Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
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A Philosophical Reading of Jacques Rancière through the Political Freedom of Democracy Enlightenment
No full textThis paper explores Jacques Rancière’s philosophical perspective on democracy, focusing on how his ideas challenge conventional understandings of political freedom and democratic order. Rather than viewing democracy as a fixed system with clear rules and outcomes, Rancière presents it as an ongoing, often disruptive process rooted in the assertion of political will. Through a critical-philosophical approach, this paper examines how Rancière’s thought sheds light on the tensions between law, political participation, and individual autonomy. It argues that democracy, for Rancière, is defined not by institutional structures but by the continuous struggle over who gets to speak, act, and be recognised in the political space. This reading reveals the unresolved and fragile nature of democratic life, where freedom and order are in constant negotiation. By situating Rancière within broader debates on political theory and democratic practice, the paper highlights how his critique opens new ways of thinking about the ethical and political challenges of contemporary democracy. In doing so, it also raises questions about how democratic ideals from the past can still hold value in addressing present-day issues, even as their meanings evolve. Ultimately, the paper argues that Rancière’s view encourages a more dynamic and inclusive understanding of democracy—one that remains open to rethinking and renewal
Problems and Challenges of Suku Anak Dalam in the 2019 General Election: A Policy Recommendation
No full textIn a democracy, the state is obligated to guarantee citizens’ political rights, particularly the right to vote and to run (and be elected) in any general election. However, case studies in four districts of Jambi Province (Batanghari, Sarolangun, Tebo, and Merangin) reveal the opposite. Many members of the Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) community were excluded from the permanent voter list, effectively depriving them of their constitutional right to vote. This study investigates what causes this exclusion and offers relevant policy recommendations. The interviews with key informants identified several underlying causes in the 2019 elections: the absence of identity cards, low levels of literacy and education, poor economic conditions, and various technical obstacles. Other barriers included the lack of special polling stations and non-inclusive voting procedures. These findings suggest the need to strengthen education and literacy programs and establish accessible polling stations, as well as more inclusive voting procedures for the SAD community
Political Clientelism in Presidential Elections: Voting Behaviour and Social Assistance
No full textClientelism is a dangerous practice for democratic countries as it exploits poverty for elections. Despite the risks associated with clientelism, political actors in various countries continue to engage in it in election campaigns to win political contests. This study aims to understand voter behaviour and clientelism in the 2024 Indonesian presidential election. The study focuses on the use of the government's social assistance in “election campaigns” and how it impacts voter behaviour. This study uses mixed methods, quantitative surveys before the 2024 presidential election, and qualitative analysis, especially content analysis of documents in online media. The study revealed that clientelism in the form of social assistance impacts voter behaviour. The findings also show four critical factors: the timing of the distribution of social assistance, direct distribution of social assistance by the president, the current economic condition of the community, and the form of social assistance in cash and basic needs. The study contributes to the theory of voter behaviour by shaping voter behaviour outside the aspect of the voter, such as economic factors. Empirically, this research is also helpful for improving the regulations or laws of general elections in Indonesia, which can improve the governance of social assistance to avoid being used as a means of campaigning by incumbent officials
Sustainable Tourism Leadership: A Collaborative Approach to Drive Ecosystem and Accelerate Innovation in Indonesia
No full textTourism is a key contributor to Indonesia's GDP. Although the sector experienced major setbacks during the pandemic, it has since shown signs of recovery with notable achievements. One of the critical success factors involved in such a rebound is leadership. At the same time, the pandemic highlighted the importance of building a more sustainable tourism climate. While existing frameworks to create sustainable tourism mainly focus on technical and governance aspects, less attention has been given to the role of leadership. This research, therefore, examines how leadership enhances sustainable tourism in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach to dig deeper into the perspectives of tourism industry players, from the government, NGOs, academics, and local communities, using Focus Group Discussion (FGD) coupled with a literature review. The findings show that various challenges in sustainable tourism leadership hinder its maximum growth. While innovation has become at the forefront of sustainable tourism stakeholders in Indonesia, it is still isolated from a bigger sustainable tourism ecosystem. Leadership frameworks should enhance, accelerate innovation, and spur ecosystem creation. This research provides a theoretical contribution to leadership literature, particularly the role of sustainable tourism leaders in improving the sustainable tourism climate. Practically, this research informs leaders in implementing their blueprint to create a robust, sustainable tourism industry
Constructing New Cultures and Transforming the “Perkumpulan Merah Putih” Roles in Post-Conflict West Kalimantan, Indonesia
