Journal of Agroindustrial Technology
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Ucapan Terima Kasih Jurnal Teknologi Industri Petanian
No full textUCAPAN TERIMA KASIH Dewan Editor menyampaikan terima kasih Kepada Bapak/Ibu/Sdr, atas kesediannya untuk menelaah nkah yang dimuat pada edisi ini.Adisalamun, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda AcehAni Suryani, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor Chatarina Wariyah, Fakultas Agroindustri, Universitas Mercu Buana YogyakartaDadan Umar Daihani, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, Universitas Trisakti, JakartaDamat, Fakultas Pertanian dan Peternakan, Universitas Muhammadiyah MalangDede Heri Yanto, Pusat Penelitian Biomaterial Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Cibinong BogorErna Rusliana Muhamad Saleh, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Khairun, TernateHasrini Sari, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, Institut Teknologi BandungIrmansyah, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian BogorImas Sukaesih Sitanggang, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian BogorKhaswar Syamsu, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorLiesbetini Haditjaroko, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorMakhmudun Ainuri, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, YogyakartaMeiny Suzery, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro SemarangMira Rivai, Pusat Penelitian Surfaktan dan Bioenergi, Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Institut Pertanian Bogor Muhammad Anang Firmansyah, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Kalimantan Tengah, Palangka RayaNovizar Nazir, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Andalas, PadangNaresworo Nugroho, Fakultas Kehutanan, Institut Pertanian BogorNur Richana, Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pascapanen Pertanian, BogorPurwoko, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorRudy Agus Gemilang Gultom, Universitas Marsekal Suryadharma, JakartaReki Wicaksono Ashadi, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Djuanda, BogorRachman Jaya, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Banda AcehSugiarto, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorSarono, Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Bandar LampungSuprihatin, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorTaufik Djatna, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorTri Haryati, PT. Matahari Kahuripan Indonesia, JakartaTun Tedja Irawadi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian BogorTien R Muchtadi, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian BogorUju, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian BogorZainal Alim Ma’ud, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian Bogo
PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK “BERAS ANALOG” UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENERIMAAN PASAR
Get PDFThe “analog rice” (artificial rice) is a new product that has difficulties to enter the Indonesian market. The aim of this research was to analyze the development of the analog rice to enter the market. The steps were divided into three stages, i.e. to analyze the attributes considered in purchasing rice grain, to analyze the level of satisfaction and dissatisfaction of the analog rice attributes, and to analyze the development priority of the analog rice attributes. The data were collected by interview and survey questionnaire. The data were processed using descriptive analysis, quantitative analysis, category frequency distribution, Kano method, and analysis of quality improvement index. This research resulted in that there were 17 attributes to be considered by respondents in purchasing rice grain. Fragrance was the analog rice attribute that had highest satisfaction effect, cleanliness was the analog rice attribute that had highest dissatisfaction effect, and the large size of grain was the analog rice attribute that had lowest satisfaction and also lowest dissatisfaction. The development priority of the analog rice attributes included good taste, economical price, fragrance, sticky texture, and product consistency after cooking.Keywords: artificial rice, food diversification, Kano method, product developmen
EKSTRAKSI MINYAK DAN RESIN NYAMPLUNG DENGAN CAMPURAN PELARUT HEKSAN-ETANOL
