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ANALISIS KEPUASAN MAHASISWA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN INTERNET BANKING REFERENSI DARI PERGURUAN TINGGI (STUDI KASUS: PERGURUAN TINGGI DI KOTA SURABAYA)
No full textThe purpose of this study is to find out whether the students who have owned and used internet banking service facilities from banks that have been determined by the college really feel the satisfaction caused by the efficient level, benefits and security of the internet banking usage. And is it true that efficiencies, benefits and security together have a causal relationship to the level of student satisfaction in the use of internet banking services from banks that have been determined by the college. Questionnaires distributed to respondents are limited only to students in private universities ie universities surabaya who have experience at least 1 year using internet banking. While the sampling using accidental sampling method. The results showed that all the students who own and use internet banking service facility feel satisfaction based on the causal relationship by each of 3 object that is efficient, benefit and security with significant level less or equal to alfa 5%. Except, the object of benefit is significant at alpha 5.2%. And together these three objects are efficient, benefits and security provide a significant positive relationship to the level of student satisfaction as consumers of internet banking
service users of the banks that have been suggested by the college.
 
PENGARUH PERSONALITY TRAITS DAN CONGRUITY TERHADAP CUSTOMER SATISFACTION DAN BRAND LOYALTY PADA STARBUCKS DI SURABAYA
Get PDFAbstrak - Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh dari personality traits dan congruity terhadap customer satisfaction dan brand loyalty pada Starbucks di Surabaya. Data yang diambil dari 150 konsumen Starbucks dianalisis dengan menggunakan Structural Equation Model (SEM) dengan program Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) versi 18 dan Lisrel versi 8.7. Responden secara acak diambil dari konsumen Starbucks di Kota Surabaya, Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, ditemukan bahwa variabel congruity tidak berpengaruh terhadap variabel customer satisfaction dan brand loyalty. Selain itu hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa personality traits berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap congruity, customer satisfaction, dan brand loyalty.
Kata kunci: Personality traits, Congruity, Customer Satisfaction, Brand Loyalty, Coffee shop.
Abstract - The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of personality traits and congruity on customer satisfaction and brand loyalty of Starbucks in Surabaya. Data from 150 Starbucks’ customers were analyzed using Structural Equation Model (SEM) via the Statistical Package for Social Sciences computer program version 18 and Lisrel version 8.7. Respondents were randomly drawn from Starbucks’ customers in Surabaya city, Indonesia. Based from test results, it was found that congruity not impact on customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. Another result shows that personality traits have positive and significant impact on congruity, customer satisfaction, and brand loyalty.
Keywords: Personality traits, Congruity, Customer Satisfaction, Brand Loyalty, Coffee sho
Pengaruh Penamaan Produk oleh Konsumen terhadap Purchase Intention dengan Psychological Ownership sebagai Mediator
Get PDFAbstrak--Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penamaan produk dengan purchase intention dengan psychological ownership sebagai mediator. Pada penelitian ini, partisipan berjumlah 40 orang mahasiswa dengan usia minimal 18 tahun. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan metode pengambilan data dengan cara metode eksperimen dengan membandingkan perbedaan rerata tiap kelompok. Pengumpulan data menggunakan perlakuan dan kuesioner yang berisi data demografi, angket terbuka, dan alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Purchase Intention dan Psychological Ownership yang telah diadaptasi oleh peneliti. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis statistic, uji beda paired t-test, path analysis untuk menganalisis mediator serta crosstabs. Hasil dari penelitian ini sebagai berikut : (1) Product naming dengan metode self-naming memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dengan purchase intention melewati psychological ownership. (2) Product naming memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap purchase intention (Mself-name = 13.90, p<0.05). (3) Product naming memiliki signifikan terhadap psychological ownership (Mself-name = 14.90, p<0.05). Hal ini berarti bahwa ketika konsumen berpartisipasi dalam pembuatan produk, maka konsumen akan secara tidak langsung merasa memiliki produk tersebut yang akan bisa meningkatkan minat pembelian.. Penelitian ini dapat diterapkan ke masyarakat luas untuk memperkenalkan produk baru.Kata kunci: Product naming, Self-name, Purchase Intention, Psychological Ownership
