Hochschulschriftenserver der TH Wildau
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Transfer zwischen Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft
No full textHauptaufgabe der staatlichen Hochschulen ist es, Wissen zu schaffen und nutzbringend in die Gesellschaft, insb. in Wirtschaft und Verwaltung zu transferieren. Dies geschieht traditionell durch Forschung und ihre Publikation sowie durch Lehre und den Ausstoß von Absolventen. In den letzten Jahren wird von der Politik zunehmend auch die sog. „Dritte Mission“ (Kooperation, Technologietransfer etc.) von der Wissenschaft eingefordert. Alle drei Transferwege werden jedoch gleichzeitig auch von der Politik behindert. Der Artikel greift drei Beispiele hierfür heraus: Die Untätigkeit gegenüber dem Aufbau einer privatwirtschaftlichen Bezahlschranke für die öffentliche Nutzung staatlich finanzierter digitaler Publikationen, die aktive Förderung des Aufbaus einer Sprachbarriere zwischen Landessprache und Wissenschaftsbetrieb und das Versäumnis, die freie online-Publikation aller Abschlussarbeiten zur Erlangung wissenschaftlicher Grade sicherzustellenThe main task of public universities is to create knowledge and to profitably transfer it to society, particularly to economy and administration. This is traditionally done through research and its publication, as well as through teaching and the output of graduates. In recent years, politics has increasingly called for the so-called „third mission“ (cooperation, technology transfer etc.) from science. However, all three transfer paths are also hindered by politics at the same time. This article picks out three such examples: The failure to act on the establishment of a private sector pay barrier to public use of government-funded publications, the active promotion of building of a language barrier between national language and scientific community and the failure to ensure free online-publication of all theses leading to scientific degrees
A moonlighting role for enzymes of glycolysis in the co-localization of mitochondria and chloroplasts
No full textGlycolysis is one of the primordial pathways of metabolism, playing a pivotal role in energy metabolism and biosynthesis. Glycolytic enzymes are known to form transient multi-enzyme assemblies. Here we examine the wider protein-protein interactions of plant glycolytic enzymes and reveal a moonlighting role for specific glycolytic enzymes in mediating the co-localization of mitochondria and chloroplasts. Knockout mutation of phosphoglycerate mutase or enolase resulted in a significantly reduced association of the two organelles. We provide evidence that phosphoglycerate mutase and enolase form a substrate-channelling metabolon which is part of a larger complex of proteins including pyruvate kinase. These results alongside a range of genetic complementation experiments are discussed in the context of our current understanding of chloroplast-mitochondrial interactions within photosynthetic eukaryotes
Dynamic pattern generation by singlemode fibers for endoscopic 3D measurement systems
No full textThis work presents experimental and simulation results of a 3D measurement concept based on fiber-optic interference pattern generation. A demonstrator system which is able to adjust different optical and mechanical parameters is described. The results of parameter variation studies are discussed along with possible applications in the field of micro-optical 3D measurement systems like endoscopes. The experiments were prepared with different structures with various scattering properties. To implement that approach into a micro-optical 3D measurement system, the combination of distance variation between the fibers and a controlled phase shift introduced by a retarder can be used to design the system versatile
Solar power in product development
No full textThe availability of electrical energy is one of the essential basic elements for economic growth and humanitarian living conditions. In one of the poorest regions of Western Africa - in the savannah region of northern Togo - the central expansion of electricity grids has not taken place. Decentralized solutions based on renewable energy systems can help here and promote the region's development. In the presented paper, the various renewable energy carrier systems were examined with regard to their use in the savannah region of Western Africa. The solar energy carrier system could be used as a power supplier in the secondary conversion process to mechanical power. Subsequently, a prototype for a clay brick production machine was designed and a digital mock-up was developed. Together with the partners in Togo, the prototype is built and tested in the field. Experiences are being gathered in cooperation with Bonita-Haus and will be incorporated into the educational content in Togo as well as at the Technical University of Wildau. This will make a significant contribution to the utilization of the technology at the site and to improving the living conditions in Western Africa
Künstliche Intelligenz als Chance für die deutsche Textilindustrie? Dokumentation zum Foresightprozess
Get PDFDie Dokumentation des Foresightprozesses zum Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz in der deutschen Textilindustrie im Jahr 2030 enthält neben der detaillierten Darstellung des methodischen Vorgehens eine Analyse des Status quo der Textilindustrie, zwei mögliche Szenarien zum Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz und entsprechende Handlungsansätze. KMU der Textilindustrie, IT-KMU und Intermediäre sollen für mögliche KI-Anwendungen und damit verbundene Herausforderungen sensibilisiert werden.
