Jurnal Riset Kimia
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STUDI PEMURNIAN GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir Roxb) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ARANG AKTIF DARI TEMPURUNG KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI ADSORBEN
Get PDF  ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to know the effect of particle size and concentration activator MgCl2 to effectiveness the active carbon and examine the ability of the best active carbon that produced as adsorben to purifying gambier. This research is done in 3 steps: (A) the making of the active carbon from variety of size : ≥ 250µm (A1),180µm < F ≤ 250µm (A2), 125µm < F ≤ 80 µm (A3) and F ≤ 125 (A4) and some the activator concentration MgC12 : 0% (B1), 20% (B2), 40% (B3), 60% (B4) and 80% (B5), (B) the testing quality of the active carbon include the content of water and adsorbable Iod and (C) the testing of active carbon as adsorben to purifying of gambier. To examine about the quality of active carbon got the best active carbon from carbon of coconut shell of sawit by size ≤ 125µm with activator concentration 20% MgC12 with the content of water 2.23% and adsorbable Iod 3080.97 (mg/g). The gambir rendemen the best purifying that produced is 55.5% by the content of dust 1.303% and the content of catechin 72.40%. Keywords: Catechin compounds, Active carbon.  Â
SUPLEMENTASI BAGASE DENGAN ENZIM SELULASE DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING, BAHAN ORGANIK DAN SERAT KASAR SECARA IN VITRO
Get PDF ABSTRACTSupplementation of cellulase enzyme to agro-industrial residues can increase the nutritional value of the product. Advances in industrial biotechnology offer potential opportunities for economic utilization of agro-industrial residues such as palm pres fiber, rice straw, corn straw and bagase for animal feed. Bagase is a complex material, is the major by product of the sugar cane industry.  This experiment examined the effect of applying a cellulase enzyme (Siqma & Co) on the digestibility of bagase in vitro.  The enzyme was applied in liquid form at  concentrations 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 (g/100 g DM) to bagase. The bagase was incubated with enzyme for 48 h before in vitro digestion. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and fiber  in vitro was detected. The results showed that digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and fiber were significantly different (P<0.01) across treatments. The increased of the cellulase enzyme supplemented to bagase can increased the nutritive values of the product and directly digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and fiber higher.  Results from this study indicated that direct application of enzymes to bagase was capable to improving  digestibility in-vitro. Key words :  cellulase enzyme, bagase, digestibility, in vitr
MANUFACTURE OF PLASTICS FILM CONTAINING OF POLYSTIRENE, POLYCAPROLACTONE, POLY(3-HIDROKSIBUTYRATE-CO-3- HIDROXYVALERATE) AND BIODEGRADATION STUDY IN OCEAN WATER
Get PDFÂ ABSTRACTThe manufacture of a biodegradable plastics film containing of polymer synthetic polystyrene(PS) and biopolymer of polycaprolactone (PCL), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)[P(3HB-ko-3HV)] and biodegradation study in ocean water has been carried out. Plastics filmcontaining of PS/PCL/P(3HB-ko-3HV) produced by blending techniques followed by solventcasting with ratios were of 100/0/0, 95/5/0, 95/0/5, 90/5/5, 85/10/5, 85/5/10. This testing wasconducted based on immersion test method recommend by American Society for Testing andMaterials. Poly blend plastics film PS/PCL/P(3HB-ko-3HV) were characterized by tensilestrength, thermal properties and SEM analysis. The profiles of the rate biodegradation view byweight reduction of the tested plastic film for 1-7 weeks period. Tensile strength analysisshowed the decreasing of tensile strength with the addition of P(3HB-ko-3HV). Thermalanalysis showed a decreasing in the melting point with the addition of PCL and P(3HB-co-3HV). SEM micrograph showed the destruction occurred and erosion at surface of plastic filmduring observation time. The rate of biodegradation showed that increasing of PCL and P (3HBco-3HV) in a mixture of plastic film, so biodegradation increased.Keywords: polystyrene, polycaprolactone, poly(3-hidroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate),biodegradation, film plastic
