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Tutela della salute pubblica e rapporti di lavoro
No full textL'intervento indaga la disciplina emergenziale del lavoro agile dalla prospettiva del bilanciamento tra esigenze di salute pubblica, ragioni organizzative e tutela del lavoro. Esaminato il sacrificio dell’accordo tanto sull’an quanto sul quomodo del lavoro agile “emergenziale” e precisate le conseguenti implicazioni, l’A. approfondisce i problemi che questa “nuova” forma di lavoro da remoto sta ponendo nel settore pubblico. L’indagine prosegue ricostruendo i limiti all’unilateralità gestionale del datore di lavoro e precisando la possibilità di includere nella disciplina emergenziale, nonostante il silenzio del d.l. 34/2020, alcune delle garanzie introdotte dalla l. 81/2017
Cancer- A nd non-cancer related chronic pain: From the physiopathological basics to management
No full textThe prevalence of chronic pain is between 33% to 64% and is due to cancer pain, but it has also been observed in non-cancer patients. Chronic pain is associated with lower quality of life and higher psychological distress and depressive/anxiety disorders in patients without a history of disorder. In this study we evaluated in clinical practice the effectiveness of the intrathecal pump in 140 patients who underwent pain therapy at our Center. These patients were consecutively enrolled from January 2010 to July 2018. Follow-up was carried out over these eight years regarding the infusion modalities. Pain relief was obtained in 71 (50,7%) patients out of the 140 that experienced satisfactory pain control globally. Intrathecal therapy is one of the best options for chronic severe refractory pain. The greatest advantage of this therapy is due to the possibility of treating the pain with minimal dosages of the drug, avoiding the appearance of troublesome side effects
Covid e relazioni economiche internazionali. La cooperazione in Europa nello scenario mondiale
No full textLa pandemia in corso rappresenta il culmine del processo di globalizzazione animato da ragioni esclusivamente economiche senza che allo stesso tempo sia stato accompagnato da un confronto internazionale sulla comune condivisione dei rischi insiti in una dinamica di questo tipo. Basti considerare che Il World economic forum (Wef) nel suo annuale Global risks report pubblicato il 15 gennaio 2020 escludeva il rischio di una pandemia, in termini di possibilità dai dieci maggiori eventi catastrofici. Colto di sorpresa dagli effetti devastanti del covid, il mondo è costretto a ripensarsi in maniera inclusiva – si pensi alla sfida del vaccino – pur persistendo fratture fra sistemi politici ed economici che ostentano a manifestarsi in maniera apertamente contrapposta. In questo scenario importanti segnali di novità giungono dall’Unione Europea, che vincendo iniziali titubanze, ha programmato il Recovery Fund, a tutti gli effetti ad oggi il programma di cooperazione più imponente varato in epoca-covid. In questa prospettiva, il seminario si proporrà di tracciare scenari – naturalmente da considerarsi probabili - possa aiutare a comprendere come lo shock della pandemia imponga la ristrutturazione delle relazioni internazionali nell’ambito della governance dei temi globali e della prassi di lavoro sul piano multilaterale
Smart Community per lo Sviluppo e l’Applicazione di Tecnologie di Monitoraggio e Sistemi di Controllo Innovativi per il Servizio Idrico Integrato (WATERTECH)
No full textA Superconducting Permeameter for Characterizing Soft Magnetic Materials at High Fields
No full textA superconducting permeameter is proposed to characterize the magnetic properties of high-energy superconducting magnet yokes at their operating temperature and saturation level. The main problem of superconducting coils, an undesired quench, was faced by specific protection simulations, which has led to a self-protected system. The superconducting permeameter was used to perform the magnetic characterization of ARMCO Pure Iron, the material for the new High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) superconducting magnet yokes, which was performed at the cryogenic temperature of 4.2 K and a saturation level of nearly 3 T. Two case studies based on the new HL-LHC superconducting quadrupole and dipole magnets highlight the impact of the magnetic properties of the yoke on the performance of the superconducting magnets, showing that the common assumption that heavily saturated steels with similar chemical composition behave precisely the same way has been proven wrong
Mycobacteriosis in Aquatic Invertebrates: A Review of Its Emergence
No full textMycobacteriosis is a chronic bacterial disease reported in aquatic and terrestrial animals,
including humans. The disease affects a wide range of cultured and wild organisms worldwide.
Mycobacteriosis is well-known in aquatic vertebrates (e.g., finfish, marine mammals), while in the last
few years, reports of its presence in aquatic invertebrates have been on the rise, for both freshwater
and marine species. The number of cases is likely to increase as a result of increased awareness,
surveillance and availability of diagnostic methods. Domestication of wild aquatic species and the
intensification of modern aquaculture are also leading to an increase in the number of reported
cases. Moreover, climate changes are affecting fresh and marine aquatic ecosystems. The increasing
reports of mycobacteriosis in aquatic invertebrates may also be influenced by global climate warming,
which could contribute to the microbes’ development and survival rates, pathogen transmission
and host susceptibility. Several species of the genus Mycobacterium have been diagnosed in aquatic
invertebrates; a few of them are significant due to their wide host spectrum, economic impact
in aquaculture, and zoonotic potential. The impact of mycobacteriosis in aquatic invertebrates is
probably underestimated, and there is currently no effective treatment other than facility disinfection.
