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THE DISCOURSE OF EID 1429AH/2011AD GREETINGS ON THE BANNERS AND BILLBOARDS IN PADANG CITY
Get PDFEid al-Fitr is special compared to other holy days of Muslims. In addition to the celebration of victory for Muslims after a month-long fasting, there is a national phenomenon that occurs ahead of the Eid al-Fitr: the flow of urban people returning to their home towns and villlages. Millions of Muslims in Indonesia return home ahead of the holy day. Padang city or Ranah Minang as the capital of West Sumatra Province is one of the destinations for those homeward-bound travelers since the city and other areas in West Sumatra are the hometowns of the Minang people. Simultaneously, in every public space in the city, banners are installed by the head of the local government, political parties, or community leaders to deliver Eid greetings. This article examines the discourse of the message on the banners in the city of Padang in relation to the reality around the place where the banners were installed, the social context, as well as the relationship between the discourses on the banners.
Keywords: Discourse, Eid Greeting
INTER-RELIGIOUS DIALOGUE WITHIN THE HARE KRISHNA MANDIR COMMUNITY YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFThis paper aims to know how inter-religious dialogue was grasped by Hare Krishna Mandir community in Jogjakarta. Hare Krishna Mandir is one of Hindus community boarding schools (Asram) which being in Indonesia beneath of the umbrella of International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON). Results show that core of tenet of Hare Krishna Mandir community emphasizes on the development of individual knowledge and spirituality of student as a Hindus. Somehow, the community is being aware on pluralism context of Indonesia, therefore it also gives special attention on its community relationship to the others who live surround them. The community claims the necessity to develop interreligious dialogue as basic daily approach of communication with the others. Sunday Face comprises of the embodiment of that understanding. It is a program heading on Sunday, every week, involving many participants from different backgrounds. They gather together, they talk and share some relevant issues, and they learn from one and another point of views on solution as well as contribution to those. The program obviously contributes to sustaining religious harmony in Jogjakarta, and of course it gives better understanding for Indonesian people on the importance of inter-religious dialogue in a plural society of Indonesia. In addition to, it also contributes to shape open minded, necessity to hear, to learn, and to respect one and others among not only religious people, also society at all.
Key words: Hare Krishna Mandir, interreligious dialogue, Sunday Fac
RELIGIOUS DEMOCRATIZATION IN INDONESIA: STRENGTHENING THE PRO-CEDURAL AND SUBSTANTIAL RELIGIOUS DEMOCRACY
Get PDFInspired by the book of Michael Mann about the dark side of democracy that discusses the paradox between the ideality of democratic values and empirical realities of violence in the name of freedom (democracy), this paper begins with the exposure of the paradox, such as the rise of the violent conflict between groups of people (both ethnic and religious-based) and the high prevalence of violence between religious groups in Indonesia. Even worse, a very wrenching violence involves state actors (rulers). This paper tries to understand the roots of the paradox, with a look at how the relationship between state and religion and the religious community trend of Indonesia (especially Muslims). The author argues that the democratization of religion is a solution to the issues. To answer what kind of religious democracy lives in Indonesia, the author analyzes through a religious procedural (or constitutional) democratic dimension and religious substantial democratic dimension. The phenomenon of disobedience of law and system and the euphoria of law-making that reflects “intolerance” in several places in Indonesia display the fundamental issue in the religious procedural democracy. Whereas in the context of religious substantial democracy, the prevailing trend of religion that serves as a political and economic vehicle and ignores religion as a substantial aspect of the behavior of the Indonesian society has resulted in the marginalization of religious position and function. Then, the infiltration of the model of political Islam has also led to alienation of the character of the Islamic society of Indonesia, from a democratic pattern to a revival (radical) one. In this light, the author needs to present a strategy to encourage religious democracy in Indonesia, structurally through formulating the ideal relation model between state and religion and culturally through a substantial pattern of religion embedded with the character of Indonesian religious communities as well as the need to revitalize the true Indonesian Islamic model which will be intrinsically familiar with the principles of democracy.
