JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI
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McKean–Vlasov type stochastic differential equations arising from the random vortex method
No full textWe study a class of McKean–Vlasov type stochastic differential equations (SDEs) which arise from the random vortex dynamics and other physics models. By introducing a new approach we resolve the existence and uniqueness of both the weak and strong solutions for the McKean–Vlasov stochastic differential equations whose coefficients are defined in terms of singular integral kernels such as the Biot–Savart kernel. These SDEs which involve the distributions of solutions are in general not Lipschitz continuous with respect to the usual distances on the space of distributions such as the Wasserstein distance. Therefore there is an obstacle in adapting the ordinary SDE method for the study of this class of SDEs, and the conventional methods seem not appropriate for dealing with such distributional SDEs which appear in applications such as fluid mechanics
Heterotic string model building with monad bundles and reinforcement learning
No full textWe use reinforcement learning as a means of constructing string compactifications with prescribed properties. Specifically, we study heterotic SO(10) GUT models on Calabi-Yau three-folds with monad bundles, in search of phenomenologically promising examples. Due to the vast number of bundles and the sparseness of viable choices, methods based on systematic scanning are not suitable for this class of models. By focusing on two specific manifolds with Picard numbers two and three, we show that reinforcement learning can be used successfully to explore monad bundles. Training can be accomplished with minimal computing resources and leads to highly efficient policy networks. They produce phenomenologically promising states for nearly 100% of episodes and within a small number of steps. In this way, hundreds of new candidate standard models are found
On the structure of learnability beyond P/poly
No full textMotivated by the goal of showing stronger structural results about the complexity of learning, we study the learnability of strong concept classes beyond P/poly, such as PSPACE/poly and EXP/poly. We show the following:
1) (Unconditional Lower Bounds for Learning) Building on [Adam R. Klivans et al., 2013], we prove unconditionally that BPE/poly cannot be weakly learned in polynomial time over the uniform distribution, even with membership and equivalence queries.
2) (Robustness of Learning) For the concept classes EXP/poly and PSPACE/poly, we show unconditionally that worst-case and average-case learning are equivalent, that PAC-learnability and learnability over the uniform distribution are equivalent, and that membership queries do not help in either case.
3) (Reducing Succinct Search to Decision for Learning) For the decision problems R_{Kt} and R_{KS} capturing the complexity of learning EXP/poly and PSPACE/poly respectively, we show a succinct search to decision reduction: for each of these problems, the problem is in BPP iff there is a probabilistic polynomial-time algorithm computing circuits encoding proofs for positive instances of the problem. This is shown via a more general result giving succinct search to decision results for PSPACE, EXP and NEXP, which might be of independent interest.
4) (Implausibility of Oblivious Strongly Black-Box Reductions showing NP-hardness of learning NP/poly) We define a natural notion of hardness of learning with respect to oblivious strongly black-box reductions. We show that learning PSPACE/poly is PSPACE-hard with respect to oblivious strongly black-box reductions. On the other hand, if learning NP/poly is NP-hard with respect to oblivious strongly black-box reductions, the Polynomial Hierarchy collapses
Medical Research Council Hot Topic workshop report: Planning a UK Nutrition and Healthy Life Expectancy Trial
No full textThere is a drive in the UK to harness findings from novel fundamental and efficacy nutritional research and, through inter-disciplinary and multi-agency collaborations, to improve eating behaviour for the benefit of population health. This report summarises the progress made during the Medical Research Council-funded Hot Topic workshop on the planning for a potential UK-wide nutrition primary prevention randomised controlled trial with incident disease as the study endpoint: the UK Nutrition and Healthy Life Expectancy (NuLifE) Trial. Through two workshops, along with online discussions and a systematic evidence synthesis, over 40 experts from a range of disciplines came together over 6 months. The workshop reached a consensus and delivered a three-stage plan with the ultimate ambitious aim of providing effective eating behaviour change strategies to address the growing inequalities in the UK and contribute to both a reduced risk of prevalent diet-related chronic disease and an increase in healthy life expectancy
D-modules on rigid analytic spaces III: weak holonomicity and operations
No full textWe develop a dimension theory for coadmissible D-cap-modules on rigid
analytic spaces and study those which are of minimal dimension, in analogy to
the theory of holonomic D-modules in the algebraic setting. We discuss a number
of pathologies contained in this subcategory (modules of infinite length,
