Jurnal Teknosains
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SLUM, SQUATTER, AND QUASI-SQUATTER HOUSING DEPRAVITY IN YOGYAKARTA
No full textThis studyaims at deepen our understanding of the slum-squatter housing issue in relation to thedifferences in household socio-economic factors. The theoretical basis of the study comes from literatureon self-help housing,consolidation, and marginality especially by J. Turner and colleagues. Threehousehold factors are key to the processes of taudification and consolidation in this city namely, income,dependency burden, and land tenureship.This studyattempts to synthesise a facility allocation model i.e. a Client-Oriented model; and to establish thetheoretical background of the concept of Self-Help housing advocated by Turner and friends. The study findsout that self-help housing as proposed by these researchers lacks a theoretical and philosophical setting. Inthis context, the study advances the Self-Care Ethic philosophy and a Covering Law theory as the departureof self-help and housing consolidation policies in urban settlements. With this in mind, the Client-Orientedmodel is instrumental because its purpose is to determine the degree of housing and facility in a settlement
OPTIMALISASI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN UNTUKAGROFORESTRI DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI CIMANUK PROPINSI JAWA BARAT
No full textWatershed-based management in areas at the boundary of water sheds until now has not been realized. Basicadministrative process is still practiced in management, and sectoral ego is still high. Though watershed area is asystem, when an error occurs in the upper management, it will have an impact on down stream are as. Watershedmanagement is still focused on the economic benefits compared to environmental aspects. This research aims todevelop land evaluation models and economic evaluation to support the optimization of the use of land-based agroforestry. This study uses the physicall and evaluation with Ver.1.0 SPKL land evaluation model, which aims todetermine the level of suitability of the land for agro forestry crops and the economic valuation of environmentalservices approach. The results of this study are in the form of land use optimization appropriate tothe physicaland economic aspects of the approach, for the development of sustainable agriculture(agro forestry). The resultsobtained from this research can bring an idea about the amount(dollars) that can be produced by a plant agroforestry
COLONIZATION OF MANGROVE FOREST AT ABANDONED SHRIMP-POND OF SEGARA ANAKAN-CILACAP
No full textDuring the 1996 to 1997, large areas of mangrove forest in the Segara Anakan were cleared and converted into intensive shrimp-ponds. After one to two years, these shrimp-ponds failed and were abandoned. These abandoned ponds created large gap areas and canopy gaps, which were colonized by mangrove shrub and liana. The Segara Anakan mangrove also experienced heavy siltation, and there were tree cuttings from the remnant of the mangrove trees. This research aimed to study the colonization of mangrove vegetation at the abandoned-shrimp pond. Vegetation data were collected using rectangular plots of 25 m x 25 m with 4 replicates. The water qualities were also studied. The results revealed that the mangrove forests were composed of two layers: canopy tree and floor-vegetation. The gap areas triggered the pioneer species of mangrove shrubs and liana, Acanthus ilicifolius and Derris heterophylla, to colonize and dominate 100% of the mangrove forest floor. The mangrove trees consisted of natural and planted tree species. The natural trees were Sonneratia alba, Avicennia alba, and saplings of Aegiceras corniculatum, which varied between 56 – 136, 4, and 4 individuals per ha, respectively. The planted trees were Rhizophora apiculata, which amounted to 4 – 12 individuals per ha, at the island of the ponds. These trees and saplings were entangled by the liana mangrove, which disturbed their growth. The A. ilicifolius and D. heterophylla prevented the mangrove tree propagules to grow, and they colonized and characterized those abandoned shrimp-ponds, which threatened the Segara Anakan mangrove ecosystem.