Get PDFCalophyllum seeds are potential to be used as raw material for vegetable oil production due to their high oil content (75.1% db). In addition, Calophyllum seeds contain resin consistingbeneficial phenolic compounds for health. In this study, Calophyllum seeds were extracted using hexane-ethanol mixture to investigate oil and resin yields and their physicochemical properties, and to obtain the best process condition in oil and resin production from Calophyllum seeds. Experiment was carried out using randomized complete design with threefactors, i.e. extraction times (5-7 h), temperatures (40-50°C), and hexane to ethanol ratios (2:4, 3:3 and 4:2). The result of variance analysis showed that extraction time and hexane to ethanol ratio affected significantly on oil and resin yields, density, acid and iod values, whereas temperature influenced only on oil yield, density and acid value. Best oil (58.2%) and resin (16.2%) yields were respectively obtained at 5h extraction time, 50°C temperature and 4:2 hexane to ethanol ratio, and 5hextraction time, 40°C temperature and 2:4 hexane to ethanol ratio. At these optimum conditions, the oil had acid value of 14.89 mg KOH/g, iodine value of 60.75 g iodine/100 g, viscosity (25°C) of 71.46 mPa.s, and density (25°C) of 0.86 g/cm3. On the other hand, the resin had acid value of 133.76 mg KOH/g. Keywords: Calophyllum, extraction, ethanol, hexane, oil, resi
PROSES PEMBUATAN PASTA BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) DAN PENENTUANUMUR SIMPANNYADALAM KEMASAN GELAS
Get PDFShallot is a commodity that is widely used as a spice. The unstable supply and price of shallot causes it requires some further processing. The alternative of shallot processing is shallot paste. The aims of this study wereto develop shallot paste formula which had a strong aromaas well as determination of shelf life in a glass jar. This study has several steps, i.e. preparation and characterization of fresh shallot, processing shallot paste, and determination of shelf life shallot paste in glass jar with the ESS (Extended Storage Studies) method. This main research used completely randomized design with two factors: first, the ratio of fresh shallot and shortening, and second, emulsifier concentration. The ratio of fresh shallot and shortening were 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1 with emulsifier concentration of 2, 3 and 4% for each ratio of fresh shallot and shortening. The statistical analysis showed that the ratio of fresh shallot and shortening affected theFFA (free fatty acid) value. Concentration of emulsifier and interaction between emulsifier concentration and ratio of fresh shallot and shortening affected VRS (volatile reducing substance) content of shallot paste. The best shallot paste treatment determined was the ratio of fresh shallot and shortening of 3:1 with emulsifier concentration of 4%. Shelf-life of packaged shallot paste in glass jar was 10 days at temperature 30, 40 and 50oC. During the storage, FFA value increased and VRS value decreased along with the increase in storage temperature. The increased of FFA value was caused by fat hydrolysis during storage, while the VRS value decreased due to the evaporation of sulfur compounds as flavor components in shallot paste during stir frying. Keywords : shallot paste, emulsifer, shortening, shelf life
MODEL PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DAN PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN UNTUK BAHAN BAKU BIODISEL KELAPA SAWIT: STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN ROKAN HILIR
Get PDFLand use and land use change for palm oil plantation is having both positive and negative influence to the increase of CO2 emission. This research was intended to (1) Analyze land use change in such case of Rokan Hilir district between the year of 2009 and 2011; (2) Measure CO2 emission that produced by land use change for palm oil plantation, and (3) Designing a model of land use and land use change in order to minimize CO2 emission. Land use change was identified using GIS based analysis, while CO2 emission was measured by using IPCC 2006 method. The model of land use change was established through the method of Genetic Algorithm. The result of the research shows that net CO2 emission that produced during the year of 2009 to 2011 in Rokan Hilir district was 0.89 Mt/year. The additional area of 676 Ha for biodiesel feedsctock of palm oil was came from 169 gens of 13x13 matrix where produced negative emission value (carbon sequestration) of 0.067 Mt CO2e/year. This emission can be reduced significantly by changing land use as calculated using the model of land use change that developed is this research, where as the number of emission then will be 0.82 Mt CO2e/year.Keywords: carbon stock, CO2 emission, land use and land use change, palm oil, genetic algorith