Key words: Democracy, religious procedural, substantial democracy, intolerance, law and system of disobedience
DYNAMICS OF LOCAL ISLAM: FATWA OF MUHAMMAD BASIUNI IMRAN, THE GRAND IMAM OF SAMBAS, ON THE FRIDAY PRAYER ATTENDED BY FEWER THAN FORTY PEOPLE
Get PDFThis article is an analitical work based on local Islam dynamic of Sambas society in the era of Sambas Sultanate. The work attempts to promote intellectual heritages such as the book of Cahaya Suluh, which could at least give us an idea that in a process of setting certain rules or istinbat, there is a need for flexibility. As can be observed from the whole argument built in this book, the process is completely flexible, not merely following one school of thought. As indicated in this paper, especially in the discussion of his thought, Muhammad Basiuni Imran used various references for his propositions. Although he was an advocate of the school of Syafi’i, he was still open to the other schools of thought. As a matter of fact, in the case of Friday prayer, his position was different from the school of thought he supported. He took that position because he considered the socio cultural conditions of Sambas at the time. Intellectual spirit shown by the Grand Imam of Sambas should continue to be emulated and expanded. It is a way to avoid the ‘blind’ taqlid against a certain school of thought, as such attitude can narrow human intelligence and reasoning which will eventually lead to collision with local reality that sometimes contains values that do not contradict with religion. In addition, the approach to the interpretation of law should look at its socio-cultural and historical background as this will keep the law strong and sustainable. In this way, Islam will be easily accepted without having to impose foreign culture on local people.
Keywords: Dynamic, Islam, Sambas, Grand Imam, Muhammad Basuni Imra
NO SHEEP SACRIFICED IN KAMPUNG NAGA STUDY ON CELEBRATIONS THE EID AL-ADHA AND THE HAJAT SASIH IN KAMPUNG NAGA, TASIKMALAYA
Get PDFPeople will do their best to apply their religious beliefs in the form of different religious rituals as a means of reconciling themselves to God. Among the rituals is Idhul Adha festivity held by the indigenous people of Kampung Naga. This festival is very interesting as it continues with the ritual of Hajat Sasih as a form of grateful expression to the ancestors of the community of Kampung Naga. The results of this research showed that the practice of Eid al-Adha Celebration was held with great solemnity according to the Islamic teachings, although there are no sheep sacrificed. The attitude of respect for the custom over Idhul Adha celebration has made them prefer the customary ritual in the form of Hajat Sasih to Idhul Adha which is a sunnah. The Hajat Sasih Ritual is carried out after the completion of the Idhul Adha prayer. The ritual is performed in accordance with the procedures carried out by their ancestors by delivering the Pahajat (parcel containing food and produce) to the Punduh and the Lebe a day before the celebration. Meanwhile, the Punduh and the Lebe also gave their pahajat to the Kuwu (village chief) and the Naib (caretaker)of Neglasari Village. The Hajat Sasih is an expression of gratitude to God represented in the form of a visit to the tomb of the ancestor, i.e. Sembah Dalem Eyang Singaparana . In addition, the Hajat Sasih also serves as a special occasion for the people of Kampung Naga to visit each other and expect the blessing from the visit to the grave and from the rice cone that has been prayed upon by the elders of the village.
Keywords: Local Islam, Eid al-Adha, Hajat Sasih, Kampung Naga and visiting the grave
DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN THOUGHTS IN ISLAM
Get PDFFor more than 14 centuries, history has proved that Islamic teachings come with a variety of thoughts, social cultural backgrounds, periods through which the development and the dynamics evolved. The primary mission of mankind as the khalifah fil ardh (the caliph of the earth, is to practice the Islamic teachings (Shariah) in accordance with the provisions of the primary source of Islam itself, i.e. the Qur’an and Hadith. At least, a long history of Islam as a religion of revelation suggests that the existence of Islamic teachings can grow and develop in every corner of the world, with a variety of spreading patterns that give the nuances and the mosaics in the development of the religion the present day
BUILDING PLURALIST ATTITUDE IN DOING ISLAMIC EDUCATION AT HIGHT SCHOOL AND MADRASAH
Get PDFThe pluralist attitude is often associated with acknowledging and appreciating ethnic and religious differences which are, in fact, plural. The plurality of ethnicity is a natural process because no one can choose to be born into parents of a certain group. Meanwhile the plurality of religion is the result of someone’s choice of faith and is part of the human rights. A person cannot change their ethnicity but it is possible for them to change their religion. Nor can religious conversion change a person’s ethnicity, as in the case in West Kalimantan where a Christian ethnic Dayak converts to Islam to become a Malay, for example. It is why religion and ethnicity are plural, so appreciating and acknowledging the plurality as inevitability is known as a “pluralist” attitude. In Islam, especially in the instruction of Islamic education at school, or madrasah, pluralist attitude should be extended to include not only the attitude of acknowledging and appreciating ethnic and religious differences, but also the awareness of the existence of variants of the plurality in a religion, ethnicity and even in a family. Building a pluralist attitude among people with the same faith and ethnicity is often overlooked, that later led to an attitude of ambiguity, thus being friendly towards people of a different religion or ethnicity, but being hostile when dealing with fellow religious or ethnic members. The phenomenon is clearly visible in the dispute between the followers of Sunni and the Shi’ite in which the leaders are brothers. To ensure that the instruction of Islamic education is able to build a pluralist attitude on learners, we need to start building the ability of teachers to develop the curriculum, prepare the lesson plans, develop contextual learning materials and use varied learning strategies and methods.
