Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis
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Artificial Breeding Engineering of Queen Bees Apis mellifera
No full textThe research aims to evaluate the breeding of the queen bee Apis mellifera, artificial engineering results based on Morphology. The method was carried out through the experiment of grafting queen bees with larvae of workers of different ages (1 day, 2 days, and 3 days). The grafting results are developed later in the colony until they hatch into queen bee individuals. The variables observed were the length of the forelimbs, the length of the middle legs, the hind legs, the length of the abdomen, the width of the abdomen, and the number of abdominal segments. The data obtained are then analyzed using Analysis of the variety of Fingerprints (Analisa Sidik Ragam) with Complete Random Design (Rancangan Acak Lengkap). The results showed that the age of the larvae had a noticeable effect (p0,05) on the length of the forelimbs, the length of the middle legs, the length of the hind legs, the width of the abdomen, and the number of abdominal segments, queen bee Apis mellifera. The conclusion of the study is the engineering of the breeding of queen bees Apis mellifera can use larvae up to the age of 3 (three) days with the result of the absence of morphological changes in the length of the forelimbs, the length of the middle legs, the length of the hind legs, the width of the abdomen, and the number of abdominal segments.
Keywords: bee, queen, morphology, engineerin
Mixture of Mocaf Flour and Bamboo Flour on the Quality of Crepes Chicken Meat Based on Physicochemical and Organoleptic Characteristics
No full textABSTRACTCrepes are snacks which are thin and folded like a fan. This study used mocaf flour and bamboo flour for basic ingredients of crepes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the best formula for the quality of crepes which was a mixture of mocaf flour and bamboo flour with different percentages, with the addition of 20% chicken meat in terms of physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics. The research method used a completely randomized design with 6 treatments P0 (6.5% mocaf flour: without bamboo flour), P1 (4.5% mocaf flour: 2% bamboo flour), P2 (3% mocaf flour: 3.5% bamboo flour), P3 (2.5% mocaf flour: 4% bamboo flour), P4 (1.5% mocaf flour: 5% bamboo flour), P5 (1% mocaf flour: 5.5% bamboo flour). 3 Deuteronomy. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's Multiple Distance Test. The best treatment uses the Effectiveness Index method. The results show that crepes had different effects (P<0.05), on protein, fat, ash, water, carbohydrates, color L* a* b* and organoleptic (color, texture, aroma, taste), while acceptability has no effect on it. This study concludes that chicken crepes combined with 2.5% mocaf flour and 4% bamboo flour on the quality can improve the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics. Keywords: Crepes, chicken meat, physicochemical, organolepti
Pengaruh Pakan Daun Mengkudu Terhadap Konsumsi dan Pertambahan Bobot Badan Kambing Peranakan Etawah
No full textABSTRAK Kambing tergolong sebagai ternak pemakan berbagai macam daun, pemberian rumput alami tanpa campuran daun-daunan akan berdampak pada pertumbuhannya. Daun mengkudu berpotensi untuk dijadikan pakan ruminansia karena merupakan tanaman yang dapat hidup di daerah marginal dan tanaman ever green. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Pakan daun Mengkudu terhadap konsumsi pakan dan bobot badan kambing peranakan etawa (PE). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kota Palu selama 2 (dua) bulan dari bulan Maret-Mei 2019. Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kambing jantan peranakan Etawa umur 1,5-2 tahun sebanyak 12 ekor, rumput raja dengan umur potong 45-50 hari, hijauan jagung dengan umur potong 2 bulan, daun mengkudu segar dari pohon yang tumbuh di lembah Palu, yang berasal dari daun dewasa, dimana 3 daun bagian bawah dan 4 daun bagian pucuk tidak digunakan. Menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap 1 faktor dua taraf perlakuan. Perlakuan pertama (P0) berupa 50 % rumput raja dan 50 % hijauan jagung, taraf 2 (P1) berupa 100% daun hijauan segar daun mengkudu. semua bahan pakan dicacah. Pengamatan dilakukan selama satu bulan penuh, data yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan Uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pemberian daun mengkudu sebagai pakan pada kambing PE, berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi dan pertambahan bobot badan.Kata Kunci: daun mengkudu, kambing PE, konsumsiEffect of Noni Leaf Feed on Consumption and Body Weight Gain of Crossbreed Goats EtawahABSTRACT Goats are classified as livestock that eat a variety of leaves, giving natural grass without a mixture of leaves will have an impact on their growth. Noni leaves have the potential to be used as food for ruminants because they are plants that can live in marginal areas and are evergreen plants. This study aims to determine the effect of noni leaf feed on feed consumption and body weight of etawah crossbreeds. The research was carried out in Palu City for 2 (two) months from March-May 2019. The materials used in this study were: 12 male Etawa crossbreed goats aged 1.5-2 years, king grass with a cutting age of 45-50 days, forage maize with 2 months cut-off age, fresh noni leaves from a tree growing in the Palu valley, derived from mature leaves, where 3 lower leaves and 4 upper leaves were not used. Using a completely randomized design with 1 factor two treatment levels. The first treatment (P0) was 50% king grass and 50% corn forage, level 2 (P1) was 100% fresh forage leaves of noni leaves. all feed ingredients are chopped. Observations were made for one full month, the data obtained were analyzed using the t test. The results showed that the provision of noni leaves as feed for crossbreed goats etawah had an effect on consumption and body weight gain.Keywords: noni leaves, consumption, crossbreed goats etawa
Cangkang Telur: Karakteristik Limbah Telur Hatchery (Broiler) dan Bakery (Layer) dengan Menggunakan SEM-EDX
No full textABSTRAKLimbah cangkang telur merupakan salah satu limbah yang belum tertangani di KSPM GURAMI Kecamatan Semanu Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Limbah cangkang telur berasal dari hatchery dan pabrik pengolahan roti. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengkaji potensi limbah cangkang telur yang berasal dari hatchery dan pabrik pengolahan roti. Sampel dari hatchery dan pabrik pengolahan roti dilakukan pra perlakuan yaitu perebusan dalam suhu 80°C selama 15 menit dan perendaman dengan H3PO4 4-5%. Kemudian sampel tersebut dilakukan analisa proksimat dan SEM-EDX. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kandungan protein kasar limbah cangkang telur hatchery 4,85%. Hasil analisa EDX kandungan Ca 31,81%, Mg 2,93%, P 4,48%. Sedangkan limbah bakery protein kasar 4,84%, Ca 36,62%, Mg tidak terdeteksi, P 0,03 %. Berdasarkan hasil kajian dapat disimpulkan bahwa limbah cangkang telur hatchery dan bakery masih memiliki nilai nutrisi, sehingga dapat dipergunakan sebagai bahan baku pangan, pakan atau material lain. Analisa SEM limbah hatchery terdapat dua material cangkang dan membran kaya kolagen, sedangkan limbah bakery hanya sedikit terdapat membran cangkang telur dan tampak tipis.Keywords: hatchery, limbah, SEM-EDX, proksimatEggshells: Characteristics of Hatchery (Broiler) and Bakery (Layer) Eggs Waste Using SEM-EDXABSTRACTEggshell waste was one of the untreated wastes at KSPM GURAMI, Semanu District, Gunungkidul Regency. The eggshell waste came from hatcheries and bakery factories. The purpose of this research was to examine the potential for eggshell waste from hatcheries and bakery factories. Samples from the hatchery and bread processing factory were pre-treated, namely boiling at 80 ° C for 15 minutes and immersing with 4-5% H3PO4. Then the sample was analyzed proximate and SEM-EDX. The results showed that the crude protein content of hatchery eggshell waste was 4.85%. The results of EDX analysis contained 31.81% Ca, 2.93% Mg, 4.48% P. Meanwhile, the bread factory waste for crude protein was 4.84%, 36.62% Ca, Mg was not detected, 0.03% P. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the waste of hatchery and bakery eggshells still has nutritional value, so that it can be used as raw material for food, feed, or other materials. SEM analysis of hatchery waste contained two shell materials and a membrane rich in collagen, while bakery waste contained only a small amount of eggshell membrane and looked thin.Keywords: hatchery, waste, SEM-EDX, proximat
Perbedaan Karakteristik Fisik dan Hedonik Daging Sapi dengan Metode Perebusan yang Berbeda