PENGGUNAAN PENGADUK STATIK UNTUK PENGURANGAN KEBUTUHAN KATALIS DALAM PRODUKSI BIODIESEL
Get PDFCurrent technology for biodiesel production is a transesterification process of vegetable oil withmetanol in batch system with the help of catalyst. The technology faces many disadvantageous for large scale,such as the requirement for rigorous stirring and purification of the product from the catalyst. Previous studyshowed that utilization of static mixing reactor can enhance the reaction rate and reduce the requirement ofcatalyst and can be operated continuously. The objective of this study was to examine the role of static mixer inreducing the catalyst requirement for the transesterification process of biodiesel production in continuous mode.Palm oleinwas used as feedstock for the transesterification process with 1:6 of mole ratio to metanol at 65oCreaction temperature. Catalyst used for the experiment was KOH with variations of 0.3% and 0.5% to the oil fedinto the reactor and the numbers of static mixer modules were varied (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 modules) to evaluate theireffects to the required catalyst. As expected, the experimental results confirmed a higher conversion of thereactionby the increasing number of the static mixer modules at a specific catalyst percentage. Highestconversions obtained with 5 moduleswere 92.5% (w/w) and 88.9% (w/w), for 0.3% and 0.5% of catalyst,respectively. Analysis to the experimental results showed that 0.1% of catalyst could be replaced by the additionof 0.9 modules of static mixer, which was equivalent to 58.1 cm length ofthe used static mixer configuration.Keywords:continuous mode of transesterification, static mixing module, catalyst reductio
Index Subjek Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian
No full textINDEKS SUBJEKVOLUME 26Acetobacterxylinum 172Aggregate Risk Potential, ARP 89Agroindustri Ayam Ras Pedaging 309Air Kelapa 174Air Terikat-Sekunder 300-Tersier 300Algoritma Genetika 210Ammonium 129Ampas-Akar Wangi 177-Biji Jarak Pagar 216AnaerobikDegradasi- 134Fermentasi 125Analisis-Resiko 93-TitikKritis 31Analytical-Network Process, ANP 257-Hierarchy Process, AHP 200, 228Anti-Bacterial 23-Bakteri 42-Mikroba 304-Oxydant 23Artificial Intelligent, AI 228AsamAngka- 297Gas- 322-Lemak Bebas 71-Lemak Sawit 332Sagu- 111-Stearat1Asphaltene 266Atomic Crystalic Size 179Availability 190Ayam Marinasi 317Bacillus cereus 42Bagas 77Bakteri-Asam Asetat 111-Asam Laktat, BAL 283Biji Pandan Laut 293Bilangan-Asam 243, 336-Ester 74-Penyabunan 73Biochemical Oxygen Demand, BOD 127Biodisel 68, 153, 207, 236, 270, 293Bioenergi 333Bioetanol 143Biogas 134Biomassa 77, 283Biopelet 77Bioreaktor-Aerobik 143-Anaerobik Sinambung 143Bleaching 179C/N 137, 189Cellulose 182Central Composite 146Chemical Oxygen Demand, COD 128Co-Digestion 134Compatibilizer 1Crude Palm Oil, CPO 171,157Crystallinity 182Daging 342-Sapi 41, 342Daya-Saing 9-Serap Air, DSA 221Denaturasi 218Densitas 62, 269, 336Dielectric Constant 25Dietanolamida 60, 104Downtime 190Drimyspiperita 41Edible Coating 300Effective Microorganisms, EM4 136Elongasi 6Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca 53Emulsi 61Stabilitas- 106Emulsifiable Concentrate, EC 60Enkapsulasi 112Eschericia coli 42Esterifikasi 332Ethanol 25EtilAsetat 41Evaporasi 240Extended Shelf Studies, ESS 329External Factor Evaluation, EFE 12Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, FMEA 89Feed Conversion Rate, FCR 316Fenolik 45Film Komposit 1Flavanoid 45Flexural-Modulus 183- Strength 183Fosfat 130Freeze Drying 114Fungsi Fitness 210Fuzzy-failure Model Effect and Critically Analysis, FFMECA32Gelombang Ultrasonik 293Gliserol 332-Ester 334Growth Yield 287Gula1 89-Rafinasi 8
PEMODELAN STATISTICAL CONTROL DETECTION ADAPTIVE (SCDA) UNTUK MONITORING DAN PREDIKSI VOLUME PRODUKSI CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) NASIONAL
