163559 research outputs found
Sort by
Effect of mechanical and chemical surface treatments on the repairing of milled and 3D-printed denture bases
No full textEnsuring a strong bond between chairside autopolymerized acrylic resin to denture base is essential for denture repair and reline procedures. However, there is no established protocol to enhance bond strength between autopolymerizing resin and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) denture base materials. The purpose of this study was to determine shear bond strength of CAD-CAM denture bases and autopolymerizing acrylic resin after mechanical and chemical surface treatments compared with heat-polymerized acrylic resin. Heat-polymerized, milled, and 3-dimensional (3D) printed denture bases were divided into 4 surface treatment protocols: none (control), airborne-particle abrasion (APA), tetrahydrofuran, and Vitacoll application. Autopolymerizing acrylic resin cylinders were bonded to denture surface. Shear bond strength and failure modes were determined after thermocycling. Denture base surfaces were assessed for surface roughness, surface morphology, and microhardness before and after surface treatment. Data was analyzed using two-way ANOVA and multiple comparison tests. The results showed that APA significantly increased shear bond strength and surface roughness of all denture base materials. Tetrahydrofuran and Vitacoll application improved shear bond strength of heat-polymerized acrylic resin, but did not reach the level achieved by APA. Conversely, tetrahydrofuran application improved bond strength of 3D-printed denture to the level of APA. Tetrahydrofuran and Vitacoll application significantly reduced denture base hardness, compared with control and APA. In conclusion, mechanical surface treatment using APA enhances the adhesion of autopolymerizing acrylic resin to heat-polymerized and CAD-CAM denture bases. Tetrahydrofuran and Vitacoll chemical surface treatment improved adhesion to heat-polymerized acrylic resin, with only tetrahydrofuran enhancing bond strength of 3D-printed denture to the level of APA. Without surface treatment, the highest bond strength was shown in 3D-printed denture base material.Y
빅 히스토리를 활용한 AI 기반 융합질문 생성 교육용 서비스 OASIS 개발
No full text본 연구는 중등학교 학생들의 융합역량을 증진시키기 위해 빅 히스토리를 활
용한 AI 기반 융합질문 생성 교육용 서비스 OASIS(Online AI-based Service for
Inquiry Studies)를 고안하고, 그 효과 및 만족도 평가를 목적으로 한다.
세 단계의 모델 개선을 통해 중점 모델 OASIS를 구축하고 고등학교 1학년 학
생 128명을 대상으로 OASIS 사용 전후 융합역량 검사를 실시하였다. 또한 동일
학생들과 교육전문가 15명을 대상으로 사용자 만족도 조사를 진행하여 효과 및
만족도를 평가하였다.
OASIS는 ChatGPT를 활용하여 입력된 키워드에 대한 다학문의 정보를 제공함으로
써 간학문적 이해를 높이고, 융합질문 생성 및 상호작용 활동을 통해 융합역량을 함
양할 수 있도록 구성되었다. 융합역량 검사 및 사용자 만족도 조사 결과, OASIS 사
용이 학생들의 융합역량 증진에 도움이 되었고 정보의 유용성 측면에서 높은 만족도
가 나타났다. 반면 정보의 부정확성 및 느린 로딩 속도 등 한계점도 있었다. 추후 이
러한 한계점을 보완하면 중등 융합교육 현장에서 유용하게 사용될 가능성이 있다
PeerAiD: Improving Adversarial Distillation from a Specialized Peer Tutor
No full textAdversarial robustness of the neural network is a significant concern when it is applied to security-critical domains. In this situation, adversarial distillation is a promising option which aims to distill the robustness of the teacher network to improve the robustness of a small student network. Previous works pretrain the teacher network to make it robust against the adversarial examples aimed at itself. However, the adversarial examples are dependent on the parameters of the target network. The fixed teacher network inevitably degrades its robustness against the unseen transferred adversarial examples which target the parameters of the student network in the adversarial distillation process. We propose PeerAiD to make a peer network learn the adversarial examples of the student network instead of adversarial examples aimed at itself. PeerAiD is an adversarial distillation that trains the peer network and the student network simultaneously in order to specialize the peer network for defending the student network. We observe that such peer networks surpass the robustness of the pretrained robust teacher model against adversarial examples aimed at the student network. With this peer network and adversarial distillation, PeerAiD achieves significantly higher robustness of the student network with AutoAttack (AA) accuracy by up to 1.66%p and improves the natural accuracy of the student network by up to 4.72% p with ResNet-18 on TinyImageNet dataset. Code is available at https://github.com/jaewonalive/PeerAiD.N
Compilation and Circulation of Yu Shaoan Pidian Wenxuan Xinjue
