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PERUBAHAN SIFAT FISIK DAN STABILITAS DIMENSI KAYU AKIBAT PENGAWETAN MENGGUNAKAN IMPREGNASI KARBONDIOKSIDA
Get PDFThe effect of preservative treatment using carbon dioxide as a carrier solvent on wood physical properties and dimensional stability had been observed on three commercial wood species (Agathis sp., Palaquium sp., and Heritiera sp.). For the purpose of the study, wood samples measuring 1,5 (R) x 1,5 (T) x 15 (L) cm were prepared. Treatment was conducted at elevated temperature (50C - 350C) and increased pressure (60 - 80 kgf/cm2) on one occasion with five replicates using two specimens of each wood species for each treatment. The final treatment condition was maintained for three different periods (10, 20, 30 minutes). Results indicated that the physical properties and dimensional stability of the preserved wood were not significantly affected by the application of CO2 impregnation as carrier solvent.
Key words: Preservative treatment, Carbon dioxide, Carrier solvent, Wood physical properties, Wood dimensional stabilit
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI JAMUR KAYU DARI HUTAN PENDIDIKAN DAN LATIHAN TABO-TABO KECAMATAN BUNGORO KABUPATEN PANGKEP
Get PDFWood deterioration were generally occured by the activities of biological agents. Fungal can attack wood and lignoselulosic substances and cause staining and decaying. Its damage levels were vary depending on the attacking fungal species. Eventhough it poses some disadvantages, actually fungy have potential benefits for human life such as nutrient, energy resources, medicine, etc. Fungy from Tabo-tabo educational forest were collected, isolated,and identified in this study. Identification was conducted throughout their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. The result showed that the amount of fungal species were nineteen species, i.e: Aspergillus sp.,Poria subacida, Fomes sp., Lenzites sp., Hericium sp., Dacrymyces deliquescens, Ganoderma lucidum, Clitocybe sp., Trametes confragasa, Shizophyllum commune, Periconia sp., dan Helicosporium sp.,Clitocybe sp., Schizophyllum commune, dan Hygrophorus hypotejus,Ganoderma lucidum dan Coprinus atramentarius, Amanitopsis fulva dan Dacrymyces deliquescens, Collybia sp., Amanitopsis fulva, Hygrophorus hypotejus,Coprinus atramentarius, Monilia sitophilia, Gilmaniella sp. dan Conoplea sp.
Key words: Wood fungy, deterioration, Tabo-tabo Educational Forest
Reference
PENDAPATAN PETANI DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN TANAMAN PADA BERBAGAI POLA USAHA WANATANI DI SUB DAS MINRALENG HULU KABUPATEN MAROS
Get PDFThe plant diversity using shanon index and the farmer income level were investigated in this study. This information is very important to contribute some improvement of agroforestry pattern related to the farmer welfare and the ecological productivity in upperstream Minraleng Sub Watershed. Results show that the diversity index of mix public forest was higher than the other patterns, eventhough it has a lower contribution compared to paddyfield. Paddyfield and unirigated-land have a higher contribution to farmer income, but they have lower diversity indexes. In contrast, candlenut monoculture and mix garden have higher diversity indexes and lower contribution to farmer income. A plant diversification under candlenut stands and an economical plant intensification on mix garden were needed to increase the farmer income and the diversity of economic plants.
Key words: Diversity index, farmer income, agroforestry, Minraleng Sub Watershed
Reference
SIFAT ANTI RAYAP DARI EKSTRAK IJUK AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr.)
Get PDFThe fiber of sugar-palm tree Arenga pinnata Merr., locally known as ijuk, is frequently harvested after the tree age of 5 years and traditionally used as covering to protect ground-contact wood construction materials against organism attack, particularly subterranean termites. The effectiveness of sufar-palm tree fiber extract of marketed formation using acetone and and hexane againts subterannean termites (Coptotermes sp.) has been observed. The results showed that mortality of termite after 2 weeks is 100% on samples given the sugar-palm tree fiber extract, compared with the mortality of controls (without sugar-palm tree fiber extract) is 7,07% after 3 weeks. The consumption rate of termites opposited with the mortality value, due to the existence of bioactive components or chemical compounds having inhibitor or toxic against termites activities.
Key words: Sugar-Palm Tree Fiber, Arenga pinnata, Antitermiticidal activities, Coptotermes sp
PAPAN SEMEN-GYPSUM DARI CORE-KENAF (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI PENGERASAN AUTOCLAVE
Get PDFCement and gypsum bonded cellulosic fiber reinforced materials are ultimately ideal ecological building products. Their capability to use industrial coproducts and wastes as both their matrix material make its reinforcement also environmentally sustainable products. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of proportion cement-gypsum and curing autoclave time on the properties of cement gypsum board from core-kenaf. Three levels of proportion cement and gypsum were applied, namely; 40:60, 50:50, and 60:40, where cements contain at face-back layers and gypsum contain at core layers. Five levels of curing autoclave time were applied, namely ; conventional curing 2 weeks (control), curing autoclave 2, 4, 8, and 16 hours. CaCl2 3% and Borax 2 % was used as an accelerator and retarder. The physical and mechanical properties of cement-gypsum board were observed in according to JIS A 5417-1992. The results show that the physical and mechanical properties were gain on proportion of cement-gypsum 60:40 with 8 hours curing autoclave.
