Independent Journal of Management & Production
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Global pandemics and the businesses in Lithuania
Full text linkThis publication analyzes the situation of businesses in the context of global pandemics. Business is an integral part of everyday life, facing risks and challenges daily, and in rare cases, such as pandemics and quarantine. Therefore, it is necessary for companies to have a contingency plan in place to deal with unexpected or expected challenges, i.e. what activities it would be possible to reorient to, how to perform activities by working remotely etc. Both the public sector and the private sector are closely interlinked. And every new environmental factor, be it state regulation, technological development, or the changing needs of humanity, and in this case, pandemic and quarantine, affects business in one way or another and leads to the success of some, the failure of others. At present, the coronavirus Covid-19, which is spreading all over the world, and the quarantine introduced in many countries are of great importance to business.
This paper also presents a small-scale qualitative research data showing the impact on different types of businesses in Lithuania. The main scope of this paper is measuring the level of impact of the pandemic COVID-19 for businesses in Lithuania. Methods were used as follows: i) analysis, comparison and interpretation of scientific literature and documents; ii) qualitative approach applying structured interview with selected leaders/managers of the companies in Lithuania
Economic and non-economic determinants of economic growth in Bangladesh: multivariate regression analysis
Full text linkThis study focuses on the scenario of the economic development of Bangladesh. The major objective of the study is to examine the economic and non-economic determinants of the economic growth of the country. This study employs the Multivariate OLS regression and GLM technique to explore the influences of those variables to the economic growth and development of the country. The empirical results show that agriculture, industry, and service sector contribution to real GDP are positive where industry and service sectors are statistically significant. The results of the economic determinant model illustrate that the capital, labor forces, imports, and total reserve of the country positively influence the economic development of the country which are significant also. The OLS estimation shows that coefficients of non-economic determinants such as control of corruption and bureaucratic quality are positively significant to influence the economy. The results also present that internal conflict, democratic accountability, and rule and order situation negatively affect the economic growth in Bangladesh. The GLM estimation shows the control of corruption, rule, and order also a positive effect on economic growth. These empirical findings are consistent with the exploratory analysis and practices
Drivers of poverty in oil producing communities of southern Nigeria
Full text linkThe oil-producing communities generate more than 80 percent of Nigeria earnings from crude oil. Unfortunately, the oil has not shown enough prosperity in the oil-producing communities as the standard of living of the people is worsening by the day with little attention to the provision of infrastructure. Besides, there is evidence of widespread and abject poverty among the inhabitants of the oil-producing communities. An inclusive policy to harness the potentials of such communities requires the knowledge of the factors influencing their poverty levels. This study estimated the factors influencing the poverty of inhabitants in the oil-producing communities of southern Nigeria. Using multistage sampling procedure, 120 representative households were chosen and information was obtained with the help of structured questionnaire. In order to find what determines poverty, an altered reversal model comprising 15 regressors was used in the analysis. The results revealed that most critical factors influencing poverty in the communities were dependency ratio, farm size, experience in farming, farm income, level of knowledge gained, the gateway to extended services, modern farming inputs, and having the opportunity a to health facility. Increasing the size of cultivable hectarage either through land consolidation or expansion of existing farmland and improving the educational level of inhabitants of the oil communities are rational policy decisions that could reduce poverty and improve their quality of life
Results of socio-environmental strategies and pratices in flexographic processes
Full text linkThis study aims to identify the results of social and environmental sustainability strategies in flexographic printing processes of labels and labels. The research consisted of a literature review, followed by an exploratory-descriptive study of qualitative nature. Data collection took place in a primary way through a semi-structured on-site interview with the company's owner, and also involved access to documents. In conclusion, the article analyzes the results of two years in relation to social and environmental practices and the identification of sustainability practices obtained in the company
Satisfaction and Motivation: a study with servers from the traffic department of federal district
Full text linkThe main objective of the present work is to empirically investigate the satisfaction and motivation at work of the employees of the Traffic Department of the Federal District (DETRAN - DF), whose analysis aims to identify how satisfied the employees are with the performance of their duties in the work environment. Furthermore, it was also analyzed how motivated the employees feel. For this, a quantitative descriptive research was used, and for data collection, the Reduced Work Satisfaction Scale (EST) was used, which was developed in Brazil, validated by Siqueira (2008) and a factorial tetra questionnaire, prepared by Ferreira et al. (2006). The survey was carried out between the months of August and September 2020. 123 civil servants in the study participated in the effective position of the total of 1,125. The results showed that although the dimension satisfaction with the head has reached the highest average, the servants feel indifferent, and the motivational factor that has the greatest influence on civil servants concerns the motivation for achievement and power. In relation to motivational factors, employees feel indifferent as to the motivation for performance, achievement and involvement, in addition, the factors in relation to the organization do not influence the motivation of the work. This research contributes as a proposal to improve the quality of life, so that the agency develops policies that enable satisfaction with wages and promotions, as well as motivation regarding the organization of work. The result of this research may contribute to an analysis of the feeling and perception of DETRAN - DF employees, and future decision making in organizational planning
Somethings About Biological Prostheses