infinte-dimensional fibres). We prove stability results for closed immersions
and the duality functor, and show that all higher direct images of integrable
connections restricted to a Zariski open subspace are coadmissible of minimal
dimension. It follows that the local cohomology sheaves
with support in a closed analytic subset of are also coadmissible of
minimal dimension for any integrable connection on
An overview of the ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) project: aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions in the Southeast Atlantic basin
No full textSouthern Africa produces almost a third of the Earth’s biomass burning (BB) aerosol particles, yet the fate of these particles and their influence on regional and global climate is poorly understood. ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) is a five-year NASA EVS-2 (Earth Venture Suborbital-2) investigation with three Intensive Observation Periods designed to study key atmospheric processes that determine the climate impacts of these aerosols. During the Southern Hemisphere winter and spring (June-October), aerosol particles reaching 3–5 km in altitude are transported westward over the South-East Atlantic, where they interact with one of the largest subtropical stratocumulus subtropical stratocumulus (Sc) cloud decks in the world. The representation of these interactions in climate models remains highly uncertain in part due to a scarcity of observational constraints on aerosol and cloud properties, and due to the parameterized treatment of physical processes. Three ORACLES deployments by the NASA P-3 aircraft in September 2016, August 2017 and October 2018 (totaling ~350 science flight hours), augmented by the deployment of the NASA ER-2 aircraft for remote sensing in September 2016 (totaling ~100 science flight hours), were intended to help fill this observational gap. ORACLES focuses on three fundamental science questions centered on the climate effects of African BB aerosols: (a) direct aerosol radiative effects; (b) effects of aerosol absorption on atmospheric circulation and clouds; (c) aerosol-cloud microphysical interactions. This paper summarizes the ORACLES science objectives, describes the project implementation, provides an overview of the flights and measurements in each deployment, and highlights the integrative modeling efforts from cloud to global scales to address science objectives. Significant new findings on the vertical structure of BB aerosol physical and chemical properties, chemical aging, cloud condensation nuclei, rain and precipitation statistics, and aerosol indirect effects are emphasized, but their detailed descriptions are the subject of separate publications. The main purpose of this paper is to familiarize the broader scientific community with the ORACLES project and the data set it produced
Choreographing endo-lysosomal Ca2+ throughout the life of a phagosome
No full textThe emergence of endo-lysosomes as ubiquitous Ca2+ stores with their unique cohort of channels has resulted in their being implicated in a growing number of processes in an ever-increasing number of cell types. The architectural and regulatory constraints of these acidic Ca2+ stores distinguishes them from other larger Ca2+ sources such as the ER and influx across the plasma membrane. In view of recent advances in the understanding of the modes of operation, we discuss phagocytosis as a template for how endo-lysosomal Ca2+ signals (generated via TPC and TRPML channels) can be integrated in multiple sophisticated ways into biological processes. Phagocytosis illustrates how different endo-lysosomal Ca2+ signals drive different phases of a process, and how these can be altered by disease or infection
Reimagining the Copperbelt as a religious space
No full textThe first comparative historical analysis - local, national and transnational - of the cross-border Central African copperbelt; a key work in studies of labour, urbanisation and African studies
PENINGKATAN NILAI GIZI PRODUK PANGAN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BUBUK DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera): REVIEW
Get PDFIn several countries, moringa leaves are starting to be widely used in food products as an alternative to overcome malnutrition. Malnutrition occurs due to a lack of energy and protein balance which disrupt human physiological function. The lack of micronutrient intakes, such as vitamin A, iron, and zinc, can also cause malnutrition. Moringa oleifera is referred to as the most economical tree. Almost every part of the tree contains abundant nutrients and plays an important role in meeting human nutritional needs. Moringa leaves contain high protein, vitamins, and minerals, to be used as an alternative to overcome nutritional problems. Various studies have concluded that moringa leaves can be used in food products. This review aims to determine the use of moringa leaves to increase the nutritional content in food products. The addition of moringa leaf powder causes a significant increase in protein, fiber, and mineral content in several food products. The addition of moringa leaf powder with the highest concentration resulted in the best increase in protein, fat, fiber, and mineral content in several food products. However, the acceptable concentration of moringa leaf powder addition is not more than 5%.
Keywords: mineral content, moringa leaf, nutrien