Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
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The Implementation of Earmarking Tax Policy on Cigarette Tax in West Java Province
Full text linkIn an effort to control cigarette consumption in Indonesia, one of the policies used by the government is the earmarking tax policy on cigarette tax. In fact, the prevalence of smoking in Indonesia continues to increase even though the government has imposed various state levies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of earmarking tax policy on cigarette tax in West Java Province, as one of the regions receiving the largest cigarette tax allocation in Indonesia. This research uses qualitative approach with data collection techniques of literature and in-depth interviews. The results show that the earmarking tax policy on cigarette tax has not been able to reduce the prevalence of smoking since the cigarette tax in the region has not been utilized as per its designation. The function of control of earmarking tax policy on cigarette tax is limited to controlling budgeting aspect; yet, there is no control function related to cigarette tax income to be used according to its purpose (earmarking). Other factors are the cheap price of cigarettes sustained by people’s increasing revenue, massive tobacco advertising, and fervent smoking culture in the community. A partial policy that only relies on state levies is perceived as insufficient to control cigarette consumption, particularly without coordination among stakeholder in central and local governments. In fact, cigarette tax revenue has been budgeted for public health services in West Java Province; nevertheless, its implementation in the field has not been fully utilized for public health services
Power Imbalances in Collective Decision-Making: The Study of Minimum Wage Setting Cases
Full text linkThis paper aimed to empirically describe the power imbalances issues in setting the minimum wage in Bandung Regency and West Bandung Regency. Formally, Regional Wage Council has been established based on equality. However, several power imbalances have occurred within it. This paper also aimed to figure out the way to balance the power in collective decision making in the case of minimum wage setting. Furthermore, the research method used in this research was based on qualitative approach. Also, informants in this research were members of Regional Wage Council, employers in the industrial sector, and trade unions/labor unions in Bandung Regency and West Bandung Regency. The results of this study showed that power imbalances empirically existed in the setting of minimum wage. These imbalances were due to the issues of representatives, the number of members, information resources, and uncertainty. Moreover, power imbalances in the setting of minimum wage have led to the government’s more dominant role. Under these conditions, the effort required to overcome the problem of imbalance is by increasing trust in the government and the commitment of each party to the rules and collective agreements
Piracy in Somalia: An Analysis of the Challenges Faced by the International Community
Full text linkPiracy in Somalia is a phenomenon that has presented several challenges for the international community since the beginning of the 21st century. Effectively formulating a plan of action against piracy requires the willingness of the international community to work together by implementing strong multilateral operations between countries and understanding the social and economic difficulties faced by Somalia, which has given rise to the endemic and its expansion throughout the region. Eradicating piracy means tackling the issue on land by confronting Somalia’s extreme poverty and lack of economic opportunity as well as creating a comprehensive legal framework that will serve as a model to fight piracy. The objective of the present paper is to discuss the roots of piracy in Somalia and the cycle it created, as well as provide an analysis on the legal framework in place in order to judge its effectiveness on an international level. The method applied to lead this research is based on the analysis of reports from international bodies such as the UN and the ICC, as well as academic articles. The results have shown that piracy is the fruit of social, economic, and political issues that have enabled the phenomenon to spread and establish itself in the country
The Political Process of Bureaucratic Reform: Wonosobo Regional Government Experience from 2011-2015
Full text linkThis study examines the political process of bureaucratic reform in Wonosobo regional government from 2011-2015. The article uses political and bureaucratic frameworks to describe the interplay of bureaucrats and politicians in the phases of bureaucratic reform. Data collection for this study employed document review and in-depth interviews with key informants. Results of the study show that the political process of bureaucratic reform mainly involved dialectical interactions between actors in the Wonosobo Regional Government and the Regional House of Representatives. The interplay of actors can then be explained through the actors’ configuration, issues that are confronted by the actors, conflicts of interest between actors, and influence tactics used by actors in managing issues and struggling for their interests. The experience of the Wonosobo regional government shows that bureaucratic reform does not only concern technical and administrative capacities in carrying out institutional arrangement, but it also involves political aspects namely visionary leadership, strong political will to conduct reform, and effective use of influential tactics to gain political supports for the reform.
