VISIKES: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat
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FAKTOR DETERMINAN PEMBERIAN IMUNISASI DASAR LENGKAP BALITA DI KECAMATAN PADARINCANG 2017
Get PDFImmunization is one of the programs to control of infectious diseases, the coverage of immunization in Banten 2016 is still below the target of 90.26%. Coverage of UCI in subdistrict only reached 68.41% while Indonesia equal to 81,82%. This indicates the low coverage of UCI in the subdistrict area in Banten.The study aimed to analyze factors related to the completness of basic immunization in under-five children in Padarincang Sub-district in 2017. This study used case control design using secondary data and analyzed by Chi Square Test. The sample of this research is mother who has toddler with 66 cases and control of 66 people. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between family support with basic immunization completeness in underfive (p= 0,001; OR = 17,843 (95% CI = 2,271-140,223)), there was significant relation between house distance with basic immunization completeness in underfive (p= 0,002; OR = 5,304 (95% CI = 1,852-15,189)), and there was a significant relation between working mother with basic immunization completeness in toddler (p= 0,008; OR = 4,960 (95% CI = 1,559- 15,779)). It is expected that the Health Office will improve the provision of information about immunization to family members
GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PRAKTIK VULVA HYGIENE SAAT MENSTRUASI PADA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 25 SEMARANG TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017-2018
Get PDFABSTRACT: Adolescence is a time of growth or the transition from childhood to time up, this is known by the term puberty, this occurs at 9-15 years age. Symptoms arising in puberty is menstruation. Vulva hygiene is an act which by woman to keep the health and cleanliness of her vulva area. The patterns and habits of students in Semarang SMP 25 do not yet controlled by vulva hygiene school parties, while the school has been doing its job to provide reproductive health education about vulva hygiene, but has never carried out an evaluation of the knowledge students to do vulva hygiene during menstruation.The purpose of this research is to know the level of vulva hygiene practice upon knowledge of menstruation.Population studies 128 respondents, with sampling stratified random sampling, so retrieved 97 respondents. Engineering data collection using primary data and secondary data. The research results of 97 students of class VIII SMP 25 Semarang in obtaining results from the 72 respondents (74,2%) in both the category and the category quite 25 respondents (16%).Conclusions in this study is that most students of class VIII in SMP 25 Semarang have good knowledge about the practice (74,2%) vulva hygiene during menstruation. The advice of the author is respondents are expected to apply the vulva hygiene while mestruating regularly and properly.Keywords: knowledge, adolescence, vulva hygieneABSTRAK: Masa remaja adalah masa pertumbuhan atau peralihan dari masa kanak-kanak ke masa ke atas, hal ini dikenal dengan istilah pubertas, ini terjadi pada usia 9-15 tahun. Gejala yang timbul saat pubertas adalah menstruasi. Vulva hygiene adalah tindakan yang dilakukan oleh wanita untuk menjaga kesehatan dan kebersihan area vulvanya. Pola dan kebiasaan siswa di SMP Negeri 25 Semarang belum dikendalikan oleh pihak sekolah kebersihan vulva, sementara sekolah telah melakukan tugasnya untuk memberikan pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi tentang kebersihan vulva, tetapi belum pernah melakukan evaluasi terhadap pengetahuan siswa untuk melakukan kebersihan vulva selama menstruasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat praktik kebersihan vulva pada pengetahuan menstruasi. Studi populasi 128 responden, dengan pengambilan sampel stratified random sampling, sehingga diambil 97 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian 97 siswa kelas VIII SMP 25 Semarang dalam memperoleh hasil dari 72 responden (74,2%) baik dalam kategori maupun kategori cukup 25 responden (16%). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa sebagian besar siswa kelas VIII di SMP 25 Semarang memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang praktik (74,2%) kebersihan vulva selama menstruasi. Saran dari penulis adalah responden diharapkan untuk menerapkan kebersihan vulva saat berjajar secara teratur dan benar.Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Remaja, Kebersihan Vulv
Perbedaan Sistem Pelayanan Medis Dokter dengan Standar INA-CBGs (Studi Kualitatif Pasien Ketuban Pecah Dini di RS X)
