Buletin Peternakan
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Properties of Soft Cheese Supplemented with Cinnamon Extract (Cinnamomum burmannii) During Storage
Full text linkAn innovative milk-based functional product was developed to produce a quality and healthy animal product, such antioxidant-rich cheese. The study conducted to identify the chemical composition, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) viability, color characteristic, hardness, and stickiness cheese with cinnamon extract during storage. Material used were cow milk from UPT Ternak Perah Diponegoro University, cinnamon extract, animal rennet, and culture of Lactobacillus plantarum Kita-3 from Food and Nutrition Culture Collection (FNCC), Universitas Gadjah Mada. The research assessed experimentally using completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 6 replications. Cheese was stored on refrigerator at 4-10°C and observed at 0, 10, and 20 days to determine titrated acididity (TA), water content (WC), free fatty acid (FFA), LAB viability, color characteristics, hardness, and stickiness. Treatments were addition of cinnamon extract 0% (P0), 3% (P1), 6% (P2), and 9% (P3). Data collected was analyzed by analysis of variance and continuing with duncan’s multiple range test. The addition of cinnamon were not affected (p>0.05) to TA and FFA at 0 day observation, WC, b*, stickiness at 0 and 20 days, and hardness at 10 days. Meanwhile, it affected significantly (p<0.01) to TA at 10 and 20 days, pH and LAB viability at all observation, WC at 10 days, FFA and hardness at 0 and 20, and stickiness at 10 days. In summary, the addition of cinnamon up to 9% could produce a good quality of cheese during storage.
Motility, Abnormality and Intact Plasma Membrane of Sexed Bali Bull Sperm in Different Equilibration Time
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to obtain the optimal equilibration time to produce quality frozen semen of sexed Bali bulls in Tris-yolk diluent. Semen was collected from two male Bali cows from artificial insemination center, Tenayan Raya. Semen was collected for 8 wk and used as a replicate of the study. The motility of the semen used was 70%. Sperm X and Y were separated with 10% and 30% bovine serum albumin (BSA). The diluent used was tris egg yolk. The research treatment was equilibration time (2, 3, 4, and 5 h). Parameters were measured after sperm separation, dilution and thawing after freezing. Parameters consisted of motility, abnormality and intact plasma membrane. Data analysis was performed using a group randomized design. The results showed that the equilibration times of 2, 3, 4 and 5 h were significantly different on motility, abnormality and intact plasma membrane. The value of motility and intact plasma membrane is significantly different from after separation, dilution and freezing of Bali sperm. The values of motility, abnormality and intact plasma membrane of sperm X and sperm Y were not significantly different. Conclusion, 2 h equilibration time can maintain motility, abnormality and intact plasma membrane of sperm X and sperm Y of Bali cattle
Coastal Tourism's Impact on Local Livestock Farming at Bilik Sijile Beach, Baluran National Park
Full text linkThis research aims to analyze the development of coastal tourism at Sijile Beach and its impact on local beef cattle farming businesses. This research uses a quantitative approach with qualitative data as support, which includes interviews with key informants and surveys of around 40 breeders. The analysis was conducted to understand how tourism development affects livestock farmers' attitudes and identify policies and practices that can improve their welfare. PESTEL analysis identified political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors influencing Sijile Beach livestock farming. Political factors include conservation policies that limit land access for livestock breeders. In contrast, economic factors indicate challenges and opportunities arising from tourism, including rising land prices and opportunities for economic diversification. Social factors describe changes in cultural values and potential conflict between tourists and local communities. Technological factors indicate a lack of use of technology by livestock farmers, which limits their operational efficiency. Environmental impacts include habitat degradation and pollution due to tourism activities. Legal factors reveal problems in policy implementation and the need for local community participation in decision-making. SWOT analysis highlights strengths, such as solid local resources and a potential market of tourists, as well as weaknesses, such as technological limitations and pressure on natural resources. Opportunities include sustainable tourism development and diversification of the local economy, while threats include the environmental impact of tourism and competition with the tourism sector. These findings demonstrate the need for balanced and inclusive policies to integrate tourism with livestock and the importance of technology training and support for livestock adaptation. This research provides important insights for stakeholders in designing strategies that support ecosystem sustainability and the welfare of local communitie
Effect of Parity and Type of Birth on Reproduction Performance of Garut Ewes in Indonesia