No full textThis study aims to investigate the creation of new cultural constructs and examine the evolving role of local leaders across ethnic groups to address potential conflict in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data were collected using a phenomenological approach through document analysis, interviews, and observations. The results showed the pivotal role of novel perspectives in alleviating ethnic tensions, which prompted leaders to establish the Red White Association (Perkumpulan Merah Putih – PMP) as an innovative platform dedicated to protection, mediation, and sustainable peacebuilding initiatives. At the grassroots level, this association was instrumental in fostering mutual trust among ethnic communities, mitigating tribal stereotyping that could escalate into communal conflict. Meanwhile, at the elite level, the association prevents power-triggered political contestation that may lead to ethnic politicisation. This growing cultural movement, spearheaded by local leaders, promoted understanding and countered detrimental stereotypes and stigmatisation in the local populace. In conclusion, the PMP role should include a proactive stance in preventing the rise of communal conflict narratives that might incite collective action among local tribes. This represents a significant advancement toward a more comprehensive peacebuilding approach beyond rhetorical commitments to strengthen local community bonds
Understanding Public Perception Made Easy: A Sentiment Analysis of Public Transportation Services
No full textPublic policy evaluations are often constrained by traditional methods that require significant time and resources, limiting their timeliness and impact. This research explores the use of X (formerly Twitter ) sentiment analysis to evaluate public perceptions of TransJakarta services, addressing the shortcomings of conventional survey-based approaches. The study contributes to academic literature on big data in public administration and offers policymakers a faster and more inclusive method of capturing citizen perspectives. Using X data collected from September 2023 to May 2024, sentiment analysis was conducted using VADER and TextBlob, supported by complementary techniques including word frequency analysis, word clouds, and comparative analysis. The findings reveal that public sentiment fluctuates in response to service disruptions. Notable discrepancies between the VADER and TextBlob classifications indicate the value and necessity of manual validation. In contrast to earlier studies that employed complex models less accessible to practitioners, this study presents a simplified yet robust approach to big-data-driven evaluation, making sentiment analysis more practical for policy monitoring and improvement
Continuities of Public Service Innovations (PSIs) in Indonesia's Local Governments' Health Services: Whose Initiative Has a Higher Success Rate?
Full text linkPublic Service Innovations (PSIs) have improved public services and increased public values. However, previous studies have shown that public servants saw PSIs as risky interventions because of the perceived uncertain outcomes, lack of support and recognition, opposition against incumbent culture, and negative public scrutiny in case of failure. These perceived risks have led to risk-averse behaviour in public service and incremental or discontinued innovations. Earlier studies on PSIs’ continuity have focused on leadership, engagement, collaborations, and organisational cultures in developed countries. However, the mechanism of engagements, collaborations, organisational culture, and leadership types remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of sustainable PSIs in Indonesia and how authorities are exercised. In doing so, 11 PSIs in Indonesian health services—facilitated by staff or leaders—are compared and contrasted. The findings indicate that staff-initiated PSIs are prompted by community needs, use routine visits as a collaboration mechanism, and engage more stakeholders. The shortcoming is that the staff-initiated PSIs need more formal team assignments. The advantage is that they strengthen social capital and decrease community health problems. On the other hand, PSIs that were initiated by formal leaders are stimulated by formal antecedents, such as low achievement of development targets. Leaders-initiated PSIs also use capacity development programs to collaborate and increase the achievement of development targets. A novel finding to add to previous studies is that collaborating with other existing programs contributes to PSIs’ continuity. The managerial implication of this study is to stimulate front-liners in initiating PSIs
Political Behaviour of the Indonesian Middle Class: Lower Turnouts in More Modernised Areas
Full text linkThe modernisation theory assumes that the larger the middle class, the more likely democracy is supported; for example, there will be more participation in elections, as shown in Western countries. However, there is no clear evidence on whether this trend also appears in developing countries. This study emphasises the association between the proportion of the middle class and the support for democracy in terms of voter turnout. Irrespective of the nature of the elections, we suppose that the modernisation level, proxied by the middle-class share, determines voter turnouts. Using data from Statistics Indonesia (BPS) and the General Election Commission (KPU), we differentiate the voter turnouts in Indonesia's general election in 2019 at the district or city levels by grouping them into modernised and less-modernized regions, i.e., urban versus rural, Java versus outside Java, and western versus eastern regions. This study documented a deviation from the modernisation theory, evidenced by an unclear association between the proportion of the middle class and the voter turnout in the modernised areas. Counterintuitively, there are positive associations in the less modernised areas. The findings also reveal the selective participation among voters, as they showed different participation levels in the types of elections conducted in one day. They were more active in presidential elections than in parliamentary elections. In developing countries like Indonesia, the expansion of the middle class, followed by the declining number of rural regions, may lead to a decline in voter turnouts, thus raising demand for good governance and better performance of parties and candidates