Abstract--This research aims to determine the impact of product naming to purchase intention using psychological ownership as a mediator. A total number of 40 university students are conducted as participants minimum age of 18 years. The sampling in this study using a simple random sampling techniques. This research is a quantitative research and using experiment to collect the data. Experiment in this research is used to compare the average differences between each group. Data collection uses a questionnaire including demographic data, open-questions, and a Purchase Intention and Psychological Ownership scale that has been adapted by researcher. Data analysis uses statistical analysis, paired t-test, and path analysis to analyse the mediator and crosstabs. The results of this research are as follows: (1) Product naming with self-naming method has a positive and significant impact to purchase intention through psychological ownership. (2) Product naming has a positive and significant impact to purchase intention (Mself-name = 13.90, p<0.05). (3) Product naming has a positive and significant impact to psychological ownership (Mself-name = 14.90, p<0.05). This shows that when consumers participate in a product manufacturing process, consumers will indirectly feel of owning the product and increase an interest in purchasing. This research can be applied to a wider range to promote new products.Keywords: Product naming, Self-name, Purchase Intention, Psychological Ownership
 
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Struktur Modal pada Seluruh Badan Usaha Sektor Non-Keuangan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2013 - 2017
Get PDFAbstrak - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi struktur modal. Variabel yang digunakan adalah growth, tangibility, size, dan liquidity Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel berupa seluruh perusahaan sektor non-keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada 2013-2017. Sampel akhir yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 1630 observasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode fixed effect, dimana hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa growth, tangibility, size, dan liquidity memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap capital structure pada seluruh perusahaan sektor non- keuangan yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2013-2017. Kata Kunci: struktur modal, utang, pertumbuhan, ukuran perusahaan, struktur aktiva, likuiditas, Indonesia, BEI
Abstract - This study aims to analyze the factors that influence capital structure. The variables used are growth, tangibility, size, and liquidity. This study uses a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression. This study uses a sample in the form of all non-financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013-2017. The final sample used in this study was 1630 observations. This study uses the fixed effect method, where the results of the study show that growth, tangibility, size, and liquidity have a significant negative effect on capital structure in all non-financial sector companies listed on the Stock Exchange for the period 2013-2017.
Keywords: capital structure, debt, growth, Indonesia, ID
Integrasi Servqual, Kano, Kansei Engineering dan QFD untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Layanan di Restoran Bakmi PGM Surabaya
Get PDFAbstrak – Untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan di Restoran Bakmi PGM pada penelitian ini digunakan beberapa metode integrasi pengukuran kualitas, yaitu metode SERVQUAL, Kano, Kansei Engineering dan QFD. Berdasarkan hasil survei terhadap 100 orang pelanggan Restoran Bakmi PGM, didapatkan nilai mean kepentingan terbesar yaitu karyawan terasa ramah dan sopan didalam memberikan pelayanan. Mean harapan terbesar yaitu kebersihan ruang makan. Mean kenyataan terbesar yaitu kesediaan dan kemauan karyawan dalam menginformasikan menu (yang tersedia maupun tidak tersedia). Untuk skor kepuasan terdapat 12 atribut layanan yang memiliki skor kepuasan positif dan 9 atribut layanan yang memiliki skor kepuasan negatif. Untuk Kano, terdapat 8 atribut layanan yang termasuk kategori attractive, 9 atribut layanan yang termasuk kategori one-dimensional, dan 4 atribut layanan yang termasuk kategori must-be. Sedangkan untuk nilai mean kansei words terbesar yaitu “Lega”. Dari hasil integrasi, terdapat 9 atribut layanan yang memiliki skor kepuasan negatif, memiliki nilai yang signifikan, berkategori attractive, one-dimensional, must-be, serta berkaitan dengan kansei words tertentu yaitu pada Kecepatan dan ketanggapan karyawan dalam melayani pelanggan baru atau yang butuh bantuan, Rasa aman saat makan di Bakmi PGM, Pengucapan selamat datang, terima kasih dan permohonan maaf, Layanan delivery order yang mudah dan cepat, Ketepatan jam buka dan tutup Bakmi PGM. Solusi perbaikan yang dapat disarankan untuk Restoran Bakmi PGM adalah Desain menu makanan diperbarui, Metode training yang baru, Penilaian kinerja karyawan, Re-layout Restoran Bakmi PGM, Menjalin kerjasama dengan penyedia jasa antar makanan online. Solusi tersebut dipilih karena memiliki nilai importance of how diatas rata-rata.
