert dans le contexte de l’asile en général, et dans les centres d’accueil pour femmes en particulier.(DROI - Sciences juridiques) -- UCL, 202
Spectroscopie par modulation de fréquence intra-cavité immunisée au bruit (NICE-OHMS) de la molécule d'eau
No full textEn raison de son importance, la molécule d'eau est au coeur de nombreux sujets de recherche, ce qui en fait la molécule la mieux caractérisée spectralement des microondes à l'UV. Toutefois, avec l'invention des peignes de fréquences et de la spectroscopie laser intra-cavité, la précision des fréquences de résonance peut être améliorée par plusieurs ordres de grandeur, permettant des avancées dans les sciences fondamentales (physique moléculaire, astrophysique, climatologie) et les technologies de pointe (horloges moléculaires, LIDAR, etc.). Nous présentons ici des résultats préliminaires de l’étude de la molécule d’eau à l’aide d’un banc de mesure de spectroscopie par modulation de fréquence intra-cavité immunisée au bruit (NICE-OHMS) développé et fabriqué à l’université d’Amsterdam (VU Amsterdam) et récemment implémenté à l'UCLouvain
Healthcare worker views on antimicrobial resistance in chronic respiratory disease
No full textBackground and objective: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global crisis, however, relatively little is known regarding its impact in chronic respiratory disease and the specific challenges faced by healthcare workers across the world in this field. We aimed to assess global healthcare worker views on the challenges they face regarding AMR in chronic respiratory disease. Methods: An online survey was sent to healthcare workers globally working in chronic respiratory disease through a European Respiratory Society clinical research collaboration (AMR-Lung) focussed on AMR in chronic lung disease. Responses from different geographic regions were analysed. Results: 279 responses were received across 60 countries. 54.5% of respondents encountered AMR in chronic respiratory disease weekly. There were differences in perceived high-priority diseases and species with AMR burden between Europe, Asia and Africa. 76.4% of respondents thought that inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing in chronic respiratory disease was common. However, only 43.4% of respondents thought that there were adequate antimicrobial stewardship programmes in their area for chronic respiratory disease, with limited availability in outpatient (29.0%) and ambulatory settings (24.7%). Developing rapid diagnostics for antimicrobial susceptibility (59.5%) was perceived to be the most common challenge in implementing antimicrobial stewardship, with an improved understanding of regional epidemiology of AMR strains the most important factor to improve outcome (55.2%). Conclusions: AMR has significant perceived burden in chronic respiratory disease by healthcare professionals globally. However, current implementation of antimicrobial stewardship is limited, with significant challenges related to the availability of rapid diagnostics and understanding of regional epidemiology of AMR strains