Journal of Agroindustrial Technology
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STRATEGI DISEMINASI ASURANSI USAHA TERNAK SAPI/KERBAU KEPADA PETERNAK DI PROVINSI ACEH
Get PDFCattle/buffalo business insurance (AUTS/K) is a government program to mitigate livestock businesses\u27risks, especially cattle and buffalo. For the participation and involvement of farmers in this program, it is necessaryto have a good dissemination process to be widely known, understood, and followed by the livestock businesscommunity throughout Indonesia. This study aimed to design a dissemination strategy for the AUTS/K using theSoft Systems Methodology (SSM) approach. This research was expected to produce a conceptual model of theAUTS/K dissemination so that the dissemination of information is comprehensive and evenly distributed to eacharea so that it can be accepted and applied by farmers. The AUTS/K dissemination strategy is a strategic plan togenerate innovation and creativity in disseminating information to farmers by utilizing various media. The resultsof the study will provide recommendations for AUTS/K dissemination strategies to improve and develop livestockinsurance by involving the government, religious and community leaders, insurance companies, extension agentsand field officers, universities and research institutions, as well as the use of advertising agencies and technologymedia in disseminating information to farmers in Aceh Province. In addition, the SSM approach can describeproblems well and form a conceptual for the dissemination model of AUTS/K in Aceh Province.Keywords: conceptual model, rich picture, soft systems methodology, livestock insurance, disseminatio
POTENSI MINYAK MIKROALGA DAN KHAMIR SEBAGAI SUMBER ASAM LEMAK ESENSIAL
Get PDFEdible oils as essential fatty acids sources, such as linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, anddocosahexaenoic acid, are commonly extracted from plants and seafoods, particularly fish. The productionof fishoil has several drawbacks, including overfishing issues, mercury contamination, and unpleasant smell of fish. Oilproduction from plants requires extensive land used, long harvest time, and high operational costs. Single-cell oilsfrom microorganisms are the solution to overcome these problems. Therefore, this study aimed to explore thepotential of microorganisms, i.e. microalga and yeast, which had previously been isolated from mangrove forestsin Aceh Province, Indonesia, as sources of essential fatty acids. Two types of microorganisms used wereThraustochytrium multirudimentale and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The results showed that the highest amountof oil was extracted from yeast (17.04 ± 0.78 mg/g), while microoalga produced 4.50 ± 0.49 mg/g only. Based oncorrelation analysis, the optical density (OD) and biomass, had good correlation with r = 0.990. The spectra ofFT-IR analysis from microalga and yeast oils proved that both contained C=O groups which identified as estersof fatty acids and C=C groups identified as unsaturated fatty acids. Thraustochytrium multirudimentale andRhodotorula mucilaginosa are potential as single-cell oil sources containing essential fatty acids.Keywords: essential oil, fatty acids, microalgae, omega-3, single-cell oil, yeas
A MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING APPROACH USING AHP FOR PUDAK PACKAGING SUPPLIER SELECTION
Get PDFPemilihan pemasok merupakan salah satu hal krusial dalam kegiatan rantai pasok. Pentingnya pemilihan pemasok sangat berpengaruh pada kualitas dan ketersediaan suatu produk. Pemasok kemasan pudak dalam memenuhi kebutuhan kemasan pudak belum optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan pemilihan pemasok yang berbasis Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). MCDM yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Peran AHP pada penelitian ini yaitu menentukan pemasok terbaik yang ada di Industri Pudak Gresik. Penentuan pemasok terbaik berdasarkan pada kinerja tiap pemasok. Ada 4 pemasok yang bekerja sama dengan industri pudak. Penelitian ini menggunakan kriteria berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan pemangku kepentingan di industry pudak Gresik. Kriteria terdiri dari harga, kualitas, pengiriman, dan pelayanan. Penyelesaian menggunakan metode AHP terhadap 4 pemasok telah mendapatkan nilai ranking pada masing-masing pemasok. Pemasok A merupakan prioritas pemasok terbaik dengan nilai tertinggi yaitu 0,379. Analisis sesnsitivitas menghasilkan nilai peringkat dari pemasok konsisten walaupun dilakukan perubahan bobot pada kriteria secara upward change maupun downward change. Penelitian ini mampu menentukan supplier terbaik dan meningkatkan kinerja pemasok di masa yang akan datang. Kata kunci : analisis sensitivitas, analytical hierarchy process (AHP), Multi-Criteria Decision Making, pemilihan pemaso
KARAKTERISTIK FISIK DAN SENSORIS SALAD DRESSING DARI TEPUNG DAN PATI GANYONG TERMODIFIKASI KIMIA
Get PDFSalad dressing is a type of food that is usually used as a complementary ingredient (sauce) for salads belonging to the emulsion dressing group. Phase separation often occurs during emulsion storage, the stabilizing agent plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the emulsion in salad dressing products. The presence of starch in salad dressings serves as a gelling agent, binder, thickener, emulsifier, and stabilizer. The use of canna tubers in Indonesia is still limited. Canna flour and starch can be modified to develop the desired functional properties. Based on the potential application of modified starch, it is necessary to modify flour and canna starch so that it can be used as a stabilizing agent. The objective of this study was to determine the physical and sensory characteristics of salad dressing from acetylated and crosslinking modified canna flour and starch. The results showed that the application of chemically modified canna flour and starch as a stabilizing agent affected the physical and sensory characteristics of the resulting salad dressing. Modification of acetylation and crosslinking was able to maintain the pH value and emulsion stability during 30 days of storage. Modified canna flour and starch can improve the appearance of the resulting salad dressing. The panelists\u27 preference value was highest on salad dressing samples that used acetylated canna starch as a stabilizing agent. Modification of canna starch by crosslinking and acetylation can be applied as a stabilizing agent in salad dressings.