MODEL OF MICROCLIMATIC INFLUENCE ON FLUCTUATION OF HERPETOFAUNA DIVERSITY IN CAMPUS AREA
No full textThe study on correlation of microclimates changes on fluctuations of herpetofauna diversity in campus area wasdone for the last six years. Monitoring herpetofauna diversity was conducted from 2007 to 2012 using VisualEncounter Survey. The analysis for designing a model on the influence of microclimates on fluctuations ofherpetofauna diversity performed by using smart PLS program. The result showed eight (8) species of amphibiansand twenty four (24) species of reptiles were identified within the last six-year visits (2007-2012). New country recordsof Lepidodactylus cf lugubris (Geckonidae) species were documented. The results also showed that fluctuations ofherpetofauna diversity in campus area was influenced by microclimates elements. The model of microclimaticinfluence on fluctuations of herpetofauna diversity showed that the humadity becomes a major factor influencingon fluctuations of herpetofauna diversity in campus area with the predictive-relevance (Q2) value is 99,817%
BIOMATERIAL UNTUK RESTORASI FUNGSI DAN ESTETIKA
No full textperkembanganteknologi dalam bidang biomaterialmemberi kontribusi besar dalam duniakedokteran gigi. Keterlibatan disiplin ilmulain dalam mengembangkan teknologi yangrelevan memberi kontribusi yang sangatbesar dalam lahirnya inovasi baru baikdari segi teknik maupun filosofi perawatandenta
CONTACT ANGLE MEASUREMENT OF DENTAL RESTORATIVE MATERIALS BY DROP PROFILE IMAGE ANALYSIS
No full textThe capability of initial microbial adhesion to dental restorative composites surface is influenced by the surface wettability of the materials. The common method to evaluate surface wettability of materials is contact angle measurement. The existing conventional method to measure contact angle is by means of a contact angle (CA)-Goniometer device, which is less practically applicable in clinical circumstances. Therefore, a more practical and applicable method is needed to measure contact angle in clinical circumstances. This research was performed to compare between contact angles measured by means of a CA-Goniometer device and a new practical method of drop profile image analysis. In addition, since there were two different formulas that can be used to calculate contact angle value from a drop profile image, then we also need to evaluate which formula is more reliable to be used. Tests were carried out using three composite discs (Clearfill-Kuraray Medical, Inc.) sample and deionised water for different measurement procedures. One drop of 3µl liquid was dropped onto the surface of the composite discs, and the drop profile image was captured by means of a customized home-made device connected to a digital camera. Two different formulas were used to calculate the contact angle value from the drop profile image, namely the “linier gradient equation” and the “tangential line”. The contact angle values obtained from the two different formulas were compared with the value obtained from the conventional method descriptively. Tests were carried out using three composite discs (Clearfill-Kuraray Medical, Inc.) sample and deionised water for different measurement procedures. One drop of 3µl liquid was dropped onto the surface of the composite discs, and the drop profile image was captured by means of a customized home-made device connected to a digital camera. Two different formulas were used to calculate the contact angle value from the drop profile image, namely the “linier gradient equation” and the “tangential line”. The contact angle values obtained from the two different formulas were compared with the value obtained from the conventional method descriptively. The differences in percentage between the contact angle value calculated by the “linier gradient equation” and “tangential line” formulas, and those calculated by means of the CA-Goniometer are 20,56% and 3,51%, respectively. It is obviously demonstrated that the value obtained by the “tangential line” formula has a smaller difference compared to those obtained by the “linier equation gradient” formula. Among the two different formulas, it is confirmed that the contact angle value calculated with the “tangential line” formula has closer similarity with the value obtained from the CA-Goniometer. This result confirms that the new practical method of drop profile image analysis is promising for measuring contact angle values in clinical circumstances. Related to the drop profile image analysis, the “tangential line” formula is more accurate compared to the “linier gradient equation” formula
OPERATIONS RESEARCH STRATEGI EFISIENSI BERMULA DARI PERANG