In this review, we provide an overview of the diversity of mycobacterial infections reported in
molluscs, crustaceans, cnidarians, echinoderms and sponges. We highlight important issues relating
to its pathological manifestation, diagnosis and zoonotic consideration
Entwicklung und Evaluation einer Benutzerschnittstelle zur Konfiguration eines Hand-Exoskeletts
Get PDFEtwa 270 000 Menschen erleiden in Deutschland jährlich einen Schlaganfall. Häufig zieht dieser körperliche Einschränkungen in Form von Lähmungserscheinungen und Störungen der Feinmotorik nach sich. Dies kann alltägliche Aktivitäten wie schreiben oder gehen vorerst unmöglich machen. Da in der Zukunft von einem Anstieg der Schlaganfall-Zahlen auszugehen ist, wird somit auch die Frage der Rehabilitation eine immer wichtigere Rolle spielen. Ein vielversprechender Ansatz zur Wiederherstellung der motorischen Fähigkeiten ist der Einsatz von Exoskeletten. Diese können dabei helfen, Bewegungsabläufe neu zu erlernen. Für die Akzeptanz der Exoskelette ist es wichtig, dass diese dem Anwender eine intuitive Benutzerschnittstelle zur Verfügung stellen.
Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Entwicklung und Evaluation einer Benutzerschnittstelle zur Konfiguration eines Hand-Exoskeletts. Die realisierte Anwendung basiert auf Web-Technologien und bietet dem Nutzer eine grafische Oberfläche, in der die Exoskelett-Steuerung als Zustandsmaschine bearbeitet werden kann. Dabei wird eine interaktive Graph-Darstellung für die Visualisierung der Konfiguration genutzt. Die in Form eines Benutzertests durchgeführte Evaluation konnte dabei zeigen, dass das Ziel einer intuitiven Bedienbarkeit erreicht werden konnte.About 270,000 people suffer a stroke in Germany every year. This often results in physical limitations in the form of paralysis and fine motor skills disorders. This can make everyday activities like writing or walking impossible. As the number of strokes is expected to increase in the future, the question of rehabilitation will play an increasingly important role. A promising approach to restore motor skills is the use of exoskeletons. These can help to relearn movement sequences. For the acceptance of exoskeletons it is important that they provide the user with an intuitive interface.
This thesis deals with the development and evaluation of a user interface for the configuration of a hand exoskeleton. The realized application is based on web technologies and provides the user with a graphical interface in which the exoskeleton control can be edited as a state machine. An interactive graph representation is used to visualize the configuration. The evaluation, which was carried out in the form of a user test, showed that the goal of intuitive usability could be achieved
Zeit für sich selbst : Muße, Langeweile und die Nutzung digitaler Medien im Alltag ; Zwei Forschungsberichte
Get PDFDie erste Studie ("Langweilen wir uns noch? Nutzung von digitalen Medien zur unbewussten Prävention von Langeweile") beschäftigt sich mit der Nutzung digitaler Medien als Prävention von
Langeweile. Dabei wird hinterfragt, ob die Mediennutzung die Langeweile tatsächlich verhindern kann oder ob dieser Erfolg ausbleibt. Zunächst wird ermittelt, auf welche Weise
mit Langeweile umgegangen wird. Darauf aufbauend werden Motive herausgearbeitet, die hinter der digitalen Mediennutzung stehen. Aus dieser Kombination von Mediennutzung und Langeweile leitet sich die Frage nach der bewussten oder unbewussten präemptiven Nutzung von Medien zur Vermeidung von Langweile ab. Zur Beantwortung der
Forschungsfragen dient eine qualitativ durchgeführte Gruppendiskussion. -
Die zweite Studie ("Langeweile oder Muße: Gründe der Selbstdarstellung in den sozialen Medien") thematisiert potentielle Gründe der Selbstdarstellung in den sozialen Medien vor dem Hintergrund der modernen digitalen Gesellschaft. Dabei werden vorranging die Konstrukte der Muße und der Langeweile sowie deren Zusammenhänge als Gründe für das Posting selbstdarstellerischer Inhalte in Social Media theoretisch betrachtet und methodisch analysiert. Im Rahmen der Forschungsarbeit wird dabei Instagram als beispielhaftes Medium zum Gegenstandsbereich der Untersuchung gewählt. Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage wird die Methode der narrativen Medienforschung angewandt.
Basierend auf den Erkenntnissen von fünf qualitativ und narrativ durchgeführten Tiefeninterviews erfolgt mittels einer Inhaltsanalyse eine deduktive sowie induktive Kategorienbildung, die potentielle Gründe der Selbstdarstellung aufzeigt
Gut microbiome investigation in celiac disease: from methods to its pathogenetic role
No full textOur body is inhabited by a variety of microbes (microbiota), mainly bacteria, that outnumber our own cells. Until recently, most of what we knew about the human microbiota was based on culture methods, whereas a large part of the microbiota is uncultivable, and consequently previous information was limited. The advent of culture-independent methods and, particularly, of next-generation sequencing (NGS) methodology, marked a turning point in studies of the microbiota in terms of its composition and of the genes encoded by these microbes (microbiome). The microbiome is influenced predominantly by environmental factors that cause a large inter-individual variability (~20%) being its heritability only 1.9%. The gut microbiome plays a relevant role in human physiology, and its alteration ("dysbiosis") has been linked to a variety of inflammatory gut diseases, including celiac disease (CD). CD is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder that is triggered by both genetic (mainly HLA-DQ2/DQ8 haplotypes) and environmental factors (gluten), but, in recent years, a large body of experimental evidence suggested that the gut microbiome is an additional contributing factor to the pathogenesis of CD. In this review, we summarize the literature that has investigated the gut microbiome associated with CD, the methods and biological samples usually employed in CD microbiome investigations and the putative pathogenetic role of specific microbial alterations in CD. In conclusion, both gluten-microbe and host-microbe interactions drive the gluten-mediated immune response. However, it remains to be established whether the CD-associated dysbiosis is the consequence of the disease, a simple concomitant association or a concurring causative factor