Full text linkFinite element models of the female biofidel were developed using a specific combination of segmentation with computed tomography and solid modeling tools capable of representing bone physiology and structural behavior. This biofidel finite element (FEM) model is used to evaluate the change in the physiological distribution of stress in the femoral prosthesis and to evaluate the new design criteria for biopsy. Biomimetics, biomechanics, and tissue engineering are three multidisciplinary fields that have been considered in this research to achieve the goal of improving the reliability of prosthetic implants. The authors took these studies to gather the untapped potential of such advanced materials and design technologies by developing finite models of Biofidel elements capable of correctly mimicking the biomechanical behavior of the femur. The new remodeling of the tetrahedral elements was performed in 3Matic looking for the congruence of the node at the bone-implant interfaces, where the material was defined for the new configuration of the finite elements. The evaluation of the mechanical properties was made taking into account the mechanical characteristics of the cortical and trabecular bone. For biomechanical integration of the implant, a custom material with an improved combination of strength and rigidity that matches the bone should be used. This greater biomechanical compatibility will avoid weakening the implant and increase lifespan, avoiding additional surgery for revision and allowing good biological integration (bone growth). Innovative biomimetic materials for tissue engineering based on hydrophilic polymers were developed by our research group and presented attractive physical, biological, and mechanical properties for biomedical applications. For use with metal prostheses, the authors have developed a hybrid biocompatible material, extremely biocompatible, based on hydrophilic chemicals and hydroxy-ethyl-methacrylate type. The structural metal composition of the new prostheses will be made of titanium alloys using additive technology based on melting thin layers of titanium powder (about 50 microns) on each other until the desired component is obtained (sandwich method). Then, the biomaterial and osteoconductive nanostructured material developed in our previous studies can cover the titanium structural prosthetic skeleton. These hybrid biological prostheses, which are made using synthetic materials capable of inducing the growth of biological networks and structural steel scaffolding, may favor the emergence of new classes of orthopedic hybrids in the medical field. The new hybrid bio-prosthesis could drastically reduce protection against stress while providing an advantageous improvement in the life of the prosthesis compared to traditional solutions. Recovering optimal joint functionality will improve the patient's quality of life, which perceives a significant reduction in the risk of the new surgery. The requirement to predict potential structural changes that could be induced by improper use of biologically compatible prostheses in bone structure and morphology has forced our studies to evaluate fictitious models that could be considered for efficient bone distribution and orthotropic behavior
How is the ethical behaviour of auditors quantified?
Full text link“Government is going about reform the wrong way” is frequently encountered in the specialized literature which characterizes the synthesis of the present audit period. Although there exists an Ethical Code in the economic word, the practical controversy over the features of the accounting regulation to adjust the economic environment seems to be endless. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the ethical behaviour of auditors and its influence on the degree of audits’ independence, in view of the historical changes and the actual circumstances of the audit market. For this, the biggest financial frauds that have occurred in Europe and US between 1925 and 2020 together with the role of reforms in the audit world are investigated. The results indicate a solution which seems to be in the consciousness of human beings, in the moral law of people written in the Ethical Code and checked by supervisory bodies
Modeling and simulation of building energy consumption
Full text linkBuilding energy consumption represents much of the total energy consumed in advanced countries. For this reason, the aim of this paper is to study the energy consumption profile by day for each domestic appliance: controllable appliances (heating, ventilation and air conditioning, electric water heater, dishwasher, washing machine) and non-controllable appliances (oven, TV, PC, iron, refrigerator and freezer) where the modeling and the simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink software are presented
A analysis of the possibility of reducing spare parts in the maintenance context 4.0
Full text linkEquipment inspection arose from the need to maintain industrial facilities in satisfactory physical condition, providing the minimum level of safety and reliability in operation and maintenance. Machines and equipment cannot stop operating without planning and managing the supply chain, maintaining large quantities of spare parts stocks. The objective of this work is to analyze the possibility of predictive and / or prescriptive monitoring to contribute to the preventive maintenance of the real condition of the equipment, that is, only in real need, avoiding preventive maintenance for pre-established intervals, consequently reducing the stock of spare parts. To this end, a Systematic Literature Review (RSL) was carried out using the keywords Maintenance 4.0 and Supply Chain Management and Industrial Logistics, identifying the main authors and most relevant journals
Companies’ sustainable reporting: assessment and practice
Full text linkThe article is devoted to highlighting of the results of scientific and practical research aimed at solving the problem of ensuring the comparability of enterprises' non-financial reporting data. The issues of current stage of non-financial reporting implementation are identified, including the lack of comparability of data disclosed in such reporting between companies, undustries and countries. These caused the difficulties with the monitoring of Sustainable Development Goals attainment. The results presented in the article is a part of the global overall countries’ case study of companies non-financial reporting practice in terms of SDGs’ attainment managed by UNCTAD. The ways and solutions to ensure the comparability of non-financial reporting data are suggested. The objective of the study is to determine the possility to align the company's core indicators with macro-indicators of SDGs attainment in appropriate areas. Case of Ukraine in the field of aggregation statistical data on progress in SDGs attainment and assessment of the private sector contribution to this process. The study was based on data from non-financial reporting of Ukrainian company for 2017-2018. This project was conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Guidance on core indicators for entity reporting on contribution towards implementation of SDGs, developed by ISAR-UNCTAD