Jurnal Riset Kimia
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Pemanfaatan Lumpur Lapindo sebagai Sumber Silika Magnetik untuk Adsorpsi Tumpahan Crude Palm Oil
Get PDFIn this paper, synthesis of silica magnetite adsorbent has been carried out from Lapindo Mud silica and magnetite (Fe3O4) using the template Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) through a microemulsion process. This research aims to determine the adsorption ability of magnetic silica material as an adsorbent for Crude Palm Oil (CPO) with varying contact times of 10, 20, 30, 60, 90 minutes and an adsorbate concentration of 0,2, 0,4, 0,6, 0,8 and 1 gram. Silica is obtained from Lapindo Mud extraction using the acid leaching method using HCl. Magnetite was prepared by mixing ferric chloride and ferrous chloride salts with an alkaline base. Synthesis of magnetic silica adsorbent using CTAB and 1-butanol as a surfactant and co-surfactant, respectively. The characterization results from FTIR and SEM-EDX data identified the presence of silanol (Si-OH) and Fe-O groups, magnetic silica adsorbent showed an irregular morphological pattern, the size tended to be heterogeneous, contained Fe, O and Si elements. The XRD results show that there are peaks in the (200), (311) and (440) planes, the GSA results show that the pore surface area is 37.048 m2/g, the total pore volume is 0.321 cm3/g and the pore diameter is 33.907 nm, which indicates that the pores have a mesoporous structure. Based on this research, the optimum contact time is 60 minutes with adsorption kinetics following the pseudo-second order and Langmuir isotherm with an adsorption capacity of 1.76 mg/g
Synthesis And Characterization of Biodegradable Foam (Biofoam) From Taro Starch (Colocasia Aesculenta)-Chitosan
Get PDFBiodegradable foam can be used as an alternative packaging which is safe for health and environment. The raw material used to produce biofoam is starch. Taro consist of 67.42% starch. Contrarily, biofoam produced from starch has fragile mechanical properties. The addition of chitosan aims to improve the mechanical properties of biodegradable foam. Beside that, Chitosan is expected to reduce water absorption and increase tensile strength of biodegradable foam without reducing degradability. Biodegradable foam was synthesized by three steps, first step was isolation of starch from taro, second step was synthesis of biodegradable foam from taro starch-chitosan which used various concentration of chitosan to study the effect of chitosan addition for mechanical properties of biodegradable foam. Various concentration of chitosan was 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% (w/w). Third step was characterization of biodegradable foam. The Analysis of biodegradable foam was carried out included FTIR functional group, mechanical properties, biodegradability and water absorption. The result showed that the best tensile strength test was 1% chitosan addition with a value of 3.75 MPa; based on water absorption test, the optimum sample was 4% chitosan addition with a value of 11.66%. The results of the functional group analysis of FTIR biodegradable foam contained of C=O (amide), CN, NH and OH groups which indicated the existence of chitosan in the sample
Aktivitas Tabir Surya Secara In-Vitro Ekstrak dan Fraksi Daun Kedondong (Spondias dulcis Sol. Ex G.Forst)
Get PDFExcessive sun exposure to the skin can cause redness (erythema) and darkening of the skin (pigmentation). This effect can be prevented by using sunscreen. Kedondong leaves (Spondias dulcis Sol. Ex G. Forst) can act as a natural sunscreen because they contain secondary metabolite compounds with a conjugated double bond structure (chromophore), including phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The presence of conjugated double bonds in phenolic and flavonoid compounds is known to be able to absorb UV radiation thereby reducing its intensity on the skin. This study aims to determine the sunscreen activity of kedondong leaves based on the Sun Protection Factor (SPF), , the percentage of erythema transmission value (%Te), and the percentage of pigmentation transmission value (%Tp) and determine the secondary metabolite groups in kedondong leaf extracts and fractions. The research stages carried out were extraction of kedondong leaves by maceration, dechlorophyllation, followed by fractionation using n-hexane and dichloromethane, to obtain methanol extract, n-hexane fraction, dichloromethane fraction and methanol fraction. Then phytochemical tests were carried out on the extracts and fractions. Phytochemical tests showed that the secondary metabolite compounds in the methanol extract of kedondong leaves were alkaloids, phenolics, steroids and saponins. Furthermore, in the n-hexane fraction are steroids, the dichloromethane fraction is phenolic compounds, and the methanol fraction is alkaloid, phenolic and saponin compounds. Using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 200-400 nm, the sunscreen activity test showed that the dichloromethane fraction at a concentration of 120 mg/L was included in the extra protection category with an SPF value of 7,86±0,23; fast tanning with a %Te value of 15,99±0,83 and sunblock with a %Tp value of 32,72±1,09
Karakterisasi Struktur Kumarin pada Akar Tumbuhan Langsat (Lansium domesticum Corr.)
