Jurnal Teknosains
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Kajian kualitas air dan strategi pengelolaan Rawa Jombor, Klaten, Jawa Tengah
No full textRawa Jombor is a semiartificial reservoir whose contruction are works for serving the needs of irrigation in the dry season and as a floading control in the rainy season. Rawa Jombor also used for fish farming and floating restaurant by the community. The existence of the cages and floating restaurant can have a negative impact to the aquatic environment due to the disposal of waste and leftover food and metabolism that is deposited at the bottom of the water. This study aims to analyze the water quality, pollution levels and to develop a management strategy of Rawa Jombor. Water quality is measured at 9 sampling point determined by purposive sampling based on the use of Rawa Jombor. Pollution level is analized uses pollution index and the management strategy uses analytical Herarchy Process. The results show that Rawa Jombor has decreased water quality marked by several parameters that do not meet the class III of water quality standards according to Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001. Rawa Jombor is included in the category of mildly polluted in areas without activity, floating restaurant and fish cage for water allotment class I, II, III and IV with an average pollution index ranging from 1,02 to 2,886. To maintain the continuity of the Rawa Jombor, a management strategy with priority on the economic aspects is needed with the development of the Rawa Jombor for sustainable fisheries
Marginalized community effort to improve environmental quality of poor settlement along riverbank
No full textCurrently, many people live in urban areas and more than 30% of them live in slums or squatter settlements. Urbanization is one of the most transformative trends occurring worldwide, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. At present, more than half of the total population in Indonesia lives in urban areas. The dominance of the urban population shows the urgency to make the urban environment inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable as it is intended to be realized through Goal No. 11 - SDGs 2030. Cities require large spaces and are a major source of wealth and centers of innovation, culture, and politics. The urban area has become the most important arena for people, including low-income communities that live in informal urban spaces that develop spontaneously. This article will share research experiences on the settlements of marginalized communities. With the help of several institutions, the communities are trying to improve the quality of their settlements to become inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. The method used in this research is the descriptive-qualitative method exploring the potential and resources within urban kampong to improve the quality of urban poor settlements. With the discovery of informal urban space patterns and community efforts to improve the quality of their settlements, a sustainable development strategy can be developed to improve urban areas inhabited by low-income people
Pengaruh faktor pengali asimetri terhadap kapasitas beban angkat perempuan Indonesia
No full textManual material handling can improve occupational diseases such as low back pain and musculoskeletal disorders. In an attempt to reduce the risk of injury as a result of such work, NIOSH published the recommended weight limit (RWL) equation. The RWL formulation was made with Europeans and Americans, so this research was conducted to see the suitability of the RWL formulation for Asians, especially Indonesians. The participants of this study were 30 Indonesian women students. The independent variable in this research is the asymmetry multiplier. The participants perform asymmetric lifting in 0, 30, 60, and 90 degrees with the frequency of 1 lift/min in a 30-minute duration. Other multiplier factors such as the vertical multiplier, distance multiplier, and coupling multiplier are made to have a value of 1. The weight of the load lifted by the respondent is adjusted to the maximum load that each respondent can lift comfortably, which is usually called the maximum acceptable weight of lift (MAWL). The heart rate data used for analysis is the heart rate in the last five minutes. In addition, respondents also filled out the Borg RPE scale. The results of this study were that the heart rate increased from an average resting heart rate of 83.12 beats/minute to 90.6 beats/minute. The statistical test results showed that there was no significant effect between asymmetry lifting tasks on heart rate, energy expenditure, and the Borg's Scale RPE (α = 0,05). Energy expenditure in this study is still below the threshold set by NIOSH. From this study, the predicted AM equation of physiological for Indonesian (energy expenditure) is AM = 1 - (0,0024A) and the predicted AM equation of RPE is AM = 1 - (0,0029A)
EDITORIAL