No full textPenggunaan nama operations research inimemang tidak dapat lepas dari sejarah awalperkembangan ilmu ini. Berawal dari zamanperang dunia kedua, ketika pemerintahanInggris dan Amerika menghadapi permasalahanterbatasnya ketersediaan logistikperang yang harus dialokasikan ke beberapaoperasi militer dan aktivitas lain yangmendukung operasi militer ini sehinggamemerlukan sebuah strategi distribusilogistik yang efektif dan efisien. Gunamerumuskan strategi ini, maka dibentuklahtim yang terdiri dari sejumlah ilmuwanuntuk mengaplikasikan pendekatan ilmiahuntuk memecahkan permasalahan ini. Timini diberi tugas untuk melakukan research on(military) operations. Tim ilmuwan inilah yangselanjutnya dikenal sebagai tim operationsresearch (OR) yang pertama kali. Salah satuhasil dari tim ini adalah hasil risetnya tentangstrategi pengaturan operasi kapal selam yangmenghasilkan kemenangan dalam perang diAtlantik utara
LANSKAP EKOLOGI KESERASIAN DAN KEMENARIKAN KEPARIWISATAAN ALAM DI WILAYAH YOGYAKARA UTARA
No full textThis study examines the extent of landscape ecology and attractiveness of the natural environment in the tourism area in the region north of Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta northern region has objects and natural tourism attractions of the venture capital in its tourism development footprint. The compatibility and attractiveness level of the environment is one of the most important factors to determine the region’s level of potential environmental compatibility and attractiveness, so that the characteristics and the distribution pattern of the attractiveness and harmony of nature in the tourism region can be known. The results showed that the landscape level of ecological harmony and the attractiveness of the environment after the 2010 eruption had a significant amount of the index. The higher the quality of the natural (physical) environment and social (human and socioeconomic) culture is, the higher the level of harmony and attractiveness of the region. Landscape ecology establishes harmony between the social component (population) and the natural environment (bio-physical), suchthat they form a potential tourist attraction at the site of nature tourism in the region north of Yogyakarta.
ADSORPSI PENCEMARAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI PENYAMAKAN KULIT OLEH KITOSAN YANG MELAPISI ARANG AKTIF TEMPURUNG KELAPA
No full textChitosan has been used as biosorbent. In addition to having advantages, chitosan as biosorbent also has disadvantages. Chitosan is very soluble in low pH, so it cannot adsorb Cr (total) at low pH. It is because the active site (amine group) of chitosan undergoes protonation, and its adsorption capability is easily influenced by anions in waters. Therefore, this research studied the use of chitosan coating on active charcoal of coconut shell to increase the adsorption capability of Cr (total), BOD, and COD. This research was done to evaluate the characteristics of the liquid waste quality with or without Wastewater treatment unit (IPAL), and compare them with the Regulation of DIY Governor number 7/2010. It also studied the effect of pH and Concentration of chitosan coating on active charcoal as adsorbent on the decrease of Cr (total), BOD, and COD concentration in the liquid waste of leather tanning. The results indicate that the liquid waste of the leather tanning industry with and without Wastewater treatment unit (IPAL) have exceeded the quality standard for the liquid waste of leather tanning industry. An ANOVA statistical test indicated that Cr (total), BOD, and COD are significant at 0.05 (p < 0.05), with various pH influencing the decrease in Cr (total), BOD, and COD. The highest removal percentage resulting from the effect of chitosan concentration coating on active charcoal is obtained in adsorbent C (K3A1), with Cr (total) (91.9%); BOD (99.5%); and COD (98.47%).
PERKEMBANGAN LAYANAN TRANSPORTASI PERDESAAN PADA WILAYAH BERBUKIT
No full textTransport service development generally indicates some development problems and transport troubles in particular. This research analyses the development of rural transport services in Kemalang Sub-district, Klaten District, Central Java Province using qualitative research method and Case Study research approach. Primary data were collected by in-depth interviewing of 26 respondents, which was supported by secondary data from institutional survey. Transport service development was reviewed in three development stages; those are before 1990, 1990-2005 and 2005-2010. There have been alterations in the dominant transport service used during those three periods, from non-motorized private transport service to motorized public transport services, and then to private transport services of motorcycles. That development has led to positive changes in the character of transport services, such as the increase of transport service availability, flexibility and capability in solving nature’s restrictions, so that they promote mobility and accessibility. One negative change is the decrease of traffic safety.