Get PDFLansium plants produce not only terpenoids as the main constituent but also contain phenolics on the basis of phytochemical analysis. Unfortunately, there are still limited information about phenolic structures from this plants. This study was conducted to identify one of phenolic structures from chloroform fraction of Lansium domesticum root. The chloroform fraction was fractionated and purified by chromatographic techniques such as vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) and column chromatography (CC) to obtain a coumarin. Additionally, the coumarin structure was characterized by 1H-NMR. The isolated coumarin showed a positive result for the phenolic test with FeCl3 5%. The 1H-NMR spectrum of isolated coumarin revealed chemical shifts at δH 7,60 (1H, d, J = 9,5 Hz), 6,92 (1H, s), 6,84 (1H, s), 6,27 (1H, d, J = 9,5 Hz), 6,14 (1H, s), and 3,95 (3H, s). Based on those results and comparison with literature data, it can be concluded that the isolated coumarin is iso-scopoletin (1
Minyak Atsiri Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle): Diisolasi dengan Dua Metode Berbeda, Kualitas dan Aktivitas Antibakterinya
Get PDFCymbopogon nardus L. Rendle is one of the world trades essential oil plants. The high selling value of citronella oil is determined by the characteristics of its physical and chemical properties. In this study, determined the physical and chemical properties of citronellal oil isolated by two different methods, namely method of laboratory distillation (M1) and local community distillation (M2). The result showed that the essential oil produce from both methods match with SNI 06-3953-1995 on its physical properties. The results of the chemical composition using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) indicated there are 38 and 48 compounds in the essential oil of M1 and M2, respectively with the main compositions are citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol. The antibacterial activity evaluated using the disc diffusion method showed inhibitory ability against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, but no inhibitory ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Both, these M1 and M2 essential oils are categorized as a very strong antibacterial at concentration of 3.125% and 50%, respectively
Efek Pendoping Nd3+ Pada Senyawa BaBi2-xNdxNb2O9 Terhadap Struktur, Sifat Dielektrik Dan Optik
Get PDFThe Aurivillius compound with formula BaBi2-xNdxNb2O9 (x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4) has been successfully synthesized using the molten salt method, showing potential as a ferroelectric material. The impact of Nd3+ substitution on the structure, morphology, dielectric, and optical properties has been systematically analyzed. XRD data refinement confirms that BaBi2-xNdxNb2O9 (BBNN) exhibits an orthorhombic structure with an A21am space group. Anisotropic plate-like grains were observed across all samples, decreasing their size as Nd3+ content increases. The ferroelectric transition temperature (Tc) decreases due to structural distortion caused by the reduction of the lone pair 6s2 electron effect of Bi3+ when substituted with Nd3+. Moreover, this structural distortion also contributes to an increase in bandgap energy (Eg). The diffuse ferroelectric phase transition is characterized by a broadened Tc peak induced by Nd3+ substitution due to increased cationic disruption in the bismuth layers. The ferroelectric phase with a lower and broader Tc suggests that the x = 0.4 sample has the potential for electrocaloric applications
Potensi Aktivitas Antimalaria Residu Hidrodestilasi Kulit Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum Burmanii) Melalui Penghambatan Polimerisasi Heme
Get PDFCinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) is a herbal plant from Indonesia which is widely used in cooking, cosmetics and medicine. Cinnamon bark isolate is thought to contain compounds with the structure of isoquinoline which are known to be used as antimalarials. The aim of this study was to examine the potential antimalarial activity of extracts and fractions of cinnamon bark hydrodistillation residue based on the % inhibition and IC50 value. These results will also be compared with extracts and fractions of cinnamon bark without hydrodistillation as controls. The test method is carried out in vitro by heme polymerization inhibitor. The test results showed that the n-hexane fraction, DCM fraction did not have inhibitory activity, while the ethyl acetate fraction had better potential than other extracts and fractions, where the ethyl acetate fraction after hydrodistillation (residue) had an IC50 value of 71.84 µg/mL, while the ethyl acetate fraction without hydrodistillation (control) had an IC50 value of 120.05 µg/mL. This result is better than hydroxychloroquine as positive control which has an IC50 value of 184.98 µg/mL. These results indicate that the ethyl acetate fraction from the hydrodistillation residue of cinnamon bark can be utilized and has potential as an antimalarial