No full textSalam hangat untuk seluruh pembaca Jurnal Teknosains! Kami mempersembahkan edisi terbaru Jurnal Teknosains Volume 13, Nomor 1, Edisi Desember 2023. Dalam edisi ini, kami menyajikan pandangan komprehensif mengenai permasalahan beragam di Indonesia. Penelitian-penelitian beragam yang kami sajikan berasal dari kontributor yang ahli dengan latar belakang disiplin ilmu yang beragam, mulai dari Geografi, Biologi, Managemen Bencana, Teknologi Pertanian dan Industri dan Produk Tekstil. Di edisi ini juga, kami bekerjasama dengan Seminar Nasional Bioteknologi VIII 2022 untuk menerbitkan artikel yang lebih beragam. Artikel ilmiah yang pertama membahas kerentanan tinggi terhadap korban jiwa akibat tsunami pada malam hari, karena pada saat itu manusia cenderung berada di dalam bangunan permukiman (rumah) yang dapat terkena dampak. Studi ini menggunakan Microsoft Building Footprint (MBF), sebuah teknologi kecerdasan buatan, untuk mengekstraksi bangunan permukiman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis jumlah populasi manusia yang terpapar tsunami pada malam hari dengan menggunakan MBF. Pemodelan tsunami dilakukan menggunakan metode Berryman, dan citra Sentinel 2-A diekstraksi dari Google Earth Engine. Artikel ilmiah kedua mengevaluasi pengaruh faktor pengali asimetri terhadap kapasitas beban angkat perempuan Indonesia dalam penanganan material manual. Dengan melibatkan 30 mahasiswi, penelitian ini menilai kesesuaian rumusan Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) yang awalnya dikembangkan oleh NIOSH dengan responden Eropa dan Amerika terhadap populasi Asia, khususnya Indonesia. Artikel berikutnya mengangkat persoalan kualitas air dan strategi pengelolaan Rawa Jombor, sebuah waduk semi buatan di Desa Krakitan, Kecamatan Bayat, Kabupaten Klaten, Jawa Tengah. Rawa Jombor digunakan untuk budidaya ikan dalam keramba dan usaha warung apung, namun keberadaan ini dapat menyebabkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan perairan akibat pembuangan limbah dan sisa pakan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas air, tingkat pencemaran, dan merumuskan strategi pengelolaan Rawa Jombor..
Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan berobat penderita tuberkulosis paru di kota Sorong
No full textTuberculosis is still a major burden of disease in Indonesia. The disease is highly transmissible, and if it is resistant to drugs, treatment can be take a long time. Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis will be difficult to cure if there is no regular treatment. This study aims to identify factors related to patient adherence to tuberculosis treatment in Sorong City. The study uses a cross-sectional design with 72 respondents. Data collection through interviews with a structured questionnaire. Samples were pulmonary tuberculosis patients recorded as having followed treatment for at least two months from 2018 to 2019 at RSUD Sorong. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test. The results showed that 55.6% of respondents adhered to treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. The variables associated with adherence in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Sorong City were drug side effects (p-value = 0.013) and the support of the supervisor taking medication (p-value = 0.000). In order to improve adherence to tuberculosis treatment, health workers should create a tracking system for patients who are non-compliant and expand case management’s capacity to advise patients
Efektivitas sistem gabungan penukar kalor-udara tanah dengan kolektor surya untuk pendinginan ruangan di kota Medan
No full textEnergy is one of the main things in a country's economic growth, but saving energy is one of the main challenges in the world today. In developing countries such as Indonesia, the energy sector is considered a crucial sector, because consumption demand increases compared to production. Therefore, to reduce energy consumption it is necessary to save energy. Earth-air heat exchanger cooling systems are one of them. The research objective was to determine the effectiveness performance of the EAHE system on changes in room temperature according to weather conditions in Medan city. The implication of this research is to reduce the consumption of electricity or fuel oil and environmental pollution. The test room has dimensions of 200 cm x 200 cm x 200 cm. Testing using a flat plate type solar collector to help the process of air movement by taking advantage of differences in air temperature. The testing process starts at 08.00 WIB to 17.00 WIB for nine hours everyday. The measurement results show that various weather conditions include radiation intensity, ambient temperature and humidity. During the test, the radiation intensity ranged from 38.10-892.12 W/m2, the variation in ambient temperature from 24.65-35.29oC and the average air humidity 68.93%. The experimental data showed that the fluctuation of indoor air temperature ranged from 23.01 to 31.84oC and the average room temperature 27.83oC. This study resulted in an average effectiveness value of the EAHE system of 51.49%. According to the result of the statistical studies, the weather conditionsthe effectiveness of the EAHE system by51,56%
Analisis potensi penerapan teknologi produksi bersih pada c-maxi alloycast, Yogyakarta