Get PDFBPJS (Social Insurance Administration Agency) Health will pay the irst-level health facilities with capitation. For advanced level referral health facilities, Health BPJS pay package system Indonesia Case Base Groups (INA-CBGs). INA-CBGs system is a classiication of patient care episode that designed to create classes that are relatively homogeneous in terms of resources used and contained patients with similar clinical characteristics. Hospitals will receive payments based on the average amount spent on a group diagnosis.This was qualitative study. The informants were 6, devided into 3 person as main informants and 3 triangulation informant, they were selected by snowball sampling techniques. The indepth interview data was transcripted in March 2016 then analyzed by the content analysis.Diferent diagnoses and medical procedures for standard medical services of doctors in hospitals with INA-CBGs standards, for example, premature infarction (KPD) should be performed by Sectio Caesarea (SC) up to 6 hours while INA-CBGs for early SC delivery within 24 hours. The hospital needs to increase the number of coding teams, hospital veriiers, and BPJS officer, and monitor and evaluate doctors, medical records, and hospital internal veriiers by clinical micro system under SIM-RS and coding units.Keywords: medical diagnosis, INA-CBGs, Premature rupture of membranes
FAKTOR UMUR, PENDIDIKAN, DAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN PERILAKU MEROKOK DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SUNGAI DURIAN, KABUPATEN SINTANG
Get PDFABSTRACT: Smoking is a risk factor for chronic diseases such as lung cancer, upper respiratory tract cancer, heart disease, stroke, bronchitis, emplysema and causes of death. In 2003 about 4.9 million people in developing countries died from cigarettes. The number of smokers in Indonesia tends to increase 31.5% of Indonesia's population in 2000. The number of smokers in West Kalimantan is 27.2% of the population and the Sintang District of 28.5% in the Sungai Durian Public Health Center Working Area reaches 75% of men smoker. This research uses quantitative approach with cross sectional study with male population of 4,321 people and the sample of this research are 218 respondents of smoking behavior based on the distribution of smoking respondents in Durian River Health Center work area as much as 180 respondents (82,6% ). Statistical test using chi square test to see the relationship of independent variables and bound using the degree of meaningfulness. The result of bivariate analysis shows that the variables related to smoking behavior are age with p value 0,000 and OR is 6,176, education with p value 0.011 and OR is 3,068, and knowledge with p value 0,031 and OR 2,753. It is advisable to conduct health education directly and continuously about the dangers of smoking to students in junior high and high school.Keywords: Age, Education, Knowledge, and Smoking BehaviorABSTRAK: Merokok merupakan faktor risiko untuk penyakit kronis seperti kanker paru-paru, kanker saluran pernapasan atas, penyakit jantung, stroke, bronkitis, emplysema dan penyebab kematian. Pada 2003 sekitar 4,9 juta orang di negara berkembang meninggal karena rokok. Jumlah perokok di Indonesia cenderung meningkat 31,5% dari penduduk Indonesia pada tahun 2000. Jumlah perokok di Kalimantan Barat adalah 27,2% penduduk dan Kabupaten Sintang 28,5% di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sungai Durian mencapai 75% pria perokok. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan studi cross sectional dengan populasi laki-laki sebanyak 4.321 orang dan sampel penelitian ini adalah 218 responden perilaku merokok berdasarkan distribusi responden merokok di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sungai Durian sebanyak 180 responden (82,6%). %). Uji statistik menggunakan uji chi square untuk melihat hubungan variabel independen dan terikat menggunakan derajat kebermaknaan. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berhubungan dengan perilaku merokok adalah usia dengan p value 0,000 dan OR adalah 6,176, pendidikan dengan p value 0,011 dan OR adalah 3,068, dan pengetahuan dengan p value 0,031 dan OR 2,753. Dianjurkan untuk melakukan penyuluhan kesehatan secara langsung dan berkesinambungan tentang bahaya merokok kepada siswa di SMP dan SMA.Kata Kunci: Umur, Pendidikan, Pengetahuan, dan Perilaku Meroko