No full textTo examine the unique value of Yu Shaoan Pidian Wenxuan Xinjue in relation to historical literary anthologies, this study compares and analyzes its editions compiled and annotated with critical remarks by Yu Ji(1272–1348) during the Yuan dynasty. Books featuring commentary and critical remarks on poetry and literature emerged during the Southern Song Dynasty when those analyzing reading and writing methods, targeted at scholars engaged in academic pursuits to pass the imperial examinations, were compiled and published. Yu Shaoan Pidian Wenxuan Xinjue, compiled by Yu Ji, was published by adding commentary to works such as Lü Zuqians Guwen Guanjian, Xie Fangdes Wenzhang Guifan, and Zhen Dexius Wenzhang Zhengzong, along with the works of Song dynasty literati, including Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, and Su Shi. This study organizes the series of editions of Yu Shaoan Pidian Wenxuan Xinjue compiled in China and Japan. Furthermore, the author discovered an edition that was circulated from Joseon to Japan and conducted a philological investigation to reveal its origins. Yu Shaoan Pidian Wenxuan Xinjue was circulated and reproduced in East Asias Chinese character cultural sphere; thus, as a valuable source, the text provides insight into one facet of the exchange of books and literature in premodern East Asia. In particular, since it is an example of a text that circulated from China to Joseon, and again from Joseon to Japan while retaining its original form when reprinted, this work can shed new light on Joseon and the value of Joseon books. Follow-up research should thoroughly examine different editions and provide a comprehensive analysis of thecritical remarks encompassing the entire Yu Shaoan Pidian Wenxuan Xinjue
The 50th Anniversary of Atomic Bomb in 1995 and the Summons of the Atomic Bomb, Combined Disaster and Religion, Peace : Kim Jung-yang's Hiroshima! Goodbye!-
No full textThis article seeks to research into Kim Jung-yang's novel, Hiroshima! Goodbye!(1995) This work is in the latter half of the Korean atomic bomb literature, runs from the late 1980s to the early and mid-1990s. In the early and mid-1980s, Reagan-era, the U.S.-Soviet nuclear arms race and the global anti-nuclear movement were linked to Korea's pro-democracy, self-reliance and unification movements in the mid-1980s, and Korea began to express its nuclear weapons in earnest. Around this time, the victims of the atomic bomb, which had been alienated from society, began to be captured by the Korean media. In November 1987, the Korea Atomic Bomb Victims Association demanded $2.3 billion in compensation for the victims who were exposed to the Japanese Embassy in Seoul. The incident drew social attention as Roh Tae-woo was elected president and Japan and postwar treatment emerged as a diplomatic issue. In addition, the North Korean nuclear crisis in the early and mid-1990s, the symbolism of the 50 years in 1995 and the nuclear testings of China and France have realized the "concern of nuclear war." Based on this historical context, the study sought to find out what strategies and contents Kim Jung-yang organized for socializing the atomic bomb problem and remembering the publi
Plain language summary of the FOENIX-CCA2 study: futibatinib for people with advanced bile duct cancer
No full textWhat is this summary about?This summary describes the results from a phase 2 study called FOENIXCCA2. The study evaluated treatment with futibatinib in people with a rare form of advanced bile duct cancer called intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (or iCCA), where the tumors have changes in the structure of a gene called FGFR2. These changes include FGFR2 gene fusions. Bile duct cancer often returns after surgery or cannot be treated by surgery because the tumor has spread, so it requires treatment with chemotherapy. People live for a median of 1 year after their first chemotherapy treatment and 6 months after their second treatment. This study included people whose cancer had grown/spread after one or more chemotherapy treatments. The aims of the study were to see if futibatinib could shrink the size of tumors and stop the cancer from growing/spreading and to see how long people lived when treated with futibatinib. Clinicians also looked at side effects from taking futibatinib and at how it affected people's quality of life. What were the results?Futibatinib treatment shrank tumors in over 80% of people who received treatment. Tumors shrank by at least 30% in 42% of people. Futibatinib