No full textCV C-Maxi Alloycast is an industry engaged in the manufacture of household appliances (pans) made of aluminum which is located in Yogyakarta. The aim of the study was to identify the potential application of clean production principles in CV C-Maxi Alloycast. The methods used were production process mapping, waste analysis through liquid waste testing and potential analysis of clean production principles. The results obtained for the production process were smelting aluminum and scrap, pouring molten metal into molds, lifting molds and providing coolant, lifting castings, turning, filing, quality control, storage and distribution. Based on the laboratory test, the characteristics of the liquid waste produced by the CV C-Maxi Alloycast were pH 8.9; COD 52.1 mg/L; BOD 21.4 mg/L; TSS 6660 mg/L; Fe 4,2440 mg/L; Cu 0.0130 mg/L; and Zn 0.0893 mg/L. All parameters indicate that the value meets the quality standard, but the TSS content did not meet the NAB (Threshold Value) which refers to the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the Republic of Indonesia No. 5 of 2014 and the Regulation of the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) No. 7 of 2016. Clean production opportunities were: good housekeeping, application of 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) on solid waste, construction of B3 Waste TPS and capacity building of human resources. Environmental performance had increased based on the Green Industry Standard (SIH) from level 1 to level 2 with a value of 53% to 65% with the implementation of clean production. The economic performance of implementing clean production gains a profit of Rp. 77,412,000,-/year, then the second alternative, namely recycling aluminum scrap is an economical alternative to clean technology with a 5-year NPV value of Rp. 37,853,056,558,- Implementing clean production can have a positive impact on the environment and the economy
Architectural typology of water infrastructure: Case study of green open space and heritage site of perigi pekasem in Bangka Belitung
No full textIndonesia as the top 10 countries in extensive groundwater extraction, has fallen behind in providing basic water services infrastructure. While the water utility in Indonesia only provides 35.15% coverage nationally. As case, Bangka Belitung as the lowest province in water management provision with only 17.26% coverage faces tremendous sustainable issues because of its massive exploitation of water usage for domestic, industrial, and especially tin mining activities. Indeed, in spite of fact that water infrastructure is always an essential part of the history of the built environment such as the Roman aqueduct, India’s Stepwell, and Nasqa Puquio. In Indonesia has shown that the number of architectural studies focused on improving the water services is small. In response to Sustainable Development Goals number 6 on clean water and sanitation, this study aims to contribute and mainstream the discussion of green infrastructure in the architecture discourse by analyzing and identifying its typology and design elements using the heritage-built environment of Bangka Belitung’s perigi as the case study. The result of identified design elements and typology on the cultural landscape can further be used to enrich the architecture discussion and design vocabulary on Indonesian cities’ urban fabric and contribute to the expected achievement progress on sustainable development goals.
Editorial
No full textJurnal Teknosains merupakan salah satu jurnal di bawah Sekolah Pascasarjana UniversitasGadjah Mada yang memiliki minat serta program studi yang beragam. Dengan berangkatdari keilmuan lintas disiplin, Jurnal Teknosains edisi Juni ini juga mengemban semangat yangberagam dalam menerbitkan suatu hasil atau karya ilmiah dari beragam disiplin ilmu. Selain itu,penerbitan di edisi ini telah memilih delapan artikel dari lintas institusi. Hal tersebut dilakukanuntuk menambah diversifikasi penulis dari Jurnal Teknosains agar semakin memberikan dampakyang luas dalam bidang publikasi, khususnya dalam bidang sains dan teknologi secara nasional
Structural performance of 1 way and 2 way setback with the soft first story using ddbd
No full textIrregular building structures increasingly varied, such as setback buildings and buildings with soft level stiffness irregularity on the first floor of the building (soft first story). High-rise buildings are at risk of collapse due to earthquakes. Designing efficiency requires a Direct Displacement Based Design (DDBD) method. In this study, the DDBD method uses pushover analysis on soft first-story buildings without a setback,1-way setback, and 2-way setback. This study aims to obtain the value software's value of displacement, story drift, ductility, plastic hinge response, and performance levels study indicates that the displacement value of the soft first-story building without setback is smaller than the setback building. In addition, the value of displacement and story drift in the setback building with a soft first story is influenced by the small setback area ratio. The highest displacement and story drift values in the X direction are 1-way setback buildings, which are 0.422 m and 0.0147 m, while in the Y-direction, the 2-way setback buildings are 0.44 m and 0.0167 m. The most significant value of actual ductility is a building without setbacks with a soft first-story. The plastic hinge response in all three buildings shows a strong column weak beam. The level of structural performance in all three buildings is at the level of Immediate Occupancy, where the value of the performance level of the FEMA 356 method is greater than the ATC 40 method