No full textABSTRAKKandungan gizi yang tinggi pada daging sapi menyebabkan daging sapi mudah rusak apabila tidak ditangani dengan tepat, salah satu cara pengolahan daging sapi adalah dengan moist heat cooking atau perebusan. Perebusan konvensional dengan suhu tinggi dan waktu yang lama menyebabkan denaturasi nutrisi daging sapi semakin tinggi, sehingga ditemukan metode perebusan termodifikasi yang lebih efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan karakteristik fisik yaitu Water Holding Capacity (WHC) dan mutu hedonik pada daging sapi topside dengan metode perebusan yang berbeda. Pengujian WHC dianalisis dengan uji independent t-test dan mutu hedonik dianalisis dengan uji non-parametrik Kruskal Wallis, kemudian apabila terdapat perbedaan nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan (p0,05) terhadap aspek tekstur, rasa, juiciness dan overall.Kata Kunci: daging sapi, hedonik, perebusan, WHCDifferences in Physical Characteristics and Hedonic Properties of Beef with Different Boiling MethodsABSTRACTThe high nutritional value in beef causes beef to be perishable if handled unproperly, beef can be processed by boiling. Boiling with high temperature for long time causes the denaturation of beef’s nutrition, so modified boiling method was found that claims could improve beef quality efficiently. This study aims to determine the differences in physical characteristics Water Holding Capacity (WHC) and hedonic quality of topside beef with different boiling methods. Parametric data (WHC) was analyzed by independent t-test and non-parametric data was analyzed by Kruskal Wallis and advanced Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that the different boiling method shows difference (p0,05) on texture, flavor, juiciness and overall quality.Keywords: beef, boiling, hedonic, WH
Analysis of Consumer Preferences in Buying Chicken Carcass in Sumbersari District, Jember Regency
No full textThis study aims to analyze differences in consumer preferences for buying chicken carcasses in Sumbersari District, Jember Regency, East Java. The research method uses a survey method with interviews based on a list of questions on the questionnaire. The sample was determined by the accidental sampling method with 49 samples. Sources of data used are primary and secondary data with descriptive analysis. The results of the analysis show that the largest consumer age group for chicken meat is 17-27 years old (68%), the consumer profession is dominated by students (61%), and the frequency of consumption of chicken meat is once a week (43%), the desired price of chicken is Rp18,000 - Rp20,000/kg (61%), the most preferred part of the chicken is the breast (29%), the method of ordering chicken meat is through online media (65%), the most popular side dish for chicken is poultry eggs (39%), and the most popular method of cooking chicken is by frying (76%). From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the majority of consumers are millennials who are technology literate, wanting practicality in obtaining chicken carcasses at more affordable prices.Keywords: chicken carcass, consumer, preferenc
The Strategy of The Sustainable Livelihoods for Beef Farmers in Bima Regency After the Flood Disaster in April 2021
No full textThe purpose of this study is to know the sustainable livelihood strategies of beef cattle farmers in Bima region after the flood disaster by using the concept of Sustainability Livelihood Framework (SLF). The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The sampling method is purposive sampling and snowball sampling. Primary data collection methods are observation and interviews while the secondary data collection method is by accessing the Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health in Bima region and Bank Negara Indonesia (BNI). The result of this livelihoods strategy research for the beef cattle farmers is to respond the vulnerability by participating in forest reforestation. The government awareness to enforce the rules, moving the livestock on corn farm locations, moving livestock in locations provided by village government and in Lar Doroncanga, utilizing social media and social networks to anticipate communal conflicts. Using the services of a veterinarian to treat livestock diseases, process livestock waste into compost and biogas, sell livestock in abattoirs, use social media and social networks to sell livestock seeds, using the services of Artificial Insemination officers (IB). Utilizing of savings and capital assistance from banks to buy livestock seeds, utilizing of the livestock insurance programs to anticipate vulnerabilities and buying livestock breeds in Sumbawa District and East Nusa Tenggara (NTT)
