Journal of Agroindustrial Technology
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ANALISIS RISIKO RANTAI PASOK PESTISIDA PADA PT. AGRICON
Get PDFOne solution to increase agricultural production is to overcome pests and diseases by using pesticides, which has an influence on pesticides’ availability. Therefore, it is necessary to analyse the performance and risks that arise in the pesticide supply chain. This study aimed to identify and analyse supply chain mechanisms and the performance of pesticide supply chain, and to identify and analyse risks of pesticide supply chain. The Van der Vorst method was used to analyse the structure of supply chain networks, supply chain business processes, supply chain management, and supply chain resources. The results of performance measurement using SCOR model showed that there were still around 0.61% of orders that were not fully fulfilled; the order fulfillment cycle time was 12 days; the upside supply chain flexibility matrix was three days; and the upside supply chain adaptability matrix was 11.72%. Based on these results, the performance value of pesticide supply chain was 52.69% and falls into bad (unacceptable) category. These results indicate that there were still performance attributes that were not optimal. There were still lost of opportunities because the company targets were not fulfilled, which had an impact on profit loss. Risk identification using the FMEA-HOR 1 method, from 40 risk events and 24 risk agents, 10 priority of risk agents were obtained that needed to be mitigated so that the pesticides supply chain could run effectively and efficiently.
Keywords : pesticides, supply chain mechanisms, performance, ris
UPAYA MEMPERTAHANKAN UMUR SIMPAN PISANG KEPOK DENGAN KEMASAN AKTIF BERBAHAN ARANG AKTIF CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT
Get PDFKepok bananas are a fruit with a very fast ripening process when stored at room temperature.In this study, kepok bananas were packed with active packaging made from palm kernel shell activated charcoal, which was activated by 20% phosphoric acid in sachets to slow down the ripening process. This study was aimed to analyse the tendency of changes in the physical and chemical properties of kepok banana with active packaging made from palm kernel shell activated charcoal stored at room temperature and to determine the best active packaging that can extend the shelf life of kepok bananas. The old and ready-to-harvest kepok bananas were weighed as much as 350 g and packed with LDPE in the middle as primary packaging and foam net as secondary packaging. The kepok bananas packaging was added with 5 or 10 g of activated charcoal in the sachets packed with LDPE or tea bags. Kepok bananas with active packages were stored at 28 ± 2oC for 16 days and observed every two days in the form of weight loss, edible parts, moisture content, total dissolved solids, reducing sugar content, and total dissolved acid. The data were analyzed by regression order 2, order 3 or order 4 adjusted to the R2 value close to 1. The results showed that during storage the weight loss of kepok banana increased quadratically. The edible part changes followed the order 4 pattern, while the moisture content, total dissolved solids, reducing sugar content, and total dissolved acid followed the order 3 pattern. The best active packaging to extend the shelf life of kepok bananas was kepok bananas with 10 g of active charcoal in LDPE packaging.
Keyword: kepok banana, active packaging, activated charcoal, palm kernel shell, LDP
ANALISIS POTENSI JEJAK KARBON LIMBAH CAIR DAN LISTRIK PADA PROSES PENYAMAKAN KULIT
Get PDFLeather is a product obtained from the conversion process of raw skin/hide into leather. The process generate a number of wastes with a high pollutant content, especially waste water. The waste contributes to the formation of carbon emission. Awareness on environmental sustainability also requires the industry to improve its production system to make it more eco-friendly. Improvements will increase production and the industry reputation. Before making improvements to the production system, it is necessary to carry out an analysis related to the carbon emissions produced in producing a product. The objectives of this study were to calculate carbon emission (carbon footprint) that generates in the leather tannery process and to give alternative strategy for the environmental improvement. The research used primary data and secondary data. This research was carried out with the processes identification, carbon emission sources identification, an analysis of the carbon emission potential amount, and a study of strategies to minimize carbon formation in the tannery. The results of the analysis showed that electricity and wastewater were sources of carbon in the production process of leather. The total of carbon emission formed in the leather tanning process was 1,692.17 kg CO2 eq per batch, where wastewater contributed more than electricity. Further analysis showed that 1 m2 of leather produced 8.08 kg CO2 eq of carbon. The strategies that can be taken to reduce carbon emissions are engineering processes, material substitution, and using eco-friendly materials.