Front Matter
No full textPrefaceIt is with great gratitude that I welcome the opportunity to serve again as Editor in Chief of the Jurnal Riset Kimia. In this edition, we present a variety of articles that reflect the latest innovations and developments in the field of chemical research. Each published contribution has gone through a rigorous assessment process, and I hope the results will provide new insights and become an important reference for researchers, academics, and practitioners around the world.In this edition, we present a compelling collection of research articles that reflect the cutting-edge advancements in material science, medicinal chemistry, and environmental sustainability. The diversity of topics addressed showcases the interdisciplinary nature of modern scientific inquiry, emphasizing the importance of innovation and collaboration in tackling contemporary challenges.Together, these articles not only advance our understanding of their respective fields but also exemplify the crucial interplay between science and sustainability. As we continue to navigate the complexities of modern research, the contributions of these authors provide hope and direction for future innovations that benefit both society and the environment.I would like to thank all the authors, reviewers, and editorial team who have contributed to the publication of this edition. This collaborative effort reflects our commitment to improving the quality of research and publications in chemistry. May the Jurnal Riset Kimia continue to be a useful and inspiring platform, encouraging continuous knowledge exchange and innovation within the scientific community.
Padang, 30 September 2024Editor in ChiefJurnal Riset KimiaDr. rer. nat. SyafrizayantiDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversitas Andalas
Polypeptide Antibiotic Produced by a Thermo-Halophilic Bacterium from Pria Laot Sabang 76 Isolate
Get PDFExtremophiles are known to produce antibiotics. This study aimed to isolate and purify polypeptide antibiotics from Pria Laot Sabang (PLS) 76, a bacterium isolated from an undersea fumarole. The antibiotic production was done by cultivating PLS 76 in a 2.5% TSB liquid medium and incubated at 70°C, 150 rpm for 112 hours. Ninhydrin assay on the crude supernatant after centrifugation indicated that the PLS 76 produced a polypeptide antibiotic. The supernatant was partitioned using methanol. The antibiotic activity was tested using the Kirby-Bauer method, and the inhibition zone was about 12 mm against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The methanol fraction was purified further by Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography and produced several fractions. Fractions with the same Rf were pooled and subjected to the ninhydrin assay. Fraction A, which gave a positive result after the ninhydrin assay, showed an inhibition zone of only 7 mm against E. coli and S. aureus. The Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (QTOF) Mass Spectrometry data indicated that the antibiotic's structure was similar to Polymyxin B2, an antibiotic of a polypeptide group
Cytotoxic Potential of Compounds Isolated from Non-Polar Fractions of Sungkai Plant Leaves (Peronema canescens Jack) Against Artemia salina Leach Larvae
Get PDFThe sungkai plant (Peronema canescens Jack), belonging to the Lamiaceae family, is a plant that is traditionally used as medicine, including toothache, malaria, and fever medicine. In this research, isolation was carried out with vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC), solid and liquid fractions were obtained. The solid fraction was further separated using column chromatography to obtain the isolated compound as a white solid (amorphous) weighing 10 mg (melting point 140˚C-142˚C). The results of the UV spectrum data show that there are no conjugated double bonds. The results of the IR spectrum show the presence of C-H groups at wave numbers 2921,49 cm-1 and 2856,94 cm-1, C=O groups at wave numbers, C=C groups at wave numbers 1641,51 cm-1, and dimethyl germinal which is characteristic of triterpenoid compounds at wave numbers 1456.68 cm-1 and 1372.41 cm-1. Meanwhile, the isolated oil was analyzed for chemical components using GC-MS. It was discovered that there were 83 chemical compound components contained therein with 4 main compound components, namely pentadecanoic acid (16.65%), 9,12-octadecanoic acid (16.12%), propyl palmitate (7.89%), and hexadecenoic acid, methyl ester (5.59%). A cytotoxic test was carried out on both fractions using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The results showed that the isolated compound was non-toxic with an LC50 value of 190214.2807 mg/L and the isolated oil was very toxic with an LC50 value of 34.2452 mg/L