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保育者養成における歌唱指導についての一考察―正しい音程で歌うことができない学生への指導の実践例を通して―
Get PDF保育者養成において、歌唱は重要な技能の一つであるが、音程を正しく取れない学生は、声を出すことを控えたり、音楽活動そのものを避けたりするケースも見られる。正しい音程で歌えない原因は主に発声技術の問題、もうひとつは音程感覚の欠如であると言われている。指導者は、学生がなぜ音程を正しく取れないのかを見極める必要がある。本稿では、音程感覚に関する調査と、実践例を通して効果的な指導法を考察する。Singing is one of the most important skills in the training of child care providers, but it has been observed that some students who cannot get the pitch right refrain from speaking or avoid musical activities themselves. It is said that the main cause of students' inability to sing at the correct pitch is a problem in vocal technique, and the other is a lack of pitch sense. Instructors need to determine why students are unable to get the pitches right. This paper examines effective teaching methods through a survey of pitch sense and practical examples.departmental bulletin pape
Examination of AI Literacy Education Using Generative AI
Get PDFIn this study, we examined the effectiveness of AI literacy education utilizing generative AI among students in liberal arts programs. Through several years of investigation, we conducted student surveys to evaluate its impact. The results consistently demonstrated a growing interest and motivation among students towards learning about AI and programming. Particularly noteworthy was the significant surge in interest and motivation observed in 2023, coinciding with the adoption of generative AI. The incorporation of exercises involving generative AI enabled students to recognize the efficacy of AI technology and understand the significance of collaboration between AI systems and humans in creative endeavors. The AI literacy education employing generative AI proved successful in fostering enthusiasm for creative work and enhancing studentsʼ motivation to explore AI further. To further improve educational outcomes, it is essential to conduct detailed analysis of qualitative feedback and refine exercise design. Additionally, conducting comparative studies across different student demographics and implementing long-term follow-up surveys are recommended.特集 AI と教育AI and Education専攻: 環境情報学departmental bulletin pape
Do Language Generatative AIs Comprehend the Meaning of a Sentence?: A Perspective from Truth-conditional Semantics.
Get PDFThis study investigates whether language generative AIs understand the meaning of a sentence using Google Bard (currently Gemini) and ChatGPT. Based on the truth-conditional semantics, we define the meaning of a sentence as the condition under which the proposition expressed by the sentence is true. We use two sentences, “The morning star is the morning star.” and “If you don't give me candy, I'll play a trick on you.” to assess whether the AIs understood the meaning of the sentences. The former sentence is a well-known example of a noun phrase having a referent “Sinn,” distinguished from “Bedeutung” by Frege. The latter sentence is a conditional sentence that induces what is called an “invited inference,” which is different from logical inference. The results show that both AI models gave incorrect having a referent, “Sinn,” distinguished from “Bebentung” by Frege truth conditions for the former sentence. For the latter sentence, both AIs gave inconsistent answers mixing correct and incorrect answers depending on the wording of the input.特集 AI と教育AI and Education専攻: 言語学departmental bulletin pape
Mutual Evaluation for Mock Classes by a Rubric Made by Students Themselves I
Get PDF「数学科教育法IIIB」では模擬授業を行わせ，良かった点・直すべき点を検討した上で，履修者間で10点満点で相互評価を行わせている(主観的評価)．着任から6年目の令和4年度はこれに加え，履修者たち自身にルーブリックを作成させ，そのルーブリックに基いた評価を並行して行わせた．その結果，2つの評価には強い相関があるが，ルーブリックによる評価の方が有意に高く，学生たち自身が作成したルーブリックによる分析的評価には還元しきれぬ良い授業の要素をも，従来の主観的評価では捉えていると考えられる．departmental bulletin pape
Feasibility study on effective utilizing methods of Nachiguro stone powder -About Nachiguro stone sprayed coating is melted-
Get PDFNachiguro stone is a natural stone produced in the Kumano Region and is used for producing Ink stone and Goishi. In the production of Ink stone and Goishi, a large amount of powder appears as a byproduct. This research is conducting basic research on forming Nachiguro stone sprayed coating using thermal spraying method. But Nachiguro stone powder turns brown by thermal spraying. Preliminary experiments have revealed that when Nachikuro stone powder is melted in the atmosphere, the surface turns brown, but the inside turns black. This paper reports the results when the Nachiguro spraying coating was melted using the thermal spray flame.departmental bulletin pape
Distinct NMR Views Leverage New Strategies in Drug Discovery
