Journal of Agroindustrial Technology
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MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR BIOENERGY SUPPLY CHAIN DISTRIBUTION
No full textDetermining optimal distribution routes in managing efficient transportation distances is a challenge in the bioenergy supply chain. Adequate distribution arrangements can improve distribution in the bioenergy supply chain. Optimizing distribution arrangements can help reduce transportation costs, avoid delays, and improve distribution efficiency. The optimal distribution strategy must consider choosing routes that minimize distribution distances from agricultural centres to power plants. This study aimed to determine the location of collection points and optimal distribution routes in the distribution of the bioenergy supply chain. Centre of gravity (COG) method for locating collection centres. Determination of optimal distribution routes with a combination of ME-MCDM and spatial Dijkstra approaches. The results showed that the centre point at -60.53\u2742.6" S and 105.035\u2770.8" E is the biomass collection area for suitable bioenergy. Our proposed method of spatial combination of Dijkstra and multicriteria decision making (ME-MCDM) based on Expert considerations on a more logical bioenergy optimal distribution solution, taking into account sustainability, has TAV 1700,74 with P (V1, V5) = (V1, V2, V4, V5). Managerial Implications for Bioenergy-Producing Companies and Policy Stakeholders From operational efficiency to reducing carbon emissions, this model can help companies better manage their bioenergy distribution and contribute to business sustainability.
Keywords: bioenergy distribution, Centre of Gravity (COG), model optimisation, ME-MCDM Spatial Dijkstr
ENHANCHING MENTORSHIP FOR SMALL FOOD BUSINESS: ROLE OF INTERACTION FREQUENCY ON ENTREPRENEURIAL EFFORT AND COMMITMENT
No full textSmall food businesses often face challenges due to limited resources and capacity, making it difficult to maintain consistent effort and achieve long-term goals. Effective mentorship has emerged as a crucial solution. Small food businesses often face challenges due to limited resources and capacity, making it difficult to maintain consistent effort and achieve long-term goals. Effective mentorship has emerged as a crucial solution. This research examined the direct impact of interaction frequency on entrepreneurial effort and its influence on task completion and venture goal commitment within the context of small food businesses. The study also considers the moderating roles of mentor attitude, entrepreneurial experience, and business profile. Data were collected from 111 small food industry owners in Indonesia using the Experience Sampling Methodology through longitudinal diary studies. The findings demonstrate that frequent mentor-mentee interactions significantly enhance entrepreneurial effort, leading to improved task completion. However, effort did not have a significant direct effect on venture goal commitment. This might be attributed to factors such as perceived steady progress and the entrepreneur\u27s belief in achieving the goals. Moderation analysis reveals that entrepreneurial experience and business profile significantly moderate the relationship between interaction frequency and effort, while mentor attitude does not. These findings highlight the importance of maximising interaction frequency with mentors to improve business performance. Mentorship programs should be tailored to the entrepreneur\u27s experience level and the business\u27s profile. Instead of a one-size-fits-all approach, mentorship formats and materials should be adjusted based on the business\u27s developmental stage.
Keywords: mentor-mentee interaction frequency, entrepreneurial effort, small food businesses, mentorship
USED TIRE ECOSYSTEM FOR THE RECLAIMED RUBBER INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT AT PT BRIDGESTONE TIRE INDONESIA
No full textManaging end-of-life tyres (ELTs) has become an urgent global issue because tyres are difficult to decompose naturally and take more than 50 years to break down. In the Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi) area, ELT generation is estimated at 2.5–3 million units annually, with the most significant contributions from Karawang (1,000 units per month) and Bogor (820 units per month). Bias-ply used tires, which contain up to 70% rubber, have significant potential for recycling into raw materials for new tires through reclaimed rubber technology, aligning with the principles of a circular economy. This study aims to map the supply chain ecosystem of ELTs, identify key stakeholders, and optimise material flow to support the development of the rubber industry from reclaimed materials. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method. The number of research locations was determined using the Solvin method with an error rate of 25%. Observations were performed at 15 specific tire shops, two truck tire shops, three fleets, and three used tire collectors in the Jabodetabek and West Java areas. The findings indicate that the total estimated number of ELTs collected in Jabodetabek from tire stores, truck tires, fleets, and collectors reaches 2,860 monthly units. The main challenges in ELT management include limited storage facilities, low awareness of the economic value of waste, and a predominantly conventional management system. The study also reveals that only 20% of ELTs are utilised optimally, highlighting a significant untapped potential.
