Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan
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Isolasi Senyawa Flavonoid dari Limbah Kulit Buah Kakao dengan Variabel Mesh Partikel dan Suhu Evaporasi
Full text linkThe utilization of waste of cocoa skin has not been optimum; the waste is usually left to degrade in the soil. The cocoa skin is known to contain polyphenol and flavonoide. This work investigated the isolation of flavonoide from the waste of cocoa skin using maseration extraction method with a solvent of methanol. The independent variables studied were the particle size of cocoa skin (70, 80 mesh) and the temperature of solvent evaporation (50, 60oC) with a dependent variable of percentage of total isolated flavonoide. The results show that the smaller particle size and the higher temperature of solvent evaporation are, the higher the percentage of total isolated flavonoide. For the particle size of 80 mesh and the temperature of solvent evaporation of 60oC, the percentage of total isolated flavonoid are 1.304% and 1.194%, respectively
Study of Single Stage Compressive Test (SST) Laboratory Determination In Soft Formation Rods with Various Compositions Of Silica and Calcite Impurities In High Pressure and Temperature
Full text linkSingle Stage Compressive Test is a compressive test tool to study the nature of reservoir rock strength by modeling the reservoir rock into laboratory conditions. Measurement results on surface conditions generally have different results from actual conditions in reservoir conditions, therefore, the working principle of this tool considers the principal stress that works on reservoir rocks designed with the addition of silica and calcite impurities and models reservoir conditions in more detail such as high temperature conditions, the presence of pore pressure and the influence of the presence of fluid in the reservoir rock. Such a laboratory model will provide an overview of the magnitude of the effect of stress, both the maximum stress or the minimum stress acting on the reservoir rock and the effect of temperature and the presence of fluid on the nature of the reservoir rock strength. SST is designed by considering reservoir conditions in Indonesia, generally described as the maximum axial pressure (overbourden pressure) reaching 4000 psia and radial pressure which can act as confining pressure (pore pressure) reaching 1500 psia and the maximum temperature reaching 400 oF. This paper will explain in detail about the design of the SST tool and report the results of the synthetic core compressive test using this tool
Analisa Indikasi Pembentukan Scaling Berdasarkan Simulasi Numerik Sumur Panas Bumi
Full text linkScaling is one of the problems commonly found during geothermal fluid production. Scaling can form in production wells, two-phase pipes, and geothermal reinjection wells. Scaling in geothermal production wells is formed due to fluid from the reservoir which has been saturated by silica changing phases into two phases so that the sediment is formed. Scaling in geothermal production wells can reduce the diameter in the wells resulting in a decrease in geothermal fluid production. Scaling deposition is influenced by several factors, namely the concentration of silica in the fluid, pressure, and temperature. In this study, pressure and temperature decreases in the wells during the production process were analyzed using the CMG-STARS simulator. Based on the pressure and temperature data, the tendency for scaling to form is estimated based on the calculation of the Silica Scaling Index at several well depth intervals. Based on the SSI value, it is known that intervals that have the potential for scaling are at a depth of 50 m - 450 m and 967 m - 1745.5 m. Dryness and SSI values decreased at an interval of 550 m - 873 m because there was a zone of feed zone at a depth of 820 m
Ketahanan Sifat Antibakteri Kain Batik Teraplikasi Nanopartikel ZnO
Full text linkBatik has became a part of Indonesian life since ancient times. Nowadays batik is used in daily life both as clothing and household appliances. Therefore it is very important to develop antibacterial batik. This paper presents the results of antibacterial durability tests on batik after repeated laundering. Antibacterial batik was made by applying ZnO nanoparticles to the fabric before and after the batik process using the pad-dry-cure method. Antibacterial properties were tested using the agar diffusion method by measuring the zone of growth inhibition of the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria around the ZnO applied batik cloth. Antibacterial durability was tested by the Launder-O-meter method according to SNI ISO 105-C06:2010. Laundering test was done 4 times which is equivalent to 20 times home laundering. The test results showed that batik which was applied by ZnO nanoparticles before the batik process showed a decrease in antibacterial activity by 78.68% while batik which was applied by ZnO nanoparticles after the batik process showed a decrease in antibacterial activity by 44.74%. Application of ZnO nanoparticles can provide antibacterial properties in batik cloth with a durability of more than 20 times home laundering
Peramalan Kinerja Reservoir Lapangan Panas Bumi Gunung Iyang-Argopuro, Jawa Timur, Indonesia Menggunakan Simulasi Numerik TOUGH2
Full text linkThe Mount Iyang-Argopuro geothermal field is a prospect field located in East Java, Indonesia. This field has a water-dominated reservoir and still in the exploration stage. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out how the production capacity of the Mount Iyang-Argopuro reservoir. The scenario of field development is done by simulating a reservoir model that has reached a natural state. The model was created and simulated with a TOUGH2 simulator, assuming the field will be produced for 30 years with a production capacity of Iyang-Argopuro geothermal field is 55 MW. Several production scenarios are tested on the model to obtain an appropriate production target. Based on the simulation results, a production capacity of 55 MW for 30 years was achieved with 9 production wells. Fluid from the wells flow to a 9 bar pressurized separator and an 8.5 bar turbine pressure. Despite the decline in production, the scenario is still able to maintain generating capacity above 55 MW