Get PDFAchievement of national palm oil industry as a producer and exporter of crude palm oil (CPO) in the world, it is now giving birth insecurity issues. This is because the growth of upstream and downstream industries of national palm oil that has not been balanced, which in turn encourages the national palm oil industry players to be oriented to the export of CPO which eliminates the added value in the country. On the other hand, though bring in foreign exchange for the country, but is prone commodity export orientation encountered a barriers problem in the international market. It is therefore important to provide a means of monitoring, prediction and assessment to facilitate the formulation of policies more about the marketing of national CPO industry. This research proposed the development of a model framework called adaptive threshold statistical control detection adaptive (SCDA) as a means of monitoring, prediction, and assessment of the movement of national CPO production volume. SCDA idea is to determine the dynamic threshold based mapping pattern historical data and predictions from the aspect of the frequency and trends. SCDA model adapted the techniques of statistical process control (SPC), while the values of the predictions generated from the simulation prediction model developed using the techniques of artificial neural network back propagation (ANN-BP) based on historical data of the national CPO production volume. The data used was the average volume of annual national CPO production period 1967 to 2015. The simulation results showed that the prediction model of national CPO production volume in 2016 until 2018 predicted were31.025 million, 32.214 million, and 34.504 million tons, respectively, while the values of maximum and minimum threshold that was formed in the model predictions SCDA for the period 2016-2018 each sequence were 33,322,065 and 29,246,547, respectively. As far as the literature search results, modeling SCDA has never been done in the research included for monitoring and prediction of national production volume of CPO. Therefore, research on the modeling of SCDA was contributing both to the development of knowledge about modeling as well as in the management of the national supply of CPO.Keywords: adaptive threshold, modelling, artificial neural network, palm oi
MODEL KINETIKA PERUBAHAN WARNA LABEL INDIKATOR DARI KLOROFIL DAUN SINGKONG (MANIHOT ESCULENTA CRANTZ)
Get PDFTime Temperature Indicators (TTI) is a smart packaging that important for consumers to know the appropriateness of product through an indicator colour change. Currently, there is no development of the kinetics models at TTI to give information for users about the relationship between colour change indicator and time storage. The objective of this research was to develop a kinetic model of smart label. This label was made from chitosan and PVA were added by chlorophyll extracted from cassava leaves. Indicator label stored at five storage temperatures to check the label performance at temperatures of freezer (-10±2°C), refrigerator (2±3oC), air conditioning (17±2oC), room (25±2oC), and hot temperature (50oC). Parameter was observed in the colour change at the label is the value of ohue which show the real colour.The results showed that label indicator changed colour from green to brown. The changes of colour indicator label wouldldarker when stored at high temperatures.The kinetic model of chlorophyll discolouration was developed by Arrhenius equation using ordo 0 and ordo 1. The plot of ln k value and 1/T has resulted on the equation for kinetic model discolouration label the values of k = 9.22.1010 e -15294,7/T with activation energy of 15.2947 kkal/mol for ordo 0 and k = 1.81.1012 e -19891,9/T with activation energy of 19.8919 kkal/mol for ordo 1. The model could predict the quality change of some product accordance with the kinetic model.Keywords : kinetic model, smart label, chlorophyl
FORMULASI DAN UJI KINERJA ASPHALTENE DISSOLVER DENGAN PENGGUNAAN SURFAKTAN ANIONIK DARI MINYAK SAWIT
Get PDFAsphaltene deposition is a major problem in petroleum industry causing slow production or even operational shutdown for removal of deposits. This research was conducted to obtain the best formulation of asphaltene dissolver to dissolve asphaltene deposits with the use of an palm oil anionic surfactant and to obtain performance information of asphaltene dissolver formula. The tested formulation were methyl ester sulfonate acid (MESA) and methyl ester sulfonate (MES), each with concentrations of 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% in toluene mixed at a temperature of 40°C for 30 minutes. The best asphaltene dissolver produced was MESA 1% in toluene with the lowest interfacial tension (IFT) value of 3.95E-03 dyne/cm and solubility degree of 69.58%. Asphaltene dissolver produced showed a good performance in changing the wettability of rocks with an increase on contact angle of 48,6o to 80,89o, and increase wettability on metal surface with asphaltene release of 99.32% as well as showed good performance on dispersion, desorption and filtration.Keywords : asphaltene, asphaltene dissolver, anionic surfactant, MESA, ME