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERSEPSI TENTANG SANITASI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PADA PELAJAR DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI (SDN) MAKMUR KECAMATAN GAMBUT, KABUPATEN BANJAR, KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Get PDFABSTRACT: Efforts to improve the quality of education require a genuine effort from students and teachers. A clean learning environment strongly supports the emergence of interest and comfort during the learning process takes place, in contrast to the dirty learning environment, space will produce the impression of lazy and boring does not appear a sense of spirit that can help students learn.The research method used is an analytical survey using cross sectional design. In cross-tubal analysis result between perception about school environment with Standard Variable that is Learning Achievement at school of SDN Makmur Regency of Banjar 2017 shows that p-value 0,000 where p value (= 0,05), make-up with member-in order have an awareness to always keep a clean and healthy life not only in the home environment but also in the learning environment in school, and can also increase the healthy role in order to provide understanding to the students and teachers who teach in the school environment by doing the work health how to learn the school environment with student achievementKeywords: perception, school environmental sanitation, learning achievementABSTRAK: Upaya peningkatan kualitas pendidikan diperlukan usaha yang sungguh-sungguh dari para siswa dan guru. lingkungan belajar yang bersih sangat mendukung timbulnya ketertiban dan kenyamanan pada saat proses belajar mengajar berlangsung, berbeda halnya dengan lingkungan belajar yang kotor, tentunya akan menimbulkan kesan malas dan membosankan sehingga tidak muncul rasa semangat yang dengan sendirinya dapat mempengaruhi minat belajar siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei analitik dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional. Pada hasil analisis tubulasi silang antara persepsi tentang sanitasi lingkungan sekolah dengan Variabel terikat yaitu Prestasi Belajar di sekolah SDN Makmur Kabupaten Banjar tahun 2017 menunjukkan bahwa nilai p-value 0.000 dimana nilai (p <= 0,05), disarankan kepada para siswa agar dapat memiliki kesadaran untuk senantiasa tetap berperilaku hidup bersih dan sehat bukan hanya di lingkungan rumah saja melainkan juga pada lingkungan belajar di sekolah, serta dapat mengoptimalkan peran tenaga kesehatan agar dapat memberikan pemahaman kepada para siswa dan kepada para guru yang mengajar di lingkungan sekolah dengan cara melakukan penyuluhan kesehatan mengenai persepsi tentang sanitasi lingkungan sekolah sehubungan dengan prestasi belajar pada siswa.Kata Kunci: Persepsi, Sanitasi Lingkungan Sekolah, Prestasi Belaja
TINJAUAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP PETUGAS REKAM MEDIS TENTANG KODE SEBAB KEMATIAN/ UNDERLYING CAUSE of DEATH DI RUMAH SAKIT TUGUREJO SEMARANG 2016
Get PDFABSTRACT: Determination code of underlying cause of death is one of the important functions of medical record unit that require precision. To determine the code, the officer must pay attention to the procedures or rules that set by the WHO in ICD-10. In a preliminary survey conducted by the author, in determined the underlying cause of death, coding officers only saw major diagnoses that existed at RM1 and did not see the diagnosis that written in SMPK. This caused an incorrect code.This type of research was descriptive and cross sectional approach. The method used were observation and interviews. The study population were 30 medical record officers and sample were the officers who meet the criteria for a sample of 14 people.The results based on the characteristics, 64.29% did not receive any coding training. All educated diploma of medical record and there were 3 officers who continued study on undergradute program. Most work experience of medical record officer within a period of 6-10 years (57.14%). Most age were 36-40 years old (50%). Most were female (78.57%). Knowledge of non coder officers classified as good with an average value of 94.55 while the average value of 80 for coder. The attitude of coder officer classified as good but for non coder officers there were still many doubts to answer the statement.For that officers need training about the code of underlying cause of death. ICD-10 volumes 1-3 should be used to obtain accurate code. It should be made Standard Operating Procedure and socialization on how the code of underlying cause of death and the provision tables of Mortality Medical Data System (MMDS) to assist in determining the code of underlying cause of death.Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Code of Underlying Cause of DeathABSTRAK: Penentuan kode penyebab dasar kematian merupakan salah satu fungsi yang penting dari unit kerja rekam medis yang membutuhkan ketelitian. Untuk menentukan kode, petugas harus memperhatikan prosedur atau aturan yang ditetapkan oleh WHO di dalam ICD-10. Dalam survey awal yang dilakukan penulis, dalam menentukan sebab dasar kematian (Underlying Cause Of Death) petugas coding hanya melihat diagnosa utama yang ada pada RM1 saja dan tidak melihat diagnosa yang tertulis dalam SMPK. Hal ini menyebabkan kode tidak tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik, pengetahuan dan sikap petugas rekam medis tentang kode penyebab dasar kematian berdasarkan ICD-10 di RSUD Tugurejo Semarang Tahun 2016. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi dan wawancara. Populasi penelitian adalah 30 orang petugas rekam medis dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah petugas rekam medis yang memenuhi kriteria sampel sebanyak 14 orang. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan karakteristik, sebesar 64,29% tidak pernah mendapatkan pelatihan koding. Semua berpendidikan terakhir DIII-RMIK dan ada 3 petugas yang melanjutkan S1. Masa kerja petugas rekam medis paling banyak dalam jangka waktu 6-10 tahun (57,14%). Persentase umur paling banyak berumur 36-40 tahun (50%). Sebagian besar petugas berjenis kelamin perempuan (78,57%). Pengetahuan petugas non koder tergolong baik dengan rata-rata nilai 94,55 sedangkan rata-rata nilai petugas koder 80. Sikap petugas koder sudah baik namun untuk sikap petugas non koder masih ada banyak keraguan untuk menjawab pernyataan. Perlu adanya pelatihan koding khususnya tentang kode penyebab dasar kematian. Buku ICD-10 volume 1-3 tetap harus digunakan untuk mendapatkan kode yang akurat. Perlu dibuat Standar Operasional Prosedur dan sosialisasi tentang cara penentuan kode penyebab dasar kematian dan penyediaan tabel Medical Mortality Data System (MMDS) untuk membantu dalam penetapan kode penyebab dasar kematian.Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan, Sikap, Kode Penyebab Dasar Kematia
Self Efficacy dan Self Motivation Kader dalam Melakukan Active Case Finding untuk Menurunkan Epidemi Tuberculosis dalam Mewujudkan Target SDGs 2030
Get PDFActive case inding maximize the role of cadres for the discovery of new TB cases. Semarang city emergency TB in 2016. Puskesmas Mijen one who has high TB patients with case notiication number of 53%. This research is observational research with cross sectional method. This study uses questionnaires as a tool in taking data. The ield samples were chosen by simple random. The sample size is 55 cadres in the working area of Mijen Semarang Public Health Center. The results of the good category of 36,4% self eicacy conident cadre performancein TB case inding in the community at least once a day. There are 38,2% self motivation of additional income knowledge of cadres including less in the case inding of Tb in the working environment of the Mijen Puskesmas. Self eicacy factors and self-motivation of cadre showed no signiicant relationship with cadre performance on the implementation process at family visit to get target of SDGS 2030. It is suggested to all health center cadres to always follow training on health especially related to TB to maximize the role of cadre for discovery New TB caseKeywords: Self eicay, self motivation, tuberculosi
Penerapan Label Pangan pada Produk Bagiak oleh Produsen di Banyuwangi
Get PDFFood packaging that provides food labels to inform consumers about product quality. Food labeling is done with the aim of providing a sense of security to consumers without having to open the product packaging. Supervision conducted by the Department of Industry and Trade and the Health Service in 12 sub-districts in Banyuwangi district, industrial owners do not have PIRT and do not know the food label conditions. This can increase the potential for insecurity and insecure quality. Packaging food from Banyuwangi area is for the production of home industry in the form of packaging. The objective of the study was to evaluate food labels in household industries that produce diets in Banyuwangi.The research design is cross sectional with observation method in 12 household industries conducted at the Trade Industry Service of Banyuwangi Regency. The data collection used a questionnaire survey on the results of an industrial sample. Descriptive data analysis, presented in proportion to tables and narratives. The results obtained 50% of 12 household products have met the minimum label criteria in accordance with Government Regulation No.69 of 1999 on Food Label and Advertisement. The lower inclusion of the manufacturer's name and address affects the product in the completeness of the label attribute
FAKTOR–FAKTOR YANG MENYEBABKAN TERJADINYA KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA (KDRT) DI KECAMATAN BANTUL, KABUPATEN BANTUL, YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFBackground: Based on the ICPD, the world's nations agreed to formulate the MDGs in which one of them about the increase in Promote Gender Equality and Empowerment Women. However, having many irregularities in its development, its form is one of domestic violence (domestic violence). Each year domestic violence has increased significantly. In Indonesia in 2010 reached 295 836. In Bantul District to increase this year from 6 to 12. This study there were about two dozen who became an informant, but about four people who are willing to become informants in this study. Methods: The method used is descriptive qualitative. Purposive sampling techniques Sampling. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, semi standard way and as a key instrument is the human instrument with tiangulasi as the validity of the data. Research Objectives: To determine factors that lead to domestic violence (domestic violence). Result : There are many factors that lead to domestic violence, but the results of research in Bantul District, there are many different factors, is factors of economic situation, harmony in intimate relationships, confidence, communication, stress, and the past experiences. The education is not caused of domestic violence.Keywords: The factors that cause occurrence of domestic violence (Domestic Violence) ABSTRAK Berdasarkan pada ICPD, maka negara di dunia sepakat merumuskan MDGs yang mana salah satunya mengenai Peningkatan Kesataraan Gender dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan. Namun, dalam perkembangannya mengalami banyak penyimpangan, salah satu bentuknya adalah kekerasan dalam rumah tangga ( KDRT ). Tiap tahun kekerasan dalam rumah tangga mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan. Di Indonesia pada tahun 2010 mencapai 295.836. Di Kecamatan Bantul meningkat pada tahun ini dari 6 menjadi 12. Penelitian ini ada sekitar dua belas yang menjadi informan namun sekitar empat orang yang bersedia menjadi informan dalam penelitian ini. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik Purposive Sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam, jalannya wawancara semi standart dan sebagai key instrument adalah human instrument dengan tianggulasi sebagai keabsahan datanya. Terdapat banyak faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya kekerasan dalam rumah tangga , namun dari hasil penelitian di Kecamatan Bantul ada beberapa faktor, yaitu faktorkeadaan ekonomi, keharmonisan dalam hubungan intim, keyakinan, komunikasi, stres, pengalaman masa lalu dan lingkungan. Sedangkan pendidikan tidak menyebabkan KDRT.Kata Kunci: Faktor – faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya kekerasan dalam rumah tangga ( KDRT
DETERMINAN YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF
Get PDFABSTRACTExclusive breastfeeding is breastfeeding only to infants up to the age of 6 months without additional liquids or other foods. Based on the data coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in the Rahmawati by 80%, this shows there are still 20% that the baby is not exclusively breastfed. Efforts to improve breastfeeding is still lacking.This study aims to identify factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding which includes factors of knowledge, attitude, work, support health workers and support her husband. This type of research is analytic survey with cross sectional approach.Respondents in this study were mothers who have children aged 6-59 months amounted to 52 people and taken samples using total sampling. Collecting data using questionnaires and data analysis using Chi-Square.The results showed factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding ie knowledge (P value = 0.011), occupation (P value = 0.047), the support of health workers (P value = 0.019) and the support of her husband (P value of 0.006, while factors unrelated that is the attitude (P value = 0.067). To improve exclusive breastfeeding can improve the health centers health education services for mothers and their families about the mechanism of pumping mechanism and the role of families in supporting exclusive breastfeeding by the method of group discussions and home visits.Keywords: Exclusive Breastfeeding, Mothers, BabiesABSTRAK ASI eksklusif adalah pemberian ASI saja pada basyi sampai usia 6 bulan tanpa tambahan cairan ataupun makanan lain (Dewi, 2013). Berdasarkan data cakupan ASI eksklusif di BPS Rahmawati sebesar 80% hal ini menunjukkan masih 20 % bayi yang belum mendapatkan ASI eksklusif. Upaya meningkatkan pemberian ASI masih kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif yang meliputi faktor pengetahuan, sikap, pekerjaan, dukungan petugas kesehatan dan dukungan suami. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu yang mempunyai bayi 7-12 bulan yang berjumlah 52 orang dan diambil dan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan analisa data menggunakan Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif yaitu pengetahuan (P value = 0,011), pekerjaan (P value = 0,047), dukungan petugas kesehatan (P value =0,019) dan dukungan suami (P value 0,006 sedangkan faktor yang tidak berhubungan yaitu sikap (P value = 0,067). Untuk meningkatkan pemberian ASI eksklusif puskesmas dapat meningkatkan pelayanan pendidikan kesehatan bagi ibu dan keluarganya tentang mekanisme mekanisme memompa ASI serta peranan keluarga dalam mendukung pemberian ASI esklusif dengan metode diskusi kelompok dan kunjungan kerumah.Kata Kunci: ASI Esklusif, Ibu dan Bay