Keywords: carbon footprint, leather, tanner
KARAKTERISASI EDIBLE COATING DARI MODIFIKASI PATI SAGU DENGAN METODA CROSS LINK
Get PDFThis study aims to make edible coating of native sago and modified sago by crosslink method and analyze physicochemical properties. Analysis of swelling power, amylose content, fat content, protein content, degree of substitution, and gelatinization temperature have been performed against native starch and modified starch. Furthermore, the identification of organic compounds on natural starch and modified starch was carried out by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and structural morphology of starch using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Analysis of edible coatings includes mechanical properties, moisture content, and film morphology using SEM. The results showed that the starch modified by crosslink method has physicochemical properties better than the native starch.Keywords :cross link, sago, physicochemical property, modified starch, edible coatin
KARAKTERISTIK SIFAT FISIKOKIMIA NATA DE TARO TALAS BENENG DENGAN PERBEDAAN KONSENTRASI ACETOBACTER XYLINUM DAN SUMBER KARBON
Get PDFThe aim of this research was to characterize nata de taro from Talas Beneng (Xanthosoma undipes K. Koch) with different concentrations of Acetobacter xylinum and carbon source.Grated talas beneng was added 1 liters of water and settled for 24 hours until separated water and starch. The water was boiled, added 5% sucrose, 2% acetat acid, 1% urea, cooled to 25oC than added concentration of Acetobacter xylinum with different level 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. Nata formed on day 13 then analyzed yield, weight, hardness, organoleptic, crude fiber. The study of carbon source used A. xylinum concentration of 15% with each 5% of sucrose, glucose, and fructose than analyzed yield, thickness, dan crude fiber. The results showed that addition A. xylinum had effect characteristic of nata de taro. The higher concentration of A. xylinum tends to produce higher yield, thickness and organoleptic especially and texture and flavour. The addition of 25% concentration of A. xylinum was the highest yield and thickness as 30.98%, and 9.55 mm, then it has crude fiber 4.89% and hardness 0.1 mm/g.s, and organoleptic between 3.05-3,27 (enough preferred). The addition of source of carbon from sucrose was the higheryield and thickness than glucose and fructose as 41,6%, 0.90 cm.Keywords:Acetobacter xylinum, Nata, Talas Benen
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN KEBERLANJUTAN AGROINDUSTRI SAYUR POTONG STUDI KASUS DI PT SAYURAN SIAP SAJI
Get PDFThe development of fresh-cut vegetable agroindustry is a complicated case because it does not just involve production process, but it also involves various sustainability aspects. Therefore, it needs a data analysis method, namely Analytical Network Process Benefits Opportunities Costs Risks (ANP BOCR) by green productivity approach which applies environmentally friendly principle. The research aimed to determine priority strategy for increasing sustainability of fresh-cut vegetabe agroindustry. According to ANP BOCR method, there were four criteria which influence sustainability of fresh-cut vegetable, namely environment, technology, contract farming, and economy. The economy was the most dominant criteria. For increasing the sustainability of fresh-cut vegetable agroindustry, the best strategy was contract farming. It was appropriate with the three most influential subcriteria i.e. the increase of contract farmers’ skill by farmer group, the increase of contract farmers’ use, and the increase of company profit. The application of contract farming strategy is the movement of contract farming area to certain area located near the location of fresh-cut vegetable agroindustry and the accompaniment of contract farmer sustainably. The excellence of this research was the characteristic of strategic effect which means the application of strategy will give some impacts, namely decrease the carbon emission, the cost of transportation, and the defect of vegetable supply. By moving contract farming area to certain area located near the location of fresh-cut vegetable agroindustry,the accompaniment of contract farmer sustainably for increasing the contract farmers’ skill in applying Good Agriculture Practice and Good Handling Practice will run intensively.Keywords: ANP BOCR, fresh-cut vegetables, green productivity, sustainabilit
ANALISIS DAN MITIGASI RISIKO RANTAI PASOK MINYAK PALA KABUPATEN ACEH SELATAN MENGGUNAKAN FMECA
Get PDFNutmeg oil from South Aceh is one of the main commodities in Indonesian essential oils trading. Specially, 70-80% Indonesian nutmeg oil trading origin is from South Aceh. On the other hand, a business risk of nutmeg oil is on collectors district, so these actors to be critical point in nutmeg oil production. The objectives of this research were to determine risk factors and to design risk mitigation in nutmeg oils supply chain on South Aceh. The technique used was Failure Mode and Effective Critically Analysis (FMECA). Data collecting according to expert’s survey and background and qualification of experts were academicians, researcher, and practitioners. Academicians and researchers were PhD holders with 10 years experience in agriculture development, practitioners graduate minimally, practitioners were bachelor degree holders with 15 years experience. The result of the study showed that on farmers, the highest risks were on pest and disease attack and price fluctuation, meanwhile on agro-industry actors, the highest risks were on quality product fulfillment and price fluctuation. To arrange over supply, policy analysis was needed for the establishment of business units initiated by local governments.Keywords: nutmeg oils, South Aceh, FMEC