A Study on Digital Democracy Practice: Opportunities and Challenges of e-Health Implementation in Indonesia
Full text linkAs a developing country, Indonesia faces a crucial issue concerning the provision of health services to the public. The 1998 political reform led to demands for more aspiring and accommodating bureaucratic services being afforded to the public. The political reform brought about bureaucratic reform bearing good governance, wherein one of its forms is the provision of health services through the innovation of an information technology (IT) based service named e-Health. Keeping in mind Indonesia’s characteristics as a developing country, the implementation of IT-based services evokes numerous debates. This study aims to analyze the implementation of e-Health along with the opportunities it has, and the challenges it faces. By using a study case approach on the Surabaya Municipality Health Authority as the initiator and implementer of e-Health, as well as observations and user surveys, the results show that in spite of having been prepared properly with supporting policies, infrastructure, budgeting, dissemination, and operational system, there were still many prevalent obstacles encountered, particularly concerning digital divide, technical difficulties, psychological barriers, and cultural issues. Nevertheless, there are numerous opportunities available for refining e-Health implementation, provided there is a political will from the government to improve and enhance the ICT infrastructure, widespread use of mobile devices, involvement of public participation, and equal distribution of service points easily accessible to the public. Strong government commitment also serves as a guarantee for e-Health service program sustainability in Surabaya Municipality
Democratic Model for Village Economic Resource Management in Nglanggeran, Gunungkidul
Full text linkThis article seeks to describe the results of the research with the topic of developing a model of governance of natural resources at the level of the rural communities involving community participation, both in terms of production, distribution aspects, and aspects of the control of the factors of production. By taking the case of the village Nglanggeran, it sought to create a model of governance “alternative” in the failure of the model of “state” and “market” in protecting people’s socio-economic interests of the community from systemic poverty and the threat of sustainable ecological environment. The experience of developing governance of a natural democracy in this village is expected to illustrate the potential, problems and alternatives completion faced by communities in improving the welfare in a fair and equitable manner
Integration and Harmonization Strategy in Multicultural Society at Palu City
Full text linkThis research reveals the strategy of the people in Palu City in realizing the integration and harmonization among those with diverse cultural backgrounds. This research has an important position considering the conflict that had taken place in Palu City. Therefore, qualitative research was conducted via in-depth interviews in Palu City community, selecting the main informants from the two major ethnic groups, namely Kaili ethnic as indigenous ethnic and Buginese ethnic as ethnic migrants. The informants asked several questions about the social interaction between the local ethnic and the ethnic migrants and their socio economic and political lives. This interview technique was supported by observation and literature studies related to this research problem. The data was then analyzed descriptively qualitative. The result of the research shows: (1) Palu City community is open to multiculturalism, (2) integration strategy is done in the form of joint activities at Rukun Tetangga (RT, neighbourhood, is the lowest administrative division of Indonesia under Rukun Warga/RW)/Rukun Warga (RW, hamlet) level such as Cleaning Saturday, Sport and Art Contest in RT/RW level, RT/RW gathering, (3) the government cooperates with society to realize social harmony in Palu City
The Victory of Partai Amanat Nasional (PAN) in Ngada as the Form of Public Distrust against the Party
Full text linkA political party is a political organization represented by individuals who work for the people with the ideology embraced by the party itself. The task of a political party is to provide political education and lead according to the people’s desires. But what if today’s political party has unconsciously formed the public distrust? The phenomenon of the PAN victory in Ngada district-Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) was a symbol of Ngada’s public distrust toward the party itself, as well as the previous political parties that had won in Ngada. This study aimed to assess the public distrust toward political parties, by looking at the phenomenon of the PAN victory in Ngada. The method used in this research was qualitative research, with in-depth interviews with sources in the field. In this study, the author found some interesting things related to the society and politics in Ngada. One of those things was that the people neither trust nor put hope in the political parties in the matter of responding to their wishes and communities’ development in Ngada. The PAN victory in Ngada was an interesting phenomenon in the political sphere that showed the public’s distrust of the parties today