Kata Kunci: servqual, kano, kansei engineering, qfd, restoran
Abstract - To improve service quality in Bakmi PGM Restaurant, this research used several methods of integration of quality measurement, namely SERVQUAL, Kano, Kansei Engineering and QFD methods. Based on the results of a survey of 100 Bakmi PGM Restaurant customers, it was found that the mean value of the greatest interest was that employees felt friendly and polite in providing services. Meaning the biggest hope is the cleanliness of the dining room. The biggest reality is the willingness and willingness of employees to inform the menu (which is available or not available). For satisfaction scores there are 12 service attributes that have positive satisfaction scores and 9 service attributes that have negative satisfaction scores. For Kano, there are 8 service attributes which include attractive categories, 9 service attributes including one-dimensional categories, and 4 service attributes which are categorized as must-be. As for the mean value of the highest kansei, "Relief". From the results of integration, there are 9 service attributes that have a negative satisfaction score, have significant values, attractive categories, one-dimensional, must-be, and are related to certain words of meaning, namely the speed and responsiveness of employees in serving new customers or those who need help , Feel safe when eating at Bakmi PGM, welcome pronunciation, thank you and apologies, Easy and fast delivery order service, Accuracy of opening and closing hours of Bakmi PGM. The remedial solution that can be suggested for Bakmi PGM Restaurants is updated food menu design, new training methods, employee performance appraisal, re-layout of Bakmi PGM Restaurant, and collaborating with online food delivery providers. The solution was chosen because it has an importance of how value above the average.
Keywords: servqual, kano, kansei engineering, qfd, restauran
Stabilitas Fisika‐Kimia Sediaan Krim Dan Gel Esktrak Kental Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera)
Get PDFAbstrak- Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa stabilitas fisika (organoleptis, tipe emulsi, bobot jenis, ukuran partikel, ukuran droplet daya sebar, viskositas, sifat alir) dan kimia (pH), dan aktivitas antioksidan dari sediaan krim dan gel dengan ekstrak kental daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) sebagai bahan aktif. Formula sediaan yang dibuat yaitu krim basis, krim ekstrak kental daun kelor 3%, gel basis, dan gel ekstrak kental daun kelor 3%. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 28 hari. Hasil pengamatan bobot jenis daya sebar, viskositas, serta pH dianalisis dengan metode analisis statistik Anova one-way dengan nilai signifikansi 0, lebih kecil dari α = 0,01, sehingga hipotesis ditolak. Hasil pengamatan organoleptis, tipe emulsi, ukuran partikel, ukuran droplet dianalisis secara deskriptif. Aktivitas antioksidan dari krim basis, krim ekstrak kental daun kelor, gel basis, dan gel ekstrak kental daun kelor ditunjukkan dengan nilai % peredaman radikal bebas berturut-turut sebesar 45,94%, 93,19%, 40,83% dan 90,36%. Kesimpulan hasil analisa dari keempat formula tersebut menunjukkan ketidakstabilan baik secara fisika dan kimia, serta aktivitas antioksidan pada sediaan gel ekstrak kental daun kelor lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan krim ekstrak kental daun kelor.Kata kunci: krim, gel, Moringa oleifera, antioksidan, stabilitas
Abstract- The aim of the research is to observe the physical stability (organoleptic, emulsion type, density, particles size, droplets size, density, spreadibility, viscosity, flow properties), chemical stability (pH), and antioxidant activity of cream and gel containing Moringa oleifera leaves extract as the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). There are 4 formula in this research, including cream base, Moringa oleifera leaves extract 3% cream, gel base, and Moringa oleifera leaves extract 3% gel. Observation was carried out in 28 days. The results of density, spreadibility, viscosity, and pH was analyzed using Anova one-way, showed that the significance values are 0, smaller than α = 0,01, so the hypothesis was denied. The results of organoleptic, particles size, droplets size, was observed descriptively. Antioxidant activity of cream base, Moringa oleifera leaves extract cream, gel base, and Moringa oleifera leaves extract gel showed by %RSA (Radical Scavenging activity), which values are 45,94%, 93,19%, 40,83% dan 90,36%. The final conclusion are all of the formulas was not stable physically and chemically, also the antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera leaves extract gel is higher than Moringa oleifera leaves extract cream.Keywords: cream, gel, Moringa oleifera, antioxidant, stabilit