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH BATANG SAWIT MENJADI PUPUK KOMPOS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN DEKOMPOSER MIKROORGANISME LOKAL (MOL) BONGGOL PISANG
Get PDFOne of the main problem in palm plantations during the rejuvenations is the utilization of palm oil waste especially the palm trunks that reaching 220 m3/hectare. Based on that reason, we need a method of utilizing it that can increase the value from palm oil waste, not just for the benefits of oil palm farmers but also for the environment. Palm oil waste has the potential to become the raw material for making organic fertilizer (compost), it has a high nutrient content and can improve the quality of the fertilizer produced. The objective of this research was to produce a bio-fertilizer with a high quality based on the proper standards. This research was conducted in two stages including the produce of local microorganism (MOL) from banana stem and the composting stage. The composition of local microorganism materials was banana stem: cattle urine: coconut water: brown sugar with the raio of 2: 1: 1: 1. The composting stage was started after all materials were chopped and stirred together before it composted for one month by varying between the main materials and additional ingredients. The compositions of the palm trunks as the main ingredient were divided in five variations, i.e. 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15% (w/w/), this variations were composted together with two types of additional ingredients of POME and goat manure. Based on the results of the compost analysis, the best composition was the variables of palm trunks: pome: rice husk: ash = 3: 10: 2: 1 with the results of analysis were water content of 16.30%, total NPK of 6.08% , c-organic content of 44.10% , the ratio C/N of 16.30 and pH of 8.16 and it had been fitted with bio-fertilizer standard (Permentan No. 70/Permentan/SR. 140/10/2011).Keywords: palm oil replantation, bio fertilizer, palm oil trunks, decomposer, local microorganis
NANOHIDROGEL TAPIOKA MENGGUNAKAN EPIKLOROHIDRIN SEBAGAI AGEN PENGIKAT SILANG
Get PDFNatural polymer-based nanohydrogel, like starches, promises superior properties such as more eco-friendly, and cheaper prices because their raw materials are available naturally in abundant quantities compared to synthetic polymers. To obtain synthetic approaching characteristics, natural polymers need to be modified to improve their mechanical stability. Research has been conducted to develop the hydrogel prepared from acid hydrolysed starch for 2 hours and 24 hours. The process of synthesising nanoparticles from hydrolyzed tapioca starch was done through the precipitation of ethanol. Synthesis of nanohydrogel was conducted by crosslinking methods using epichlorohydrin (Ech.) 5, 10, and 20%. Result showed that the particle size of tapioca nanohydrogel ranging from 14.97 – 492.7 nm. The most optimum treatment was nanohidrogel resulted from 2 hours hydrolyzed tapioca with 5% Ech. concentration, resulting swelling power, gel fraction, and texture of 357.02 %, 77,71 %, and 5.61 mJ, respectively. Nanohydrogel is promising material as carrier matrix for agrochemical as well as fertilizer. Keywords : epichlorohydrin, nanohydrogel, tapioc
OPTIMASI SUHU DAN LAMA FERMENTASI TEPUNG KACANG NAGARA (Vigna Unguiculata ssp. Cylindrica) MENGGUNAKAN Lactobacillus plantarum DENGAN RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY (RSM)
Get PDFNagara bean (Vigna Unguiculata ssp. Cylindrica)is local food ingredients that has the potential to be developed for food diversification because it predominantly contains carbohydrates (50-60%) and protein (20-25%). Previous research showed that fermentation of nagara bean with Lactobacillus plantarum at room temperature can improve the characteristic of nagara bean flour.The research was aimed to optimize the temperature and fermentation duration of nagara bean byL. plantarum for modification of nagara bean flour using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method. Fermentation using L. plantarum bacteria as much as 1% (v /v) on nagara bean grits using a ratio of nagara bean and soaking water = 1: 4.The research factor used was periods and soaking temperature with each center point 48 hours and 37 °C respectively. The result of research showed that the optimumtemperature and fermentation durationswere 39.140C and 49.71 hours with the result in water absorption index (IPA) of 2.03, swelling power of 5.13 g/g and protein content of 25.60% while factor (treatment) temperature and fermentation duration did not give significant effect to density, insoluble solid, moisture content, ash content, fat content and carbohydrate content.Keywords: Nagara bean, fermentation, Lactobacillus plantarum, Response Surface Methodolog