Full text linkGarut sheep is one of the superior sheep breeds originating from Garut, West Java, Indonesia. Garut sheep have a good reproductive system with a relatively high birth rate. This facilitates the process of breeding and developing sheep populations. However, it is not yet known whether there is an influence of non-genetic factors (parity and birth type) on reproduction (liiter size, lambing interval, birth weight, and weaning weight) of Garut sheep. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship of non-genetic factors on reproductive traits of Garut ewes. The total number of female Garut sheep used was 327 with the criteria of having given birth. The results showed that the average litter size, lambing interval, birth weight, and weaning weight were 1.87 heads, 118 days, 2.73 kg, and 12.86 kg, respectively. The 3rd parity had the highest litter size and a shorter kidding interval than other parities. In addition, the type of birth also has a significant effect, namely the number of kids triple effect on the long lambing interval. Non-genetic factors affected the reproductive performance of Garut sheep
Optimization of Incubation Time and Coagulant Concentration of Ficus carica L. Latex for Fresh Goat Cheese Production
No full textCheese coagulants from plant origin have emerged as promising alternatives to animal rennet in cheese production. Among them, latex from Ficus carica L. has shown potential as a natural milk-clotting agent for goat cheese production. This study aims to determine the optimal incubation time and fig tree latex extract concentration on the quality of goat cheese. The optimization of the production process of the goat cheese was carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design (CCD). The independent variables were the concentration of the Ficus carica L. latex extract (0.2-0.5 mL/100 mL of milk) and the time of incubation (60-120 min). The goal was to achieve maximum protein content (%), ash content (%), and calcium content (%). The results of this study showed that the Ficus carica L. latex extract used in the study could coagulate milk with a strength of 354.69 MCU and a dominant protein molecular weight of about 20 kDa. The optimization results using RSM method with CCD design showed that the goat cheese was produced optimally in 0.5 mL/100 mL of milk for the concentration of Ficus carica L. latex extract, with 120 min incubation time. These optimal conditions resulted in a cheese with protein content of 18.56%, ash content of 2.32%, calcium content of 803.93 mg/100g, and desirability level of 0.93
Infertile Egg Powder Improves Nutrient Digestibility, Digestive Organ Development, and Performance of Broiler Chickens
No full textThis research investigated the effects of infertile egg powder (IEP) supplementation in the diets of broiler chickens on nutrient digestibility, digestive tract development, and performance. A total of 196 one-day-old male broiler chickens were randomized into four treatments differing in IEP levels, each with seven replicates of seven birds. The treatments were: 100% basal diet as a control (CON), 96% CON + 4% IEP (IEP4), 94% CON + 6% IEP (IEP6), and 92% CON + 8% IEP (IEP8). The observed variables included growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and digestive organ development. The results showed that dietary IEP enhanced the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, and crude ash (p<0.05), most noticeably in the IEP6 and IEP8 groups. However, IEP did not affect crude fiber and nitrogen-free extract digestibility. The birds consuming diets with IEP had heavier and more prolonged (p<0.05) duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and whole small intestines compared to the birds fed the CON diet. Dietary IEP also improved liver and gizzard weight (p<0.05). Feeding IEP did not affect feed intake but increased (p<0.05) crude protein and metabolizable energy intake, leading to an increase (p<0.05) of daily weight gain and concomitantly decreased (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio of the IEP groups. To conclude, IEP from hatchery had a positive response on the improved nutrient digestibility, digestive tract development, and performance of broiler chickens, and therefore, it can be used as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens
Thermotolerant Capacity of Diverse Indonesian Lowland Holstein's Black and White Skin-Pigmentation Intensity
No full textThe lowland area of Indonesia has economic potential to develop as a major centre for dairy farming businesses. Still, there is a foremost matter: overheated irradiation immersed in damped air would increase the heat stress level. The present study was conducted to assess the heat stress tolerance level of lowland Indonesian Holstein cows, characterized by a dominant level of Black and White (B/W) pigmented skin coat. This study involved 34 heads of Holstein cows that were cared for in Eastern Jakarta. Breathing frequency (BF), rectum's warmth (RW), pulse rate (PL), white-skinned spot temperature (WSST), black-skinned spot temperature (BSST), average temperature rounded skin (ATRS), back region temperature (BRT), chest region temperature (CRT), upper-leg temperature (ULT), lower-leg temperature (LLT), skin's temperature (ST), body's temperature (BT), and heat tolerance coefficient (HTC) as variables were checked statistically with R 4.4.2 type software comprised correlation and independent t-test. Cows B/W classification performed with the imageJ 1.54g series program. Those analyses showed that most lowland Indonesian Holsteins were characterized by black-pigmented dominant cows (BDC). The pigmentation of both lateral sides of the body generated a significant correlation (p0.05) in all measurable vital symptoms; all variables showed trends indicating that the BDC class had a greater response to heat stress. The BDC Holstein type selection base had high expectations of elevating the HTC score in Indonesian lowland cows, as the closing decision