Pengaruh Remitansi, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, dan Ketimpangan Pendapatan Terhadap Kemiskinan di Indonesia Periode 1987‐2017
Get PDFAbstrak--Kemiskinan merupakan salah satu persoalan yang dihadapi berbagai negara termasuk Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh remitansi, pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan ketimpangan pendapatan terhadap kemiskinan di Indonesia dengan periode waktu dari 1987 hingga 2017. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan data time series. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data sekunder yang dipublikasikan oleh Badan Pusat Statistik dan World Development Indicators yang diterbitkan World Bank Data yang kemudian diuji menggunakan regresi linear berganda Ordinary Least Square. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa remitansi memiliki hubungan positif dan signifikan, sedangkan pertumbuhan ekonomi memiliki hubungan negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan di Indonesia periode 1987-2017. Sementara itu, ketimpangan pendapatan memiliki hubungan positif dengan kemiskinan di Indonesia periode 1987-2017 namun tidak signifikan.
Kata kunci: Kemiskinan, Remitansi, Pertumbukan Ekonomi, Ketimpangan Pendapatan
Abstract--Poverty is one of the problems faced by various countries including Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of of remittances, economic growth, and income inequality on poverty in Indonesia with a period of time from 1987 to 2017. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach with time series data. The data used in this study are secondary data published by Badan Pusat Statistik and World Development Indicators published by the World Bank Data and tested using Ordinary Least Square multiple linear regression. The regression results show that remittances have a positive and significant relationship, while economic growth has a negative and significant relationship to poverty in Indonesia in the period 1987-2017. Meanwhile, income inequality has a positive relationship with poverty in Indonesia in the period 1987-2017 but is not significant
Keyword: Poverty, Remittances, Economic Growth, Income Inequalit
Stabilitas Fisika-Kimia Krim Serbuk Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) dan Krim Ekstrak Kental Daun Kelor (Morimha Oleifera)
Get PDFAbstrak - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sediaan yang stabil dari krim serbuk daun kelor dan krim ekstrak kental daun kelor serta membandingkan besar kemampuan aktivitas antioksida. Krim diformulasi dengan variasi bentuk bahan aktif yaitu formula 1 (krim basis), formula 2 (krim serbuk daun kelor) dan formula 3 (krim ekstrak kental daun kelor) yang disimpan pada suhu 26°C± 2°C / RH 63% ± 5% selama 28 hari. Pengamatan parameter stabilitas fisika dan kimia dilakukan pada 0, 7, 14, 21 dan 28. Data hasil pengamatan stabilitas fisika meliputi parameter organoleptis, tipe emulsi, bobot jenis, ukuran partikel, ukuran droplet, daya sebar, viskositas dan sifat alir. Pengamatan stabilitas kimia meliputi pH dan data pengamatan kemampuan aktivitas antioksidan. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan one-way ANOVA (α = 0,01). Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan adanya ketidakstabilan pada parameter organoleptis (bau), ukuran droplet, ukuran partikel, viskositas dan pH. Kemampuan aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 45,94% untuk formula 1, 68,05% untuk formula 2 dan 93,19% untuk formula 3. Sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa krim serbuk daun kelor dan krim ekstrak kental daun kelor tidak stabil secara parameter stabilitas fisika maupun kimia (pH). Kemampuan aktivitas antioksidan krim ekstrak kental daun kelor lebih besar dibandingkan krim serbuk daun kelor.
