ILMU USHULUDDIN
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RETHINKING HAMZAH FANSURI\u27S ISLAMIC COSMOLOGY
No full textThis study aims to explain further the cosmological argument of Hamzah Fansuri. This research is library research using a historical approach to obtain data and conduct content analysis. According to Hamzah Fansuri, every single thing in this world that either can or cannot be seen can be pictured as a circle or curvature, the two corners of which can meet each other. Half of the curvature is “the down way curvature” (tanazzul) that is the way of the creation of the universe and its content; the manifestation process from the Oneness or the Higher Existence (Who cannot be known physically) to become many existence or the reality that can be seen physically. The other curvature is “the up-way curvature” (taraqqī), which is a way of creation from physical to metaphysical existence. The entire levels or structure of being are summarized in the person and the human being’s existence as a perfect creature of physical and spiritual quality. Therefore, the universe can only be returned to the One through humans. The concept of cosmology in the Fansuri’s thought is to show the unity and interrelationship of all existence that leads to divine oneness
THE MYSTERY OF THE DROWNING OF KAN‘ĀN, THE SON OF NŪḤ: CRITICISM OF SHAHRUR’S THOUGHT
No full textMuḥammad Shahrur is a Muslim thinker who has many controversial works. This article describes Shahrur’s thoughts about Kan‘ān during the flash flood tragedy at the time of Prophet Nūḥ. He made a study using intertextual theory. He thought that Kanān’s drowning during the flood was because he was not the biological child of the Prophet Nūḥ, but the son of his wife’s adultery with another man without Prophet Nūḥ’s awareness. This article found Shahrur’s misinterpretation of the personality of Kan‘ān because in interpreting the verses of the Quran about the story of the family of Prophet Nūḥ, he prioritizes the intertextual’s approach with modern sciences, such as semiotics and hermeneutics, and ignores credible interpretation methods such as those are used by the scholars of interpretation, both classic and modern. Besides that, this article is a literature study that compares Shahrur’s interpretation with classical and modern scholars of interpretation
GADAMER’S HERMENEUTICAL THOUGHT AND HABERMAS’S CRITIQUE
No full textAs long as humans always try to understand the deepest meaning of a text, symbol, or event, hermeneutics is a common activity. However, the gap between the creation of texts, symbols or events has created its own problems that must be solved. The problem is, should an attempt at interpretation of a text, symbol or event achieve its objective status in the sense intended by the author or writer, or not? Hermeneutic thinkers differ in solving this problem. Unlike Friedrich Schleiermacher and Wilhelm Dilthey who emphasized the importance of revealing the author’s original intent, Hans-Georg Gadamer emphasized the importance of the subjective dimension of the interpreter. In Gadamer’s thought, prejudice and cultural influences in interpreting a text, symbol or phenomenon are also considered as one of the horizons. Dialectic and horizon fusion in itself will be an internal mechanism to reduce the dominance of prejudice or subjectivity that cannot be accounted for. By paying close attention to Jurgen Habermas’s note that hermeneutics overemphasize the aspects of prejudice and cultural influences will only provide opportunities for certain communication distortions and cultural hegemony, Gadamer’s contribution can still be maintained as a human hermeneutical activity
MAP OF STUDY OF THE QURAN IN THE POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM OF UIN JAKARTA AND UIN YOGYAKARTA PERIOD OF 2005-2012
No full textThis article is the result of a study that discusses the map of the study of Quran, which is represented by dissertations written by the Postgraduate programs of UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta and UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta for the period of 2005-2012. This article shows the disproportionate phenomenon between the number of dissertations written in the study of Quran and the quality of the results. It is proven from the slow development of the study of Quran. Qualitatively, there has been no significant development, both in the title and content of the dissertation. It is found that many titles and objects of study are similar between one UIN (State Islamic University) and another UIN or IAIN (State Islamic College). The majority of dissertations still discuss Islamic and humanitarian issues in general, but do not relate them to Indonesian problems. This article uses discourse content analysis
MYSTICAL DISCOURSE IN JAVA IN THE 18TH CENTURY NARRATED BY THE BOOK OF CABOLEK