Pengaruh Ukuran Zeolit Teraktivasi terhadap Salinitas Air Payau di Desa Kemudi dengan Metode Adsorpsi
Full text linkWater in the Kemudi Village was categorized as brackish water, so fresh water was difficult to obtain in this village. Salinity of water in the village of Kemudi reached 30.11 g / L. This high salinity caused residents to have buying clean water from other villages for their daily needs. One way to convert brackish water into fresh water was by the adsorption method. This study examined brackish water desalination using an adsorption method with activated zeolite adsorbents. Zeolite could reduce water salinity in the Kemudi village in accordance with clean water quality standards. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of zeolite size and room temperature on water salinity. The sizes used were 841 microns (20 mesh), 250 microns (60 mesh), and 149 microns (100 mesh). Water in the Kemudi Village had Cl- content of 9,128.38 mg/L. Activated zeolite could reduce Cl- levels better than non-activated zeolite. The size of zeolite influenced the levels of Cl- absorbed. For the size of 20 mesh the Cl- level dropped to 8082.60 mg/L, for the size of 60 mesh was 8188.95 mg/L, and for the size of 100 mesh was 8255.31 mg/L
Ekstraksi Minyak Atsiri Biji Kapulaga Menggunakan Bantuan Microwave sebagai Pemanas
Full text linkCardamon (Amomum Cardamomum) is one of plantations yielding essential oil. It is commonly recognized as a cooking spice and contains terpineol, sineol, borneol, and camphor that are powerful to dilute sputum and liquid excretion from stomach, warming body, cleaning blood, releasing pain, scenting and generating aroma. The research was to identify the chemical compositions contained in Cardamom seed essential oil by extracting the Cardamon seeds using a microwave as a heater and find essential solutions to the yielded Cardamom essential oil. The solution used was ethanol 96% and n-hexane. The extraction process adopted a microwave with 380-Watt power, and extraction time for 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 90 minutes. The best solutions were ethanol 96% yielding 6.76% with extraction time for 90 minutes and n- hexane yielding 5.44% with extraction time for 30 minutes
Pembuatan Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) dari Sampah Plastik Menggunakan Proses Pirolisis
Full text linkPyrolysis of plastic waste is a thermochemical decomposition process of organic material in plastics with a heating process using little or no oxygen. This research does to determine the effect of the type of plastic waste on the amount of pyrolysis oil. The pyrolysis of plastic waste is carried out using PolyPropylene (PP) plastic seed feed and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) plastic waste. Variable pyrolysis reactor feed that is as much as 500 grams - 2500 grams for each type of plastic. In this study using a reactor made of stainless steel with a maximum capacity of 3000 grams. The heat source used to heat the reactor is biomass pellets made from 100% wood. The pyrolysis oil produced from Polypropylene seeds is 72%, while the pyrolysis oil produced from High Density Polyethylene plastic waste is 31%. The yield difference is quite high due to the plastic seeds having a higher level of purity compared to plastic waste. The resulting pyrolysis oil density results close to the density value of Pertamax fuel. The heating value of pyrolysis oil is close to the heating value of kerosene. The flash point value of pyrolysis oil is included in the kerosene flash point value
Sintesis dan Karakteristik Bioplastik dari Tepung Sorghum – Tepung Kanji dengan Penambahan Kitosan dan Plasticizer Gliserol
Full text linkSorghum is an Indonesia agricultural product which is still rarely used by Indonesia citizen. A lot content of starch that found in a sorghum can be used as raw material for making biodegradable plastic which is interesting solutions as a innovative food wrapper. Starch from sorghum were chosen because they can be degraded well, and eatable. Biodegradable plastic prepared by dissolving sorghum starch and tapioca starch with total starch ratio 10g in 100 ml of aquadest at a temperature of 60°C to 70°C then stirred for 20 minutes. Sorghum starch and tapioca starch ratios are 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3. Chitosan variables are 0,5g, 1g, 2g, 2,5g, and 3g, and sorbitol variables are 3ml, 4ml, 5ml, 6ml, and 7ml. The analysis includes tensile strength and percent elongation. Then continued with the biodegradable analysis for 14 days. Good composition for this biodegradable plastic are 10 g starch with sorghum starch and tapioca starch ratio at 5:5, 100 ml acetic acid 1%, , 1,5g chitosan, and 4ml sorbitol with the result of tensile strength is 2,2812 MPa and 43,95 % for percent elongation. Biodegradable plastic could degraded well at day 10. So this biodegradable plastic proved more eco friendly than synthetic plastic
Optimasi Proses Ekstraksi Pektin Dami Buah Nangka
Full text linkJackfruit rind is composed of thatch and thorns are usually only thrown into waste. While in the rind a content of pectin around 8%. Where pectin in the industrial world has many benefits, such as additional ingredients for making jelly. In this study extraction of pectin with jackfruit thorns. Thatch dried and mashed, 30 grams of thatch was extracted in a three neck flask with 300 ml HCl solvent. Extraction was carried out by varying solvent concentrations (0.01; 0.02; 0.04; 0.06; 0.08 and 0.1 N), and extraction time (30; 60; 90; 120; 150 and 180 minutes). The extract was filtered, then 96% ethanol was added and allowed to stand for one night to form a precipitate. The precipitate was washed with ethanol to neutral pH, and dried in an oven to a constant weight as dried pectin, then analyzed. Optimal operating conditions are achieved at an extraction temperature of 80 °C, a solvent concentration of 0.06 N, with an extraction time of 90 minutes. The pectin taken was 11.6933% with a moisture content of 7.02%.. The analysis of pectin produced has an equivalent weight of 1470.5882; methoxyl content of 30.008%; galactonic acid levels 182.336%