Kata kunci : Stabilitas fisika, stabilitas kimia, krim, Kelor (Morings oleifera)
Abstract - The aim of this study was to look at stable formulation of Moringa leaf powder cream and Moringa leaf extract cream and also to analyze the effect of time storage on physical and chemical stability of Moringa leaf powder cream and Moringa leaf extract cream. The cream has benefit as an antioxidant. Cream were formulated with variations the form of active ingredients namely formula 1 (cream base), formula 2 (cream of Moringa leaf powder) and formula 3 (cream of Moringa leaf extract) which is stored at 26 ° C ± 2 ° C / RH 63% ± 5 % for 28 days. Observations of physical and chemical stability parameters were carried out at 0, 7, 14, 21 and Data observed on physical stability included organoleptic parameters (color, smell, texture), emulsion type, density, particle size, droplet size, spreadability, viscosity and flow properties. Observation of chemical stability includes pH and the ability of antioxidant activity. Analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA (α = 0.01). The results showed instability on organoleptic parameters (smell), density, droplet size, particle size, spreadability, viscosity and pH. The ability of antioxidant activity was 45.94% for formula 1, 68.05% for formula 2 and 93.19% for formula So, it can be concluded that the Moringa leaf powder cream and Moringa leaf extract cream were not stable in physical or chemical parameters stability. The ability antioxidant activity of Moringa leaf extract cream was higher than Moringa leaf powder cream.
Keywords : Physical stability, chemical stability, cream, Moringa oleifer
Pembuatan Aplikasi Sosial Media “Pet Mate” Berbasis Android
Get PDFAbstrak- Pada zaman modern ini memelihara hewan peliharaan merupakan kegemaran tersendiri bagi setiap orang. Hewan peliharaan merupakan seekor hewan yang dirawat dan diperlakukan secara lebih layak dan istimewa daripada hewan-hewan lainnya. Hewan peliharaan pun terdiri dari beraneka ragam jenis dan ras yang mempunyai ciri khas tersendiri. Hewan peliharaan juga memerlukan kebutuhan biologis yaitu berkembang biak dengan cara kawin dengan lawan jenisnya. Namun, dalam mengawinkan hewan peliharaan terdapat berbagai macam kendala, seperti tidak adanya pasangan bagi hewan tersebut, ketidakcocokan dengan hewan yang akan dikawinkan, dan masih banyak lagi. Sedangkan, pada era modern ini dengan adanya teknologi informasi dan komunikasi sebagai contohnya adalah sosial media yang berkembang sangat pesat, di mana sekarang sosial media dapat membantu para pemilik hewan peliharaan dalam mempermudah pencarian pasangan bagi hewan peliharaannya sesuai dengan kriteria yang diinginkan dan juga dalam area tertentu pula. Dengan memanfaatkan pemrograman berbasis android, pemilik hewan dapat menggunakan aplikasi dalam mencari pasangan untuk hewan peliharaannya. Selain itu, fitur chatting yang didukung oleh firebase cloud messaging dapat mempermudah komunikasi antar pemilik hewan dalam proses mengawinkan hewan peliharaan. Dengen demikian aplikasi ini dapat memudahkan para pemilik hewan peliharaan untuk mencarikan pasangan bagi hewan peliharaannya melalui fitur-fitur yang tersedia dalam aplikasi.