Karakteristik Morfometrik Sapi Madura Betina Tipe Sonok
No full textABSTRAKSapi madura merupakan sumber daya genetik rumpun asli lokal Indonesia. Pengukuran morfometrik dan fenotip kualitatif bermanfaat untuk menentukan asal usul dan hubungan filogenetik antara species bangsa dan tipe ternak. Profil morfometrik dapat memperkirakan karakteristik fenotipik atau ciri khas sapi sonok diantara sub populasi sebagai pusat pembiakan dan menggali potensi sapi sonok sesuai kelompok bibit sesuai standart bibit sapi Madura. Penelitian selama 3 bulan dengan lokasi kecamatan Pasean, Batumarmar, dan Waru Kabupaten Pamekasan. Materi 162 ekor sapi madura tipe sonok peserta kontes. Metode penelitian adalah metode survei, penentuan lokasi berdasarkan purposive sampling, teknik pengambilan data secara purposive sampling. Data morfologi kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Komponen Utama (AKU), fenotipe kualitatif secara diskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan karakteristik kualitatif telah sesuai dengan SNI No.7651-2 (2013) dan SNI No.7651-2:2020. Hasil pendekatan Analisis Komponen Utama (AKU) sapi Madura tipe sonok dilokasi Waru, Pasean, dan Batumarmar menjadi kelompok tersendiri. Penciri spesifik sapi madura tipe sonok adalah arah tanduk keatas mengarah kedalam, mata sipit, punuk besar, bergelambir dengan lipatan-lipatan dan diantara kedua kaki depan terdapat jaringan otot yang menonjol.Kata Kunci: sapi madura, morfometrik, sonokMorphometric characteristics of Sonok Type Madura CowsABSTRACTMadura cattle are the genetic resources of Indonesia native cattle breeds. Morphometric and qualitative phenotype measurements are important in determining the origin and phylogenic relationships between species, breed, and type of cattle. Morphometric profiles can be used to estimate phenotypical charecteristic or special features of Sonok cattle among the sub population as the breeding center and explore the potential of Sonok cattle as standard for Madura cattle breed. This research was conducted for 3 months at Pasean, Batumarmar, and Waru sub districts of Pamekasan District. The materials used for this research were 162 Sonok type Madura cattle which are enrolled for cattle contest. The methods used were survey by purposive sampling both on location and data selection. Quantitative morphology data was analysed by main coponent analysis and qualitative phenotypedata was analysed descriptively. The results of this research indicate that the qualitative characteristics of Sonok type Madura cattle is as required by SNI No.7651-2 (2013) and SNI No.7651-2:2020. Main component analysis results show that Sonok type Madura cattle located at Waru, Pasean, and Batumarmar are specific group of cattle. The specific characteristics of sonok type Madura cattle are the inner-towards horns, slit-eye, big hump, and flaky skin in between the forelegs with protruding muscle fibers.Keywords: madura cattle, morphometrics, sonok
Peran Kelompok Ternak Margo Makmur Mandiri Terhadap Pendapatan Peternak Sapi Perah di Dusun Brau, Kota Batu
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pendapatan peternak sapi perah di Kelompok Ternak Margo Makmur Mandiri Dusun Brau, menganalisis peran kelompok ternak sebagai unit usaha, wahana kerjasama dan kelas belajar terhadap pendapatan peternak sapi perah, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi peran kelompok ternak terhadap tingkat pendapatan peternak sapi perah di Kelompok Ternak Margo Makmur Mandiri, Dusun Brau. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu survey dengan observasi secara langsung dan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur sebagai alat pengambilan data. Sampel responden yang digunakan peternak sapi perah yang tergabung sebagai anggota aktif dalam Kelompok Ternak Margo Makmur Mandiri sejumlah 50 orang. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ekonomi, analisis regresi linier berganda, dan analisis descriptive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata tingkat pendapatan peternak yang tergabung dalam Kelompok Ternak Margo Makmur Mandiri sebesar Rp. 1.607.798/bulan. Kelompok Ternak Margo Makmur Mandiri dapat berperan dalam meningkatkan pendapatan peternak di Dusun Brau, Kota Batu, Jawa Timur khususnya dalam hal fasilitas kerjasama dengan pihak luar, pertemuaan berkala, dan berkelanjutan, serta fasilitas komunikasi dengan sumber informasi dan teknologi yang disediakan. Kata kunci: peran kelompok ternak, pendapatan peternak sapi perah, peternakan sapi perah The Role of Livestock Group Margo Makmur Mandiri Towards Dairy Farmer’s Income at Brau Village, Batu CityABSTRACTThis research purposes were to find out the income level of dairy farmer’s at Brau Village as well as to analyze the role of livestock group for business unit, cooperation facility, and study group towards dairy farmer’s income at Brau Village, Batu, and to identify factors influencing the role of livestock group to dairy farmers’s income. The research method used was survey method. Data were obtained from direct interview by using structured questionnaire. Sample used in this research determined by purposive sampling with a number of 50 respondents of dairy farmers. Data were analyzed by using economic analysis, multiple regression analysis, and descriptive analysis. The results revealed that the average income of dairy farmers member of Margo Makmur Mandiri livestock group was 1,607,798 IDR per month per farmer. In addition, Margo Makmur Mandiri livestock group can play a role in term of increasing the income of dairy farmer’s especially in cooperation facility with related outsider groups, periodic meetings, and also communication facilities with provided information and technology resources. Keywords: The role of livestock groups, dairy farmer’s income, dairy cattl
Prevalensi Penyakit Baliziekte pada Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Majene, Sulawesi Barat
No full textABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan prevalensi penyakit Baliziekte pada sapi potong di Kabupaten Majene, Sulawesi Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan analisis data sekunder. Data kasus kejadian Baliziekte pada sapi potong di Kabupaten Majene, Sulawesi Barat pada tahun 2018-2020 didapatkan dari Dinas Pertanian, Peternakan dan Perkebunan Kabupaten Majene. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi penyakit Baliziekte pada sapi potong di Kabupaten Majene mengalami peningkatan dalam rentang waktu dua tahun terakhir. Jumlah prevalensi penyakit Baliziekte pada tahun 2018 adalah 0,789 %, pada tahun 2019 terjadi penurunan menjadi 0,716 % dan meningkat pada tahun 2020 menjadi 1,257 %. Kecamatan Sendana merupakan satu-satunya daerah dengan peningkatan jumlah kasus Baliziekte pada sapi potong setiap tahunnya, sedangkan Kecamatan Banggae Timur mengalami penurunan jumlah kasus Baliziekte yaitu dari prevalensi 0,078% di tahun 2018 menjadi 0% di tahun 2019 dan 2020. Kecamatan Tubo Sendana merupakan daerah dengan jumlah kasus dan prevalensi tertinggi pada tahun 2020, sedangkan Kecamatan Banggae dan Pamboang merupakan daerah dengan data kasus dan prevalensi 0%. Kata kunci: sapi potong, prevalensi, baliziekte, Kabupaten MajeneThe Prevalence of Baliziekte Disease in Beef Cattle in Majene, West SulawesiABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to illustrate the prevalence of Baliziekte disease in beef cattle in Majene, West Sulawesi. This study was quantitative research by analyzing the secondary data analysis approach. Data on the Baliziekte incidence in beef cattle in Majene, West Sulawesi in 2018-2020 were obtained from the Department of Agriculture, Livestock and Plantation of Majene Regency. The results of the analysis showed that the prevalence of Baliziekte disease in beef cattle in Majene Regency has increased in the last two years. The prevalence of Baliziekte disease in 2018 was 0.789%, decreased to 0.716% in 2019, and increased sharply to 1.257% in 2020. Sendana District was the only area with an increase in the number of Baliziekte cases in beef cattle every year, while the East Banggae District underwent depletion in the number of Baliziekte cases, from a prevalence of 0.078% in 2018 to 0% in both 2019 and 2020. Tubo Sendana District was the area with the highest number of cases and prevalence in 2020, while the Districts of Banggae and Pamboang were both maintained a 0% case and prevalence throughout the years.Keywords: beef cattle, prevalence, baliziekte, Majen