Keywords: acetylation, crosslinking, canna, salad dressing, stabilizing agen
MODEL PERENCANAAN DAN PENGENDALIAN PRODUKSI DI INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN BUAH CARICA (CARICA PUBESCENS)
Get PDFThe competition in the carica fruit processing industry is increasing, so that efforts are needed to increase production efficiency through good production planning and control (PPC). CV XYZ is one of the carica fruit processing companies which has PPC problems. PPC activities done intuitively and not systematically causing a decision in PPC is ineffective and production process is inefficient. Those problems can be resolved by developing a PPC model in accordance with CV XYZ’s business process. So, this research objective was to develop a PPC model at CV XYZ. The model consisted of four sub-models which were related to each other. The first sub-model was Sub-model of Demand Forecasting and the second sub-model was Sub-model of Carica Fruit Availability Forecasting. Those two sub-models used the Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). The third sub-model was Sub-model of Production and Packaging Planning using Integer Linear Programming (ILP). The fourth sub-model was Sub-model of Carica Fruit Inventory Control using Material Requirement Planning (MRP). PPC model can clarify the PPC system at CV XYZ and produce optimal plans. PPC model improves efficiency of total production cost up to 39.86% and total inventory cost up to 27.56%.
Keywords: carica industry, model, optimal, production planning and contro
ANALISIS KEBERLANJUTAN RANTAI PASOK APEL DI KABUPATEN MALANG MENGGUNAKAN DINAMIKA SISTEM
Get PDFApple production as a typical fruit of Malang Regency has decreased due to land degradation, land conversion, climate change, and old tree age. This can disrupt the apple supply chain sutainability in Malang Regency. This study aimed to produce simulations of several scenarios for the sustainable apple supply chain development and provide policy recommendations for the apple supply chain sustainability in Malang Regency. The model made consisted of 3 sub models, i.e. economic, social, and environmental. The respondents were 53 farmers, 3 collectors, and 20 retailers. The parameters measured were the profit of farmer, collectors, and retailers, employment, and the area of degraded land. Simulations were carried out in 3 scenarios from 2020 to 2030, i.e. the original conditions (scenario 1), controlling land (scenario 2), and increasing productivity and controlling land simultaneously (scenario 3). The best parameter values were obtained from the scenario 3 simulation results, i.e. adding land by 1.15%/year, reducing the conversion rate to 2.93%, and increasing productivity by 5%/year. This scenario showed that in 2030 yields 4,905,656 kg of apples with profits of farmer, collectors, and retailers were Rp 26,374,922,326, Rp 31,597,327,651, and Rp 27,996,576,448, respectively, employment of 22,349 people/hectare, and a degraded land area of 11.7 hectares. The scenario 3 implementation can reduce the decline in apple land area and productivity over the next 10 years. Policies that can be implemented include providing training and incentives for farmers, strengthening policies on apple commodities, restoring soil, and transitioning to organic farming.Keywords: apple, supply chain, sustainability, system dynamic
DESAIN BIOFLOKULAN GELATIN TULANG IKAN LELE (CLARIAS BATRACHUS) UNTUK PENJERNIHAN AIR
Get PDFCoagulation-flocculation wastewater treatment is widely used because the process is simple to facilitate the sedimentation process. The coagulation-flocculation process aims to alter very small colloidal particles (smaller than 10-3) into larger particles using synthetic or natural materials. The synthetic material is preferred because it does not need to adjust the pH of the media; only small quantities required (from 1-5 ppm), the floc formed is larger, stronger, and has better settling properties. However, it has many shortcomings, including nonbiodegradable, neurotoxic, and carcinogenic properties. Gelatin can be used as an alternative bioflocculant because it has a dual function in the coagulation and flocculation processes. The gelatin production is obtained by utilizing the bone waste of catfish (Clarias batrachus) using the acid method. This study aimed to design gelatin flocculant from catfish bone waste by specifying the intended characteristics such as pH, molecular weight (Mv), non-toxic, and insoluble in neutral pH and determining the effectiveness in purifying water. The method coveredthe production of gelatin using the acid method, determining the properties of gelatin flocculants, performing test of the effectiveness for water purification using the jar test, and calculate the cost. The results showed that gelatin flocculant met the criteria for flocculants with a pH of 5.2, Mv value of 302.648 g/mol, and non-toxic insoluble in neutral pH. The jar test results showed that the administration of a gelatin flocculant dose of 40 mg/L at pH 5.5 was able to reduce the turbidity of the artificial waste from 100 NTU to 28 NTU with a turbidity removal value of 72% with estimated cost of treatment of Rp 4,000 /m3.Keywords: catfish bone waste, flocculation, gelatin flocculant, jar test, molecular weigh