Keywords: Instruction of Islamic education, Pluralist attitude, School, Madrasa
GREEN CONSUMPTION: SEARCHING FOR RELIGIOUS ETHICS OF CONSUMPTION
Get PDFDi tengah persoalan krisis lingkungan dan ekologis, muncul masalah baru yang telah menjadi gaya hidup masyarakat modern yaitu apa yang disebut sebagai “affluenza” atau gaya hidup konsumtif yang tidak lagi mempertimbangkan asas kegunaan dan pertimbangan ekologis dalam mengkonsumsi makanan, pakaian, tempat tinggal maupun kebutuhan sehari-hari lainnya. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi kecendurungan gaya hidup konsumtif ini adalah dengan etika konsumsi untuk memperkuat integritas individual dan masyarakat agar bisa menjalankan hidup yang lebih sederhana, tidak boros, dan lebih ramah lingkungan. Bertolak dari tesis bahwa “agama masa depan akan lebih hijau” yang dicetuskan oleh Bron Taylor (2004), tulisan ini menelusuri jejak pemikiran “green paradigm” dan menawarkan konsep “green consumption” sebagai sebuah landasan bersama (common ground) bagi agama-agama untuk mengatasi masalah “affluenza” dalam kehidupan masyarakat modern yang terus cenderung konsumtif. Makalah ini juga menyuguhkan beberapa model etika terapan yang bisa dijadikan contoh untuk menformulasikan dan mengaplikasikan konsep “green consumption”.
Key words: green paradigm, green religion, green consumption, religious ethics, and consumerism
RELIGION, MARGINALITY AND POWER RELATIONS: RELIGIOUS CONVERSION AND RELIGIOSITY OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN PENYENGAT
Get PDFUsing a theory of power relation of Michel Foucault, the following research analyzes the behavior of religious conversion in the community of the Indigenous People of Anak Rawa in Penyengat Village, Siak District, hereinafter referred to as the Native People. The research will show that in the middle of the domination of the State and theologians, the community of Indigenous People actualizes power to maintain its identity in the midst of the invasion of new values and culture. To support the argument, the researchers traced the religiosity of the Indigenous People focusing on several events of everyday life such as traditions of marriage, death, and celebration of religious holidays. In addition to adapting to the country’s religious traditions they have adopted, this community also modifies the ritual traditions of each religion so that these traditions become a means of preserving their communal identity as a native tribe. The research ultimately shows the interplay between the State and theologians as the dominant group, on the one hand, and the indigenous community as a subjugated group, on the other, in the use of power.
Keywords: Indigenous People, Religion, Power Relatio
SYNCRETIZATION OF CHINESE RELIGION IN SINGKAWANG WEST KALIMANTAN
Get PDFThis paper attempts to shed light on the context of religiosity which is very pluralistic and dynamic in Indonesia. It is based on the field research conducted in Singkawang focusing on the Chinese religion. Some important conclusions could be drawn here such as the syncretization of the Chinese religion concerning the understanding of the existence of God and the gods which often has overlapping hierarchy including syncretic perspectives on understanding cosmology, mythology, symbols associated with mystical tales and supernatural beings. In the process, many Chinese Indonesians in Singkawang who are demographically Buddhists, Christians, or Muslims, still perform a pattern of worship of Confucianism or Taoism in their daily lives. The procedure of worship has also been modified so that its format differs from that found outside Indonesia. Meanwhile, during the celebration of the Chinese lunar new year and Cap Go Meh (the fifteenth night), Chinese Indonesians in Singkawang perform a ritual to get rid of bad luck. It is a unique, syncretic ‘collaboration’ between Chinese traditions and local culture.
Keywords: Syncretization, Religion, Chinese, Singkawang