Get PDF本稿では近年みられる薬剤の探索戦略の変遷と、その中で見られる核磁気共鳴法(NMR)の役割について概説する。1957年のタンパク質分子の立体構造の報告から、Structure-Based Drug Discovery (SBDD) という戦略が生まれた。タンパク質の立体構造を基に「活性部位をピンポイントで狙う」薬剤分子を人工的にデザインするという発想である。しかしSBDD薬剤には、副作用や細胞馴化の問題が生じている。そこでアロステリック薬剤という新発想が生まれた。「タンパク質分子全体のダイナミクスを変化させることで、活性を任意に変化させる」薬剤分子のデザインという発想であり、従来の「活性部位をオフにする」発想とは異なる。ガン細胞の馴化への対策などに有望だと考えられている。また、Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) 阻害薬という新戦略も生まれた。多くのPPIが病気に関連していることが知られていることから、SBDDと機械学習が組み合わされ、特定のタンパク質間相互作用を阻害する分子を探索するものである。NMRは構造決定だけでなく生体高分子の運動性も理解できる手法であり、アロステリック分子やPPI阻害薬の探索に有用な情報を与える。NMR には様々な手法があり、本稿でいくつかの適用例を示す。この解説を通じてお伝えしたいのは、創薬戦略がタンパク質分子の「機能に関わる残基」だけでなく「全ての残基を含めた分子全体のダイナミクス」に影響を与える薬剤分子の探索に移りつつあり、技術的にだけでなくその新戦略のコンセプトにNMRという手法が適しているということである。This review provides an overview of the evolution of drug discovery strategies in recent years and the role of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) in these strategies. The strategy known as Structure-Based Drug Discovery (SBDD) emerged following the first report on the three-dimensional structure of protein molecules in 1957. This approach involves the artificial design of drug molecules specifically targeting "actively important sites" based on the three-dimensional structure of proteins. SBDD drugs, however, have encountered issues such as side effects and cell habituation. Consequently, a new concept “allosteric molecule exploration” was born. This involves the design of drug molecules that "change the dynamics of the entire protein molecule to selectively alter activity," a concept distinct from the conventional approach of "turning off active sites." It is considered promising for addressing issues like habituation in cancer cells. Additionally, another new strategy called Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) inhibitor exploration has emerged. As many PPIs are known to be associated with diseases, SBDD and machine learning are combined to explore molecules that inhibit specific interactions between proteins. NMR is a technique that not only facilitates structural determination but also enables an understanding of the mobility of biomacromolecules, providing valuable information for the exploration of allosteric molecules and PPI inhibitors. Various NMR methods exist, and some application examples are presented in this review. Through this review, we aim to convey that drug discovery strategies are transitioning towards exploring drug molecules that affect the dynamics of the entire target protein molecule, including all residues, not just those related to the function of the protein molecules. Both technically and conceptually, NMR is deemed highly suitable for this new strategy.departmental bulletin pape
SUBFUNCTIONALIZATION OF ENDONUCLEASE G ISOZYMES IN XENOPUS TROPICALIS
Get PDFEndonuclease G (EndoG) is known to be involved in apoptotic degradation of nuclear DNA. It has also been proposed to carry out mRNA degradation in the cytoplasm of apoptotic cells. In the present work, predictive bioinformatics analysis and comparative homology modeling were used to reveal subfunctionalization of two EndoG isozymes (xtEndoG) in the Xenopus tropicalis western clawed frog. The analysis suggests that mitochondrial translocation of one of these proteins can be regulated by calcium-dependent phosphorylation in the region of its N-terminal signal sequence. Detailed comparison of modeled 3D structures of the two proteins reveals thermodynamic and structural differences that affect local protein stability. Our findings bring to light a novel mechanism that can possibly regulate mitochondrial translocation of EndoG and provide a rationale for the existence of two highly homologous xtEndoG proteins in Xenopus tropicalis. Here, we also discuss a probable involvement of the calcium-dependent mechanism of EndoG translocation in frog egg apoptosis.departmental bulletin pape
Consideration of Students' Attitudes toward the Teaching Profession in "Introduction to Teaching Profession" and "Studies of Student Guidance"
Get PDF原著論文departmental bulletin pape
Effects of prolonged dormancy on the growth of Nygmia staudingeri larvae reared with artificial diet
Get PDFNygmia staudingeri (Leech,) is one of the insects with venom in the family Lymantriidae. We have successfully reared larvae of this species to adult by feeding artificial diet. However, next generation larvae could not be obtained because the timing of emergence of males and females did not match. Furthermore, extending the dormancy period in the refrigerator increased larval mortality and decreased the emergence rate of adults. Larvae with venom of the Lymantriidae are medically important and require the development of breeding techniques as the foundation for research in control methods and understanding its ecology.departmental bulletin pape