Key words : Core-kenaf, Cement-gypsum board, Autoclave
Reference
SIFAT FISIK IJUK DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI PERINTANG FISIK SERANGAN RAYAP TANAH
Get PDFThe fiber of sugar-palm tree Arenga pinnata Merr., locally known as ijuk, is traditionally used as covering to protect ground-contact wood construction materials although effectiveness of the material in protecting wood construction from biodeterioration has not been determined. In the current study, potential of the sugar-palm tree fiber as a physical barrier against termite attacks was analyzed in terms of their structure and physical characteristics. Samples of sugar-palm tree fibers from natural and marketed formations were prepared and determined for their fiber distribution, shapes, sizes, moisture content, density, and sheet grammage since these aspects were considered to be important factors influencing the penetration ability of termites. Results showed that each of the sugar-palm tree fibers has different shapes (half-round, round, rectangle) and different sizes (ranging from 0.05 to 1.00 mm in thickness). It was also found to have 3-5 ramifications with the angle of 10o – 30o. The process of branching out was supposed to initiate a natural insertion of each formed fiber to others. It is believed that fibers with particular arrangements are able to prevent the penetration or tunneling of termites.
Keywords: Sugar- palm tree fiber, physical barrier, subterranean termite
OTONOMI DAERAH DAN PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA ALAM : KASUS PENGELOLAAN HUTAN DI SULAWESI SELATAN
Get PDFDecentralization has been regarded as a best way to utilize natural resources for local people benefit and to distribute development results fairly through out of entirely of the country. However, experience has shown that in some cases decentralization in forest management policy was not implemented by local authorities in balancing way of both utilization and conservation. On the other hand, local government complained that even though power transfer to local authority has been implemented since the Indonesian reform politic, central government is still maintaining control over the forest management policy. This article describes decentralization experiences of forest management policy in South Sulawesi. Their impacts followed by some suggestions are also outlined.
Key words : Decentralization, Forest management, Local Authority, Central Govermen
PERENCANAAN PENGELOLAAN HUTAN RAKYAT DI TANA TORAJA
Get PDFA study on the management planning of Public Forest in Tana Toraja Regency was implemented with the aim of establishing a concept for forest product regulation in order to attain an optimum result and benefits in the interest of the owners and regional development. As the result, the public forest that located on 10 districts in Tana Toraja Regency can be organized into four Management Units. By an appropriate management treatments, every management unit can present an adequate and sustainable quantity of raw material for wood processing industries in this region.
Keywords: Management Planning, Public Forest, Yield Sustainability, Management Unit, and Annual Allowable Cu
PRODUKSI POLONG DAN BIJI TANAMAN GAMAL (Glirisidia sepium) DARI BERBAGAI PROVENANSI DENGAN PEMUPUKAN NPK
Get PDFThe productivity of forest natural resources is now decreasing and therefore rehabilitation efforts is urgently needed. Breeding of forest plant is the best solution to increase forest productivity in both quantity and quality. The biological reproduction can be conducted through seed production with fertilization. This research was aimed at determining the effect of fertilizing treatments on pod and seed production of different Glirisidia sepium provenances to find out the best provenance and best fertilizer dosage. Fertilization treatments showed a significant effect on the pod and seed production. On the other hand, the provenance and its interaction with fertilizing did not show any significant effects on the pod and seed production. The best performance was found on the fertilization treatment of 500 g resulting in the average production of 1,288 pods and 27,621 seeds/tree.
Keywords: Fertilizing, Seed Production, Provenance, Glirisidia sepiu
KUALITAS PAPAN KOMPOSIT BERLAPIS FINIR DARI SABUT KELAPA DAN PLASTIK POLIETILENA DAUR ULANG: VARIASI UKURAN PARTIKEL SABUT KELAPA
Get PDFAgricultural fibers are currently used as a substituted resource to wood-based products. One of agricultural fibers that has been developed and become a resource for panel products is coir (coconut fiber). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the quality of veneered composite board made of coir and recycled polyethylene (RPE). The target density of board samples was 0.7 g/cm3. The board construction type is core type composite board (three layers). Veneers from Meranti (Shorea sp.) were used as face and back layers and coir was in the core layer. RPE composition was 50% based on coir particle and veneers oven dry weights. Recycled plastics were placed in three layers, 30% on the face and back layers, and 70% in the core layer. The coir sizes were under 1 cm, 1 cm, 5 cm, 10 cm, and 10 cm up (along coir size). The composite board samples were tested by JIS A 5908 – 1994. Each parameter was measured in three replications. The research results obtained are as follows : (1) Veneered composite boards made of coir and RPE fulfill the JIS A 5908 standard in term of density, thickness swelling after 2 and 24 hours of water immersions, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture and internal bond, and (2) The coir size did not significantly affect the properties of composite board.
Keywords: veneered composite board, coir size, recycled polyethylen