Physicochemical Profiles of Goat Meat: Influence of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Enriched Diets
Full text linkThe aim of this research was to determine the physicochemical profiles of meat from goat given a diet containing unsaturated fatty acids. The material used in this research was local male goats aged ± 12 months. Treatment used in the present study was R0, as a control diet, R1: R0 added with 2.5% of tuna fish oil (TFO), R2: R0 added with 5% of tuna fish oil (TFO), R3: R0 added with 2.5% of soybean oil (SO) and treatment R4: R0 added with 5% of soybean oil (SO). This research was conducted for three months. After the feeding trial, the goats were slaughtered, and the quality of the longissimus dorsi was analyzed. The research design used was a completely random design and four replications. The results showed that the feed containing TFO and SO at a level of 2.5% - 5% did not cause a significant difference (p>0.05) in the carcass components and the physical quality of the meat. Meanwhile, other parameters such as meat cholesterol, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid were affected significantly (p<0.05). It should be concluded that the giving 2.5% - 5% of feed containing an unsaturated fatty acids profile (tuna fish oil and soybean oil) has not shown changes in the physicochemical quality of meat. But at the level of tuna oil and soybean oil, up to 5% of dry matter are able to increase the unsaturated fatty acid profile in meat.
Measuring Group Dynamics Index (GDI) of Beef Cattle Farmers in West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara
Full text linkThis study examines the social dynamics of cattle farmer groups as a strategic approach to supporting the sustainability of cattle farming in rural areas. There is evidence to suggest that social dynamics play an important role in livestock farming, impacting productivity, efficiency and sustainability. The main objective of this study was to develop a Group Dynamics Index (GDI) with a specific focus on evaluating eight key elements of group dynamics: purpose, structure, task function, coaching, cohesiveness, atmosphere, pressure, and group effectiveness. The study employed a quantitative descriptive survey methodology, involving 150 respondents drawn from three sub districts in West Lombok Regency. Data collection was conducted using a structured Likert scale-based questionnaire, which facilitated the measurement of respondent’s perceptions and attitudes. A weighted analysis approach was applied to the gathered data to generate a cumulative index. The findings indicate that structural factors, such as decision-making and task division, and non-structural elements, including interpersonal relationships and social support, significantly influence group dynamics. It was observed that farmer groups in the Lembar sub-district demonstrated the highest cumulative index (0.68), exhibiting excellence in aspects such as group structure and task function. Farmer groups in the Narmada sub-district exhibited a cumulative index of 0.65, distinguishing themselves through their notable group cohesiveness and atmosphere. Conversely, the farmer group in Gunung Sari demonstrated strong member loyalty (0.60) yet exhibited a need for substantial enhancement in internal management, particularly concerning task function and group pressure. The study concludes that the sustainability and effectiveness of group dynamics are contingent on the balanced integration of structural and non structural elements. A comprehensive, holistic approach that harmonizes internal management and social relations is essential to support overall group performance. The GDI proved to be a relevant and applicable tool for comprehensively evaluating group dynamic
Assessment of Nutrient Sufficiency Through Body Condition Score: A Study Case at The Ongole Cross-Breed Cattle Breeding Center, Kebumen, Central Java
Full text linkThis study aimed to evaluate the feeding practices and nutritional intake of Ongole crossbred (PO) cattle in Kebumen, Central Java. This study focused on body condition scores (BCSs) and their implications for cattle performance. The parameters observed in this study included the feed composition, nutrient content, and impact of different BCSs on nutrient intake. The results of this research revealed that PO cattle with poor BCS did not receive sufficient feed, resulting in suboptimal nutrient intake. Moreover, those with medium BCS receive sufficient feed but still lack protein intake. In contrast, PO cattle with optimum BCS demonstrated the higher performance compared to other BCS groups, with crude protein intake of 0.57 kg (8.81%), 0.15 kg of extract (2.32%), 2.08 kg of crude fibre (32.15%), 3.81 kg of neutral detergent fiber 58.89%), 2.27 kg of acid detergent fiber (35.08%), and 4.00 kg of total digestible nutrient (61.82%) of the total dry matter intake, amounting to 6.47 kg. The findings underscore the importance of proper feeding practices tailored to the nutritional needs of cattle to optimize cattle performanc