stopped tumors from growing/spreading for a median of 9.7 months. People who took the medicine lived for a median of 21.7 months, and 72% of people were still alive after 1 year. Side effects from taking futibatinib were like those reported for similar medicines, and clinicians considered the side effects to be manageable by adjusting the dose of futibatinib or treating the side effects. Most people reported that their quality of life stayed the same or improved during the first 9 months of taking futibatinib. What do the results mean?The results support the use of futibatinib for treating people with advanced bile duct cancer. Based on the results of this study, futibatinib is now approved in the US, Europe, and Japan. Futibatinib is approved for treating adults with advanced bile duct cancer who have received previous treatment for their cancer, and whose tumors have a gene fusion or other change in the FGFR2 gene.Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02052778 (FOENIX-CCA2) What do the results mean?The results support the use of futibatinib for treating people with advanced bile duct cancer. Based on the results of this study, futibatinib is now approved in the US, Europe, and Japan. Futibatinib is approved for treating adults with advanced bile duct cancer who have received previous treatment for their cancer, and whose tumors have a gene fusion or other change in the FGFR2 gene.Y
Hierarchical mesh-type oxygen electrode using carbon nanotube framework for anion-exchange membrane-based unitized regenerative fuel cells
No full textDeveloping three-dimensional porous oxygen electrodes (OE) is crucial for enhancing round-trip efficiency (RTE) of anion-exchange membrane-based unitized regenerative fuel cells (AEM_URFCs). Herein, a novel OE design of AEM_URFCs is presented based on a hierarchical mesh electrode (HME) with a porous carbon nanotube (CNT) framework. The HME, featuring square-shaped macropores achieved by dispersing catalyst nanoparticles on the CNT framework enhances surface area, mass transport, and electron transport. Half-cell test demonstrated superior oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction activity compared to conventional electrodes. Moreover, the HME maintained stable ORR and OER activity during the stability test. In single-cell tests, the AEM_URFCs with the HME exhibited higher RTE (55% at 20 mA cm−2), surpassing the conventional electrode (52%). Furthermore, RTE was maintained at a remarkable 41% under ultrahigh current density (250 mA cm−2), which is unprecedented in the literature. The AEM_URFCs featuring the HME displayed superior cyclability over 5 cycles and durable performances under both fuel cell and water electrolysis modes.N
Efficient Electrochemical Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol Using an Anion-Exchange Membrane Electrolysis Cell
No full textThe electrochemical hydrogenation (ECH) of furfural (FF) offers a promising pathway for the production of furfuryl alcohol (FA) while aligning with sustainability and environmental considerations. However, this technology has primarily been studied in half-cell configurations operating at high cell voltages and low current densities. Herein, we employ a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) system with an anion-exchange membrane for the ECH of FF and systematically investigate various parameters, including the ionomer content in the cathode catalyst, electrolyte type, electrolyte concentration, and flow rate. Under optimal conditions, our MEA system with non-noble metal-based catalysts exhibits a current density of 30 mA cm(-2) with a Faradaic efficiency for FA production of 66% at a cell voltage of 2 V, maintaining operational durability for 5 h. This study highlights the potential of electrochemical FA production for practical applications to realize the decarbonization of the hydrogenation industry.Y
Pralsetinib in patients with RET fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer: A plain language summary of the ARROW study