Der Foresightprozess in Form einer Szenarioanalyse wurde im Zeitraum Oktober 2019 bis Juni 2020 in enger Abstimmung mit dem Mittelstand 4.0-Kompetenzzentrum Textil vernetzt durchgeführt
Betriebliche Effizienzgrößen für Ridepooling-Systeme
No full textRidepooling stellt eine viel diskutierte Mobilitätsform dar. Ad-hoc und in der Regel von mobilen Endgeräten übermittelte Fahrtwünsche einzelner Fahrgäste werden bedarfsgesteuert, fahrplanfrei und vollflexibel zu möglichst effizienten, geteilten Fahrten gebündelt, welche im Regelfall mit Vans oder Kleinbussen durchgeführt werden. Sowohl aus Betreibersicht als auch insbesondere aus der Sicht von Genehmigungsbehörden stellt sich dabei die Frage nach der betrieblichen Effizienz von Ridepooling-Systemen, welche nicht zuletzt für die Bewertung der Konformität zu öffentlichen Verkehrsinteressen, speziell einer effizienten Nutzung öffentlicher Verkehrsinfrastruktur, relevant sein können. In diesem Zuge werden teilweise auch bereits Aspekte wie Umwegfaktor, Besetzungsgrad und Leerkilometeranteil diskutiert. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden diese Aspekte als ein Teilergebnis der Arbeit des FGSV-Arbeitskreises 1.6.1 "Verkehrliche Anforderungen an Ridepooling-Systeme" zu einem Kennzahlensystem zusammengefügt, die vollständigen Ausführungen finden sich dabei in Liebchen et al. (2020)
Design and manufacturing of an unmanned aerial vehicle with air quality control system
No full textWithin the scope of this project, a fully functional model of an unmanned aerial vehicle with an air control system was developed and implemented as a prototype. By using the mobile measuring stations, it is feasible to measure the air quality in any part of the city, independent of the measuring altitude
Ten simple rules on how to write a standard operating procedure
No full textResearch publications and data nowadays should be publicly available on the internet and, theoretically, usable for everyone to develop further research, products, or services. The long-term accessibility of research data is, therefore, fundamental in the economy of the research production process. However, the availability of data is not sufficient by itself, but also their quality must be verifiable. Measures to ensure reuse and reproducibility need to include the entire research life cycle, from the experimental design to the generation of data, quality control, statistical analysis, interpretation, and validation of the results. Hence, high-quality records, particularly for providing a string of documents for the verifiable origin of data, are essential elements that can act as a certificate for potential users (customers). These records also improve the traceability and transparency of data and processes, therefore, improving the reliability of results. Standards for data acquisition, analysis, and documentation have been fostered in the last decade driven by grassroot initiatives of researchers and organizations such as the Research Data Alliance (RDA). Nevertheless, what is still largely missing in the life science academic research are agreed procedures for complex routine research workflows. Here, well-crafted documentation like standard operating procedures (SOPs) offer clear direction and instructions specifically designed to avoid deviations as an absolute necessity for reproducibility.
Therefore, this paper provides a standardized workflow that explains step by step how to write an SOP to be used as a starting point for appropriate research documentation
Integrative Approach to Phlebotomus mascittii Grassi, 1908: First Record in Vienna with New Morphological and Molecular Insights
No full textSand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) are blood-feeding insects that transmit the protozoan parasites Leishmania spp. and various arthropod-borne (arbo) viruses. While in Mediterranean parts of Europe the sand fly fauna is diverse, in Central European countries including Austria mainly Phlebotomus mascittii is found, an assumed but unproven vector of Leishmania infantum. To update the currently understudied sand fly distribution in Austria, a sand fly survey was performed and other entomological catches were screened for sand flies. Seven new trapping locations of Ph. mascittii are reported including the first record in Vienna, representing also one of the first findings of this species in a city. Morphological identification, supported by fluorescence microscopy, was confirmed by two molecular approaches, including sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) protein profiling. Sand fly occurrence and activity were evaluated based on surveyed locations, habitat requirements and climatic parameters. Moreover, a first comparison of European Ph. mascittii populations was made by two marker genes, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), and cytochrome b (cytb), as well as MALDI-TOF mass spectra. Our study provides new important records of Ph. mascittii in Austria and valuable data for prospective entomological surveys. MALDI-TOF MS protein profiling was shown to be a reliable tool for differentiation between sand fly species. Rising temperatures and globalization demand for regular entomological surveys to monitor changes in species distribution and composition. This is also important with respect to the possible vector competence of Ph. mascittii
Tech Report Dezember 2020 : ein komprimierter Überblick über aktuelle und aufkommende Technologien
No full textDie COVID-19-Pandemie hat fast jeden Aspekt des Lebens verändert, vom privaten, also wie Menschen leben und arbeiten bis zum beruflichen, wie beispielsweise Unternehmen mit ihren Kund*innen interagieren oder wie Kund*innen Produkte und Dienstleistungen auswählen und schlussendlich kaufen. Und genau diese Veränderungen bieten Chancen, um mit neuen Anwendungen von Technologien die eigenen Produkte oder Geschäftsmodelle zu innovieren. Aus diesem Grund stellt der letzte Tech Report (Stand Dezember 2020) des Kompetenzzentrums IT-Wirtschaft nicht nur aktuelle und aufkommende Technologien vor, sondern gibt auch einen kurzen Einblick, welche konkreten Innovationen aufgrund der Covid-19 Pandemie entstanden sind. Vielleicht setzt die ein oder andere Anwendung, die in dem Artikel vorgestellt werden, Impulse für eigenen unternehmerische Innovationsideen. Die Basis des Artikels ist das interaktive Tech Radar des Kompetenzzentrums IT-Wirtschaft. Daher gibt der vorliegende Artikel nicht nur einen Einblick in den Aufbau des Radars, sondern fasst auch die zentralen Inhalte zusammen und gibt konkrete Beispiele zur Technologieanwendung