Kata Kunci: sosial media, hewan peliharaan, perkawinan hewan, perkembangbiakan hewan, komunikasi
Abstract- In modern times, caring for pets is a hobby for everyone. A pet is an animal that is cared for and treated more properly and specially than other animals. Pets also consist of various types and races that have their own characteristics. Pets also need biological needs, namely breeding by marrying the opposite sex. However, in marrying a pet there are various kinds of obstacles, such as the absence of a partner for the animal, incompatibility with the animal to be mated, and many more. Meanwhile, in this modern era with the presence of information and communication technology as an example is social media that is growing very rapidly, where now social media can help pet owners in facilitating the search for a partner for their pets according to the desired criteria and also in certain areas also. By utilizing Android-based programming, animal owners can use the application in finding partners for their pets. In addition, chat features supported by Firebase cloud messaging can facilitate communication between pet owners in the process of mating pets. Thus this application can make it easier for pet owners to find a partner for their pets through the features available in the application.
Keywords: social media, pet, animal marriage, animal breeding, communicatio
Pengaruh Perbedaan Perbandingan Kosnsentrasi Surfaktan dan Kosurfaktan 45:5, 40:10, 35:15 terhadap Stabilitas Fisik Self- Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (Snedds) Atenolol dengan Fase Minyak Zaitun (Olive Oil)
Get PDFABSTRAK-Penelitian ini membahas tentang bagaimana cara meningkatkan kelarutan serta bioavailabilitas atenolol di dalam tubuh dengan memperkecil ukuran partikel atenolol menjadi bentuk nano (SNEDDS). Pada penelitian ini dibuat SNEDDS atenolol dengan tiga formula yang berbeda, masing-masing dengan jumlah bahan aktif (2%) dan minyak (49%) yang sama, namun dengan kosentrasi surfaktan dan kosurfaktan yang berbeda-beda, yaitu formula satu dengan perbandingan 45:5, formula dua dengan perbandingan 40:10, serta formula tiga dengan perbandingan 35:15. Kemudian, ketiga formula tersebut akan dievaluasi karakteristik fisiknya yang meliputi pengamatan organoleptis, ukuran partikel, % transmisi, polydispersity index, zeta potensial, robustness to dilution serta viskositas. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan dilakukan uji stabilitas fisik SNEDDS dengan cara sentrifugasi dan siklus heating/cooling. Berdasarkan penelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa perbedaan konsentrasi surfaktan dan kosurfaktan tidak berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik fisik SNEDDS yang terbentuk, serta SNEDDS yang tidak stabil akibat atenolol yang tidak larut ke dalam pembawa SNEDDS (konsentrasi surfaktan dan kosurfaktan belum cukup kuat untuk meingkatkan kelarutan atenolol).Kata kunci: atenolol, bioavailabilitas, nanopartikel, SNEDDSABSTRACT-This thesis is going to discuss about how to increase the solubility and bioavailability of Atenolol by reducing the particle size of Atenolol to form a nanoparticle (SNEDDS). In this thesis, the Atenolol SNEDDS were made into three different formulas, which have the same amount of active pharmaceutical ingredient (2%) and oil (49%) although the amount of surfactant and cosurfactant were all different, which were 45:5 for formula number one, 40:10 for formula number two, and 35:15 for formula number three. Furthermore, each of the three formulas were evaluated for its physical characteristics that include organoleptic observation, particle size, percent transmission, polydispersity index, zeta potential, robustness to dilution and viscosity. Soon after, the process were continued to the physical stability testing, using centrifugation method and heating/cooling cycle. The results that obtained from this thesis are that the differences in the concentration of surfactant and co-surfactant do not influence any of the physical characteristics of the SNEDDS, and the SNEDDS that’s been formed are physically unstable because the Atenolol doesn’t fully dissolved in the SNEEDS carrier (the surfactant and co-surfactant concentration aren’t strong enough to increase the solubility of Atenolol).Keywords: atenolol, bioavailability, nanoparticle, SNEDDS