No full textThis article discusses the discourse of Sufism in the 18th century in Java as narrated by Serat Cabolek by Kiai Yasadipura I (1729-1803). This manuscript tells about the trial of Kiai Ahmad Mutamakin in front of the authorities of the Mataram Kingdom in Kartasura. This cleric from the village of Cabolek, Tuban, in the northern coast of Java was controversial and accused of spreading Ilmu Hak, namely wujudiyah Sufism, to commoners, even though his knowledge capacity was considered inadequate by the religious scholars (ulama) who opposed him. In that trial Kiai Mutamakin was found guilty, but later was granted pardon by King Pakubuwana II (1726-1749). The author of Serat Cabolek not only recorded the chronological details of Kiai Mutamakin\u27s trial, more than that he also emphasized his stance on how the Javanese should direct their religious orientation. Yasadipura I, as a court poet with educational background of pesantren (Islamic boarding school), figured Ketib Anom as an ideal Javanese Muslim. This religious head officer from Kudus is a figure that perfectly described not just having in-depth knowledge of traditional Javanese mysticism, namely the mystical story of Dewaruci, but also mastering and carrying out the provisions of the Shari\u27a in Islam
THE STATE AND THE HOLY QURAN: POLITICS OF THE QURAN TRANSLATION BY THE MINISTRY OF RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS
No full textQuran Translation by the Ministry of Religious Affairs entitled “Al-Qur’an dan Terjemahannya” which has been improved and refined for the third time shows the involvement of the state in providing Quran translation for Muslims. This article aims to show how politics and state policies in the translation of Quran in Indonesia as the power-knowledge, and how this power-knowledge is related to other power-knowledge. By analyzing all edition of “Al-Qur’an dan Terjemahannya” published by the Ministry of Religious Affairs as well as a set of interviews, this article concluded that Quran translation by the Ministry of Religious Affairs is an authoritative strategy of the state in accommodating Muslims interest to comprehend their holy Quran. At the same time, through this translation, the interest of the state in maintaining its stability of power is accommodated as well. The state power-knowledge in the form of Quran translation by the Ministry of Religious Affairs is not only focused on the state (The Ministry of Religious Affairs), but also related to other translation of Quran as the power-knowledge in the society
Epistimologi Pendidikan Seks dalam al-Quran
No full textThe characteristics of sex education in the Qur’an are preventive, universal, realistic-accurate. Preventive because the Qur’an has warned from the beginning to avoid negative sex so as not to fall into the humiliation as it has befalling the past. Universal because the Qur’an explains thoroughly all the problems about sex from before someone was born until he died. Realistic because the Qur’an recognizes that sex cannot be separated from human problems. The method of writing this paper is the Mawḍū’ī Interpretation (thematic) by identifying the verses of the Qur’an related to the theme. The purpose of writing this paper is to explain to the reader the concept of the Qur’an about sex education. To realize this goal, this paper outlines the meaning, purpose, object, phase, benefits of sex education in the Qur’an. The steps of the research are: identifying sexual problems that exist in society, then linking with the values contained in the Qur’an
Entitas Superlunar dan Sublunar dalam Metafisika Ikhwān Al-Ṣafā
No full textThis paper seeks to examine the metaphysical views of Ikhwān al-Ṣafā. The metaphysical view that developed in the 10th century AD is a unique view that places nature more fully as a spiritual and material entity simultaneously. After several centuries, modern science, especially through modern cosmology has abandoned the spiritual-metaphysical aspects of the universe, and only recognizes nature as a material-physical entity. It was for centuries that metaphysics was rejected as the epistemological basis of science. Yet in the view of Ikhwān al-Ṣafā sublunar material things are nothing but entities born from metaphysical entities. The metaphysics of Ikhwān al-Ṣafā, will show the boundary between macro-spiritual things called superlunar and physical micro-entities called sublunar
Metodologi dan Isu-Isu Krusial Tafsir Susastra Bint al-Shāṭi’: Sebuah Penghampiran Singkat
No full text‘Ā’ishah ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bint al-Shāṭi’ (1913-1998) was an Egyptian female scholar who successfully applied a literary approach to interpreting the Qur’an. He put the idea in one of his monumental works, namely al-Tafsīr al-Bayānī li al-Qur’ān al-Karīm. This paper seeks to explain aspects of the interpretation methodology and some of the crucial issues in it. In the aspect of methodology, will be explained about the background of writing, sources, systematics, methods and interpretation patterns. While some crucial issues discussed are about the discourse of synonymity, asbabun nuzul and israiliyat. At the end of this article also comes with some critical notes on the thematic methods offered by Bint al-Shāṭi\u27
Kota Utama Menurut Ibn Rūsyd
No full textThis article focuses on Ibn Rūsyd’s thoughtson “Excellent City” (al-madīnah al-fāḍilah) in his book, Plato’s Republic. Ibn Rūsyd was commenting Plato’s book, Republic. He made Republic as a means to against the government in his era.Ibn Rūsyd’s thought on excellent city addresses specifically his thoughts on the following ideas, such as meaning, aim, characteristics, virtues and the government of excellent city. Word “city” in this article refers to state or city-state