Keywords: used tires, reclaimed rubber, supply chain, circular econom
STUDY OF GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL IMPACT FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT USING BIOCONVERSION OF BLACK SOLDIER FLY (Hermetia illucens): CASE STUDY DEPOK CITY
Full text linkThis research comprehensively investigated the global warming potential impact of the municipal solid waste management system using bioconversion of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens). For this purpose, the life cycle assessment methodology was applied to evaluate the global warming potential over a 100-year horizon (GWP100) for the system used by XYZ Ltd. Depok City, identify emission sources and analyze alternative strategies to mitigate environmental impacts. Data collection for this study was conducted at XYZ Ltd. in Depok City, West Java Province, between May and June 2022. This case study focused on a cradle-to-gate analysis with a functional unit of 1 ton of municipal solid waste. The impact assessment results showed that GWP100 impact from bioconversion of municipal solid waste was 3.69E+02 kg CO2 eq. Solid waste disposed through open dumping was a dominant contributor of these emissions (2.57E+02 kg CO2 eq). The GHG emissions that were the primary source of these impacts are CH4 (2.47E+02 kg CO2 eq) and CO2 (1.19E+02 kg CO2 eq). Ultimately, the improvement scenarios recommended in this study are the pretreatment of municipal solid waste, substituting photovoltaic electricity use, choosing priority clients with the closest distance, and substituting biocomposite packaging. Implementing these measures will reduce the GWP100 impact by 56.02%.
Keywords: BSF bioconversion; global warming potential; Hermetia illucens; LCA; Municipal solid waste
 
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AND RISK MITIGATION OF PINEAPPLE SUPPLY CHAIN IN CENTRAL KALIMANTAN PROVINCE
Full text linkPineapple farmers and agro-processing businesses in Kapuas and Pulang Pisau face several risk. One significant risk is the lack of clarity regarding existing supply chain structures and performance, resulting in operational inefficiencies. This study aimed to identify and measure the performance of the pineapple agroindustry supply chain, analyze potential risks within the supply chain, and evaluate risk mitigation actions in the pineapple agroindustry located in Kapuas Regency and Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan. The method used to analyze supply chain performance was the SCOR-AHP (Supply Chain Operations Reference-Analytic Hierarchy Process) method, while risk analysis was conducted using the HOR (House of Risk) method. The results showed that the highest supply chain performance score was attributed to the distributor, with a total score of 72.89, categorized as "good." Conversely, the lowest performance was seen among farmers, with a score of 42.55, classified as "marginal." The highest risk for farmers was the low selling price of pineapples, for collectors was price fluctuations, and for pineapple SMEs was inaccurate production planning and scheduling. The prioritized risk mitigation actions for farmers included optimizing the implementation of proper SOPs (Standard Operating Procedure) for pineapple cultivation and post-harvest processes, for collectors was the establishment of standards and agreements with farmers regarding pineapple quality, while the industry focuses on planning, optimizing, monitoring, and periodically evaluating the production process. Additionally, distributors should enhance the marketing reach of the products.
Keywords: HOR, performance of supply chain, pineapple, risks, SCOR-AH
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF GRANULATED COCONUT SUGAR PRODUCTION FARMERS LEVEL IN PURWOREJO
Full text linkGranulated coconut sugar is a powdered coconut sugar manufactured by Purworejo farmers from the sap of the coconut. Farmers\u27 usage of simple technologies is the primary cause of environmental problems due to poor efficiency levels and uncontrolled emission emissions. The objectives of this research were to identify the stages of the granulated coconut sugar production farmer level process, from coconut sap to farmers\u27 granulated coconut sugar, and then analyze the total environmental impact of granulated coconut sugar production farmer level process using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach and the CML-IA Baseline calculation method. The study\u27s scope included an inventory of "gate-to-gate" inputs and outputs, computation of each stage of the process from sap heating to granulated coconut sugar, and interpretation of the calculation results. The amount of impact created per 1 kg of farmer-produced coconut sugar was employed as the unit of function in the analysis of the consequent environmental impact. SimaPro 9.4.0.2 software was used to calculate environmental impact analysis. The GWP impact of manufacturing 1 kilogram of farmer granulated coconut sugar was 4.76E-02 kg CO2 eq, the AP impact was 9.45E-04 kg SO2 eq, and the EP impact was 2.77E-04 kg PO4 eq. The biggest GWP effect contribution indicator was the use of LPG, which was 2.89E-02 kg CO2 eq, while the largest AP and EP impact contribution indicator was the use of firewood, which was 8.16E-04 kg SO2 eq and 2.12E-04 kg PO4 eq. The improvement scenario of the granulated coconut sugar production farmer level process, namely substituting the use of firewood with rice husks, reduces 85% of the total AP impact and reduces 93% of the total EP impact.
Keywords: environmental impact, granulated coconut sugar, life cycle assessment, SimaPr
DESIGN SUPPLY CHAIN RISK MANAGEMENT USING HOUSE OF RISK (HOR) METHOD AT IBUNMANIS COKLAT MSMES
No full textUMKM Ibunmanis Coklat adalah sebuah bisnis dalam industri makanan yang memproduksi cokelat batang dan cokelat isi, termasuk dalam kategori Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM). Selama satu tahun, UMKM ini mengalami total loss supply sebesar 33% dari target permintaan yang diharapkan. Terdapat 51 kejadian keterlambatan bahan baku utama dalam setahun, sementara bahan baku penunjang mengalami sembilan kali keterlambatan, dan bahan kemasan sekali. Permasalahan dalam pasokan ini menyebabkan loss production sebanyak 10 kali dalam setahun. Tiga isu utama yang dihadapi adalah ketidakpastian pemesanan, keterlambatan bahan baku, dan cacat dalam proses produksi. Untuk memperbaiki kinerja rantai pasok, UMKM Ibunmanis Coklat melakukan analisis risiko rantai pasok menggunakan model SCOR 12.0 yang mengidentifikasi 24 risk event dan 29 risk agent. Berdasarkan analisis model HOR 1 dan pareto, 80% risk agent prioritas diidentifikasi dan membutuhkan mitigasi untuk mengurangi 20% penyebab risiko. Dengan model HOR 2, ditetapkan strategi mitigasi prioritas yang melibatkan integrasi perencanaan dan penjadwalan. Risiko tersebut dikelola dengan menggunakan indikator kinerja yang diukur dengan snorm de boer, serta visualisasi historis untuk memantau dampaknya.