No full textWhat is this summary about?This is a summary of a research study called ARROW, which tested a medicine called pralsetinib in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), thyroid cancer, and other advanced solid tumours caused by a change in a gene called RET. For the purposes of this summary, only patients with NSCLC with a change in RET called fusion (RET fusion+) are highlighted.What were the results?In total, 281 patients with RET fusion+ NSCLC had taken part in this study across the USA, Europe, and Asia. Patients were asked to take four pills (adding up to 400 mg) of pralsetinib each day and were checked for any changes in their tumours, as well as for any side effects. After an average of 8 months of treatment with pralsetinib, 72% of previously untreated patients and 59% of patients who had previously received chemotherapy had considerable shrinkage of their tumours. Among 10 patients with tumours which had spread to the brain (all of whom had received previous treatments), 70% had their tumours shrink greatly in the brain after treatment with pralsetinib.On average, patients lived with little to no tumour growth for 16 months. In previously untreated patients, the most common severe side effects that were considered related to pralsetinib treatment were decreased white blood cells (neutrophils and lymphocytes), increased blood pressure, and an increase in a blood protein called creatine phosphokinase. In previously treated patients, the severe side effects were decreased white blood cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, and leukocytes), increased blood pressure, and low levels of red blood cells. In both untreated and previously treated patients, the most common severe side effects that required hospital attention were lung inflammation/swelling causing shortness of breath (pneumonitis) and lung infection (pneumonia).What were the results? In total, 281 patients with RET fusion+ NSCLC had taken part in this study across the USA, Europe, and Asia. Patients were asked to take four pills (adding up to 400 mg) of pralsetinib each day and were checked for any changes in their tumours, as well as for any side effects. After an average of 8 months of treatment with pralsetinib, 72% of previously untreated patients and 59% of patients who had previously received chemotherapy had considerable shrinkage of their tumours. Among 10 patients with tumours which had spread to the brain (all of whom had received previous treatments), 70% had their tumours shrink greatly in the brain after treatment with pralsetinib. On average, patients lived with little to no tumour growth for 16 months. In previously untreated patients, the most common severe side effects that were considered related to pralsetinib treatment were decreased white blood cells (neutrophils and lymphocytes), increased blood pressure, and an increase in a blood protein called creatine phosphokinase. In previously treated patients, the severe side effects were decreased white blood cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, and leukocytes), increased blood pressure, and low levels of red blood cells. In both untreated and previously treated patients, the most common severe side effects that required hospital attention were lung inflammation/swelling causing shortness of breath (pneumonitis) and lung infection (pneumonia).What do the results mean?Overall, the ARROW study showed that pralsetinib was effective in shrinking tumours in patients with RET fusion+ NSCLC regardless of previous treatment history. The recorded side effects were expected in patients receiving this type of medicine. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03037385 (ARROW) (ClinicalTrials.gov)Y
Anti-cancer effects of DHP107 on canine mammary gland cancer examined through in-vitro and in-vivo mouse xenograft models
Get PDFBackground
Canine mammary gland cancer (CMGC) is a common neoplasm in intact bitches. However, the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of paclitaxel on CMGC in in-vitro and in-vivo settings.
Results
Paclitaxel dose-dependently inhibited viability and induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in both primary and metastatic CMGC cell lines (CIPp and CIPm). In animal experiments, the average tumour volume decreased significantly in proportion to the administered oral paclitaxel dose. By examining tumour tissue using a TUNEL assay and immunohistochemical staining with anti-CD31 as a marker of endothelial differentiation, respectively, it was confirmed that oral paclitaxel induced apoptosis and exerted an anti-angiogenetic effect in tumour tissues. Further, downregulation of cyclin D1 in tumour tissues suggested that oral paclitaxel induced cell cycle arrest in tumour tissues in-vivo.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that paclitaxel may have anti-cancer effects on CMGC through cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, and anti-angiogenesis. This study could provide a novel approach to treat CMGC