DEGRADASI MALACHITE GREEN OXALATE SECARA FOTOLISIS DAN OZONOLISIS DENGAN PENAMBAHAN ZnO-SnO2
Get PDFVol 7 No 2ABSTRACTDegradation of malachite green oxalate (MGO) compounds has been carried out by ozonolysisand photolysis methods with addition of ZnO-SnO2 as catalyst. MGO solution was analyzed bya spectrophotometer UV/Vis at 250-650 nm. The results showed that ozonolysis process fasterthan photolysis. 6 mg/L MGO can be degraded as much as 97.3% after irradiated with UV light(369 nm) within 150 minutes with the addition of 0.020 g of ZnO-SnO2. Otherwise, 99.6% of 6mg/L MGO can be degraded by ozonolysis process within 5 minutes by the addition of 0.025 gof ZnO-SnO2. Analysis of the remaining MGO solution by reverse-phase HPLC showedintermediate-substances peaks and peak height of MGO at a retention time of 3.18 mindecreased as the data obtained using a UV/Vis spectrophotometer.Keywords: degradation, MGO, photolysis, ozonolysis, ZnO-SnO
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI PARTIKEL NANOSPERIK TIO2 MELALUI METODE HIDROTERMAL GELOMBANG MIKRO
Get PDFÂ ABSTRACTSimple synthesis of nanospherical TiO2 by microwave hydrothermal method has beeninvestigated. Titanium tetra isopropoxide (TTIP) and tetra methyl ammonium hydroxide(TMAOH) were used as precursor. The crystal phase and microstructure were characterized byX-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) including selected areadiffraction (SAED). The presence of intense peak in the XRD patterns confirmed to anatase andin good agreement with SAED patterns. Nanospherical of particles were clearly seen in theTEM image and the size of particles was approximately 4-5 nm.Keywords : microwave hydrothermal, colloidal titanates, structure directing agent,nanospherical TiO
KAJIAN AWAL PENGARUH WAKTU REAKSI DAN RASIO MOLAR ASAM OLEAT DENGAN BUTANOL TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKO KIMIA PLASTISIZER BUTIL OLEAT
Get PDFVol 7 No 2ABSTRACTEsterification reaction is a reaction between fatty acids or carboxylic acids with alcohols toesters. Fatty acid (oleic acid) sourced from palm oil. One alternative to increase the economicvalue of palm oil is oleic acid esterification into oleic butyl known as plasticizers. Plasticizeradditives are compounds added to polymers to improve its flexibility and workabilitas. Thisstudy aims to study the effect of reaction time and molar ratio of the plasticizer synthesis oleicbutyl and identify the plasticizer oleic butyl. In this study, the first step is preparation H-Zeolitecatalyst, then synthesis of plasticizer butyl oleic esterification using natural zeolite catalystswere activated to H-zeolites with variables in the reaction time (6, 9 and 12 hours) and themolar ratio of oleic acid and butanol (1: 6, 1: 9 and 1:12) with the permanent variable stirringspeed of 200 rpm, 108-112 ° C of temperature and the catalyst were 15% oleic acid-based. Fromthe test results obtained 0.862 specific gravity, viscosity of 8.39 mPa and showed that thespecific gravity and viscosity of the resulting plasticizer has commercial plasticizer standardnamely 0.862 to 0.928 and from 8.2 to 9.4. Optimal operating conditions obtained in thisresearch is the molar ratio of 1:12, reaction time 12 hours resulted in a conversion reaction of76.73%.Keywords: Esterifikasi, H-zeolite, Oil, Plasticize
EKSTRAK METANOL DARI DAUN MAHKOTA DEWA (Phaleria macrocarpa) SEBAGAI INHIBITOR KOROSI BAJA DALAM ASAM KLORIDA
Get PDFVol 7 No 2ABSTRACTExtract of Phaleria macrocarpa leaves have been studied as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel ofhydrochloric acid solution 2.0 N. The efficiency of inhibition was evaluated by gasometric methodand electrochemical analysis. The temperature and concentration effects on the inhibitorsperformance were also investigated. The result obtained showed that the extract is one of promisingcandidate as an inhibitors for the corrotions of mild steel in HCl media, inhibition efficiencyincrease as the extract concentration is evaluated. The activation energy (Ea) increase with theaddition of the extract. Where inhibition of extract on the steel surface obey modified Langmuirisotherm equation. Potentiodynamic polarization curve indicated the Phaleria macrocarpa leavesextract play role as the anodic type inhibitor.Keywords : Corrosion inhibition, mild steel, Phaleria macrocarpa, hydrochloric acid
PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI KATALIS ZnO/KARBON AKTIF DENGAN METODE SOLID STATE DAN UJI AKTIFITAS KATALITIKNYA PADA DEGRADASI RHODAMIN B
Get PDFÂ ABSTRACTComposite catalyst ZnO/Activated Carbon (ZnO/AC) had been synthesized successfully bysolid state method. Synthesis was done by varying the addition of activated carbon (AC) 2%,5%, and 10% ZnO mass. Composite catalyst were calcinated at 400oC and characterized byFTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red), XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning ElectronMicroscopy). Based on the results of FTIR, absorption appeared in the region wave number1400-1600 cm-1, which indicated stretching of C=C was assumed come from AC. From theXRD results, it was known by the addition of AC, not overly change the crystallinity and crystalsize of ZnO, the crystal structure is hexagonal (wurtzite). SEM images showed AC preventedthe agglomeration of ZnO that would expand the surface area of ZnO and increased catalyticactivity of ZnO. For the results of the catalytic activity test, catalyst ZnO/AC was tested on thedegradation of Rhodamine B solution (10 ppm) by UV light irradiation, where the increasingnumber of trains the catalytic ability of ZnO also increased, it could be concluded that activatedcarbon can support to increase the role of ZnO in degrading Rhodamine B.Keywords: composite catalyst, ZnO, activated carbon, solid state, Rhodamine
VALIDASI METODA PENENTUAN ANTIOKSIDAN TOTAL (DIHITUNG SEBAGAI ASAM SITRAT) DALAM SAMPEL JERUK SECARA SPEKTOFOTOMETRI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN OKSIDATOR FeCl3 DAN PENGOMPLEKS ORTO-FENANTROLIN
Get PDFABSTRACTAntioxidant is a compound that can be used to obstruct species oxygen reactive, speciesnitrogen, and other free radicals so it can be used degenerative illnesses inhibition. Citric acid isa natural antioxidant that can be found in some kind of oranges. There are some methode thatusually used to determination the antioxidant, such as CUPRAC, DPPH, and FRAP. Objectiveof this research is studied about alternative method to determine total antioxidant that is countedas citric acid by using FeCl3 as an oxidator and o-phenantroline as a complexant reagent. Instudied of appropriateness of this method, validation has been done with parameter linearity,LoD, LoQ, SDR, and recovery with samples orange, kaffir lime, and lime. Base on the research,the regression equation is Y = 0,066 + 117.35 X and R2 = 0.990 with value of LoD is1.15x10-3M and LoQ is 3.86x10-3 M. The value of SDR and recovery in samples orange, kaffir lime, andlime are 1.64%, 0.53% 2.14%, and 100.47%, 93.58%, 93.78%, respectively. Base on validationmethod data, can be concluded that this method appropriate to be used to determination of totalantioxidant for samples orange, kaffir lime, and lime.Keywords : Antioxidant, Validation Method, Spectrophotometr
PRODUKSI GLUKOSA DARI BATANG KELAPA SAWIT MELALUI PROSES HIDROLISIS SECARA ENZIMATIS MENGGUNAKAN AMILASE TERMOSTABIL
Get PDFABSTRACTThis study aimed to explore the optimization of the concentration of oil palm trunks andthermostable amylase enzyme preformance produce highest sugar (glucose total and reducingsugars) as well as the degree of polymerization. The design used in this study was a completelyrandomized design (CRD) factorial using 2 factors: factor A which consists of four levels ofamylase enzyme that A1: 250 units / kg, A2: 500 units / kg, A3: 750 units / kg and A4: 1000 units/ kg. Factor B is the concentration of oil palm trunk yitu B1: 20% (200 g / 1 liter) B2: 40% (400g / 1 liter) and B3: 60% (600 g / 1 liter) were repeated 3 times. The results showed that there is ahighly significant interaction (P <0.01) in the levels of amylase enzyme (factor A) with theconcentration of oil palm trunks (factor B) on reducing sugar, siqnificantly interaction (P <0.05)on total sugars and degree of polymerization (DP) . This research can be concluded that the besttreatment at a concentration of 60% oil palm trunks and levels 250 unit/kg of an enzymeconcentration that produces of total sugars 7.86 mg/ml, reducing sugar 15.69 mg /ml and degreeof polymerization 0.50Keywords : amilase, total gula, gula pereduksi, derajat polimerisasi