Keywords: house of risk, manajemen risiko, mitigasi risiko rantai pasok, SCO
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF MICRO SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMES) FOR BILIH FISH PRODUCTS IN SOLOK REGENCY, WEST SUMATERA
No full textBilih fish is a freshwater fish endemic at Lake Singkarak, West Sumatra, and can be processed to increase this added value. The development of the fishery industry provides significant economic benefits and contributes to environmental impacts. This research aimed to assess the life cycle of crispy balado bilih fish products from Tujuh Muaro (TM) micro-enterprise and regular fried bilih fish products from Tabiang Biduak Lestari (TB) microenterprise using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The scope of this study is cradle-to-grave, covering bilih fish fishing, transportation of raw materials and packaging, production processes, and distribution, with a functional unit of 100 g/package of bilih fish product. The impact analysis was conducted using SimaPro software, based on the CML 2001-IA baseline method for impact categories, including Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification (AP), and Eutrophication (EP). The micro-enterprises generated GWP impacts with normalised values of TM 6.51E-14 and TB 1.28E-14, AP 3.86E-14 and 1.19E-14, EP 5.81E-13, and 7.96E-14 person equivalents, respectively. Improvement scenarios at the production unit were carried out by substituting frying methods to reduce cooking oil usage, which lowered impacts with GWP reductions of 84.85% (TM) and 51.93% (TB), and AP reductions of 52.63% and 17.86%, EP reductions of 96.08% and 81.35%. In the transportation unit, selecting packaging suppliers closer to TM reduced impacts by 94.22% for GWP, 94.23% for AP, and 94.25% for EP. Utilising waste oil as biodiesel further reduced GWP impacts by 90.48% (TM) and 82.87% (TB), AP by 97.50%, and 94.78%, EP by 98.80%, and 98.14% respectively.
Keywords: bilih fish, environmental impact, LC
DESIGNING AN INSTITUTIONAL MODEL FOR THE SUNFLOWER AGRO- INDUSTRY SUPPLY CHAIN
Full text linkThis research aimed to design an institutional model and information system to improve the sustainability of the sunflower agro-industry supply chain in Indonesia. The sunflower agro-industry has great potential, but it is hampered by the lack of an optimal institutional structure. This causes the competitiveness and sustainability of the sunflower agro-industry supply chain to be low. Focusing on the sunflower agro-industry in Bandung Regency and its surroundings, this research used a systems approach to analyze the situational conditions and needs of the sunflower agro-industry. Then, the institutional model was designed using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method. Furthermore, the institutional information system model was designed to support institutional operations using the design system approach. The analysis and design of this information system was limited to the design of the graphical user interface, not to the design of the database. The research results show that the situational condition of the sunflower agro-industry was not yet optimal and requires an institutional design that can improve the sustainability and competitiveness of the agro-industry supply chain. Based on the result using ISM, a proposed institutional model was designed. In addition, a design model for a supporting information system was also designed that would support operations in the institutional program. This research is expected to provide contributions to companies with output given in the form of a proposed institutional model design and the basis for creating an institutional information support system. Research can be continued and developed in more depth and can be implemented optimally.
Keywords : institutional model, information system, sunflower agro-industry, sustainability, supply chai
PRODUCT DEMAND FORECASTING: A SOLUTION TO DETERMINE RAW MATERIAL NEEDS FOR COCONUT OIL AGROINDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT
Full text linkIndonesia is the world’s largest coconut producer, with Indragiri Hilir being one of its major coconut-producing regencies. Despite the extensive coconut plantations in the region, the development of the coconut agroindustry remains underdeveloped. Coconut oil, a high-demand product in international markets, represents a significant opportunity for agroindustrial growth. Effective agroindustrial development requires accurate determination of raw material needs to plan production capacity and ensure efficient operation. Forecasting demand is a critical first step in this process, as it can enhance efficiency, reduce unnecessary raw material stockpiling, and minimise waste. This study aimed to forecast the demand for coconut oil, which is a crucial step for determining raw material requirements in the development of the coconut oil agroindustry. The research integrated ARIMA and mass balance methods. The findings indicated that coconut oil demand was projected to reach 556,749 tons per year from 2025 to 2030, with a corresponding raw material requirement of 4,259,130 tons per year. This study provides valuable insights for both farmer and agroindustry stakeholders in advancing the development of the coconut oil agroindustry.
Keywords: agroindustry development, coconut oil, demand forecasting, raw materia