BUSINESS MODEL ANALYSIS OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF RICE HUSKS-BASED SILICA BY BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS APPROACH
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bisnis model agroindustri silika dari sekam padi dengan pendekatan Bisnis Model Kanvas. Sekam padi diproses menjadi silika dilakukan melalui proses pembakaran dengan suhu tinggi. Arang sekam padi mengandung sekitar 72,1% silikon oksida dan meningkat menjadi 94,95% setelah dibakar pada 700 oC selama 6 jam, sedangkan abu sekam kering mengandung silikon oksida sekitar 80% - 90%. Arang dan abu sekam padi dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif sumber silika dan silikon. Hasil penelitian ini memiliki prospek untuk mengembangkan agroindustri silika berbasis sekam padi sebagai alternatif bahan baku terbarukan. Metode yang digunakan untuk membangun model bisnis adalah Business Model Canvas (BMC). Business Model Canvas adalah metode visual menggambarkan bagaimana suatu perusahaan membuat dan melakukan bisnis. Visualisasi dengan kanvas lebih komunikatif, hal ini akan mendeskripsikan model bisnis secarasederhana untuk dimengerti. BMC diuraikan dalam sembilan komponen yaitu Customer Segment, CustomerRelationship, Customer Channel, Revenue Stream, Value Proposition, Key Activities, Key Resource, Cost Structure, dan Key Partners. BMC perlu dilakukan sebagai acuan untuk mengisi kanvas model bisnis pengembangan agroindustri silika, tidak hanya berkaitan dengan manfaat atau keuntungan tetapi juga cara organisasi menciptakan, menyampaikan, dan menangkap nilai secara rasional. Silika yang dihasilkan dari proses pirolisis dalam skala medium memiliki kemurnian yang tinggi. Proses produksi silika berbahan dasar sekam padi memiliki potensi yang baik untuk dikembangkan menjadi agroindustri silika sebagai bahan baku alternatif terbarukan.Kata kunci: business model canvas (BMC), rice husks-based silic
OPTIMASI PROSES EKSTRAKSI MINYAK DAN RESIN NYAMPUNG DENGAN PELARUT BINER MENGGUNAKAN RESPONSE SURFACE METHOD
Get PDFCalophyllum seeds are potential to be used as raw material for vegetable oil production due to their high oil content. In addition, Calophyllum seeds contain resin consisting of beneficial phenolic compounds for health. The objective of this research was to optimize the oil and resin extraction from Calophyllum seeds on a pilot scale using binary solvent. The analyses of temperature, extraction time and stirring speed effects on the oil and resin yields were carried out using the central composite design, and the variables were optimized using the response surface method. The result of oil yield optimization showed that the best model was the quadratic model. The optimum oil yield (59%) was obtained at temperature of 49.4 oC, extraction time of 5.3 h, and stirring speed of 385 rpm. The result of resin yield optimization showed that the best model was the mean model with average value of 15% for all extraction conditions tested. Model validation at this extraction condition resulted actual oil (60%) and resin (13%) yields conformed passably to their prediction. In addition, the oil and resin obtained from this model validation had good characteristics, and matched the predicted results.
Keywords: binary extraction, Calophyllum, oil, optimization, resin, response surface metho
PENINGKATAN SERAT PANGAN LARUT DARI AMPAS TAHU DAN SIFAT FUNGSIONALNYA DENGAN PERLAKUAN FISIK: TINJAUAN LITERATUR
Get PDFTofu processing leaves by-product in the form of tofu dregs whose the utilization as food is still limited. Tofu dregs contain higher insoluble dietary fibre (IDF) than the soluble dietary fibre (SDF). SDF components have wider range of health benefits, and they tend to contribute better to food processing. This study aimed to analyse the potential of physical treatment to increase in SDF tofu dregs, examine changes in its functional properties, and determine the potential physical treatment applied in Indonesia based on the SDF profile. Research data from scientific literature namely research journals, master theses, undergraduate theses, and scientific reviews were collected and analyzed descriptively. The results of descriptive analysis of the literature showed that the physical treatments identified were combination of HHP and autoclave, steam explosion, combination of single screw extrusion and alkaline solution, double screw extrusion, BEP double screw extrusion, and autoclaving. Physical treatment on all instruments can increase the SDF content of tofu dregs. The water retention capacity (WRC) and swelling capacity of tofu dregs increased after being treated with combination of HHP and autoclave, double screw extrusion, and BEP double screw extrusion. The oil holding capacity (OHC) increased after being treated with combination of HHP and autoclave, and double screw extrusion, but the WRC and OHC decreased in the steam explosion treatment. The solubility of tofu dregs increased after being given steam explosion and autoclave. Changes in the functional characteristics of tofu dregs expand their potential for use in specific processed foods.
Keywords: tofu dregs